BOOK REVIEWS small van der W a d s contacts and has the phosphate groups on the inside of the helix, hut that it is hased on the free acid, and not the salt which provided the x-ray data. Of Hughes and Lipscomb's study of methylnmmonium chloride it is stated (p. 177) that the coordinates were not subjected to statistical accurary tests, whereas this study was the very first one in which such tests were applied, and thus is s landmark among atructursl papers. Readers will be surprised (p. 200) to find that a plane of symmetry is not impossible for s molecule of N,N'-diglyeyl-~cyst,ine. Many x-ray structure analysts will be more m~rprised(p. v ) to learn that they are physicists. On the whole, the author has achieved his purpose, and although the discussion in the last three chanters is owhans . . not as critical as one might like, that part can be recommended to crystallographers, and the whole hook to organir chemists, whether average or not.
JERRY DONOHUE 7Inioersil?/oJ Southern California Los Anqeles X-Ray Matallography
A. Taylm, Westinghouse Research Laboratories, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. John U'iley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1061. viii 093 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 23.5 em. 527.
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Rather than to present a rcviow in JOCIRNAL from the standpoint of the metallographer, i t would seem more appropriate t,o answer the question as to what a teacher of chemifitry might find in this book t,hat would interest him. I n the first place, the title is misleading, as it indicates s. rather limited scope. Instead, the book covers many topics that one would not ordinarily think of as metallography, including X-ray microscopy, Xray diffraction, neut,ron diffract,ion, a whole chapter on the crystal st,ructure of the elcments and their allotropir: modifications, tshles of atomic and ionic radii, and a discussion of the determinabion of phase diagrams (using X-ray diffraction to identify phases). I n addition, there are chapter8 on the crystal chemistry of alloys; on the effects of mirrosbructure on the properties of steels and other alloys; on orientation textures; and on the determination of the size of grains in polycryst,alline metals. Miscellaneous topics include a review of locked-in stresses in metals and alloys, methods of chemical analysis that employ X-rays, and applications of X-rays to the study of refractory materials, oxides, and corrosion products. There are 100 pages of appendices related to these topics and a. 20page, two-column, comprehensive index. This is, as the ahovc hrief list shows, an excellent reference book. Moreover, the hope expressed in the author's introduction has been realized: "In this hook I have taken the approach of a, physicist who learned his metallurgy somewhat later in ( C n t i n u e d n page A234) THIS
BOOK REVIEWS his career. I have therefore commenced my subject with the generation of X-rays and followed i t with the first industrial application of the radiation, namely, the radiographic examination of metals . . . The object of this haokis to give the metallurgist a n appreciation of X-ray methods as they apply to his particular field of work and to present the X-ray crystallographer, untrained in the metallurgical arts and wishing to apply his skills to the many fascinatingproblems which await him there, withasuitahleintroductorytext.. . . It is hoped that the tables will make it a practical as well as a theoretical textbook and that the bibliographies will serve as guides t o the literature for all those who wish t o advance their studies further!'
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tween structures and properties of msterials, and the methods used toreveal the structures. This book is an excellent choice for their reference bookshelf, being mueh more factual and authoritative than the chemistry textbooks to which they ordinarily have access. There are a wealth af topics that will be of interest t o them and they are competently presented in clear, easily-understood English. This is a book that can be highly recommended t o them.
LAURENCE S. FOSTER Ordnance Materials Reseaxh Ofice
Scientific Rurrion Guide: Handbook for Students ond Profesrionalr Interested in Scientific Rursion
Mary A . Emery, Hofstra College, Hempstead, New York, and Serge A. fimery. MeGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 191 pp. 16 New York, 1961. vii X 23.5 em. $4.50.
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Presupposing a n elementary acquaintance with Russian grammar, this guide takes readers through a self-help course of 40 graded lessons, in four parts and drawing on about twenty areas of science. The jsrket statement that completion of the course will make the student a wellqualified translator in his own subject is unjustifiable; so brief a course could not turn out competent translators in twenty different disciplines. On more realistic ground, the plan of presentation is excellent, the topics are well chosen both for interest and for ca~ a r i t vto instruct. and the ersdation from
duction to Russian science and eontemporary Soviet scientific publications" is well substantiated by the selections and the accompanying aids. Buvers of the book will a ~ ~ l a uthe d type is clear, with enough but not too mueh white space, so that legibility is excellent. (Continued n page A236)
A234
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Journal o f Chemical Education
