I/ECREPORTS
thetic lubricants will permit operat ing wearing parts also over wider temperature ranges, but most signifi cantly at higher temperatures. These advances will result in higher speed, more efficient, smaller, lighter, and less expensive equipment.
®
FA
Pumps a n d Fractionating Equipment Are Getting Most Attention
FILLS THE GAP IN UREA GLUES stronger
bonds . .. increased resistance
economically
craze ...
achieved
HC
CH
F L U S H
II II HC
D O O R
C-CHiOH Ο
Q O Furfuryl Alcohol modified urea resins form gap-filling glues of e x c e p t i o n a l s t r e n g t h . S u c h a d h e s i v e s a r e flexible, r e s i s t cracking a n d deterioration u p o n aging. T h e y reduce s h r i n k a g e a n d assure a n e n d u r i n g bond u n d e r m a n y conditions of pressure, t e m p e r a t u r e , a n d glue line thickness. MANY OTHER USES. Versatile F A also dissolves nitrocellulose, d y e s a n d m a n y resins; a c t s as a w e t t a n t a n d reactive solvent for resin-bonded abrasives; a n d forms resins which cure a t r o o m t e m p e r a t u r e t o acid a n d alkali resistant p r o d u c t s . If y o u r glue supplier c a n n o t furnish this p a t e n t e d adhesive, write t o us for n a m e s of t h e m a n u f a c t u r e r s .
Write for your copy of
TECHNICAL
BULLETIN
205
"General Information, Physical Data, Chemistry and Uses of Furfuryl Alcohol"
The Quaker Oafs (pmparyy
337B The Merchandise Mart, Chicago 5 4 , Illinois Room 537B, 120 W a l l Street, N e w York 5 , N e w York Room 437B, Main P. O. Box 4 3 7 6 , Portland 8 , Oregon In the United Kingdom: Imperial Chemical Industries, Ltd., Billingham, England In Europe: Quaker Oats-Graanproducfen N. V., Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Quaker Oats (France) S. Α., 3, Rue Pillet-Will, Paris IX, France; A / S " O t a , " Copenhagen, S. Denmark In Australia: Swift & Company, Pty., Ltd., Sydney I n Japan: F. Kanematsu & Company, Ltd., Tokyo
For further information, circle number 20 A on Readers' Service Card, page 117 A 20 A
I N D U S T R I A L A N D ENGINEERING
CHEMISTRY
We have mentioned editorially the work of the ASA committee whose objective is standardizing pumps dimensions and desirable features (such as back or front opening). This committee is mov ing slowly to avoid hasty conclusions based entirely on technical data. If this seems a slightly heretical ap proach, look at one engineer's slant: Technical data alone are not enough to make complete standards; main tenance labor costs, for instance, are difficult to evaluate—to check some pumps, a pipe fitter and an elec trician are needed besides a me chanic. Changes in pumps and their op eration which have already taken place include a wide range of dif ferent impellers now available for many services and experimental use of very high speeds to get high heads and volumes. Impellers which will handle entrained air and prevent suction loss are available as the result of importing certain Europen patents. To date, higher heads from higher speeds remain experimental and accepted com mercially to only a very limited extent. In spite of the state of flux in pump standards, some manufac turers have gone ahead and stand ardized on pump dimensions and features. API has issued tentative pump specifications (610). Research in fractionation has been challenging the conventional bubble cap tray for some years now. Celanese has been making great use of the perforated plate [I&EC, 44, 2238 (1952)], Shell's Turbo-grid tray was described in this section of I&EC four years ago (I&EC, Sep tember 1952, page 13A). Other large refiners have developed their own trays—Esso's Jet-Tray which has covered perforations directing the vapor horizontally, Socony's Uniflux, an interlocked channel-type tray, Pan American's Panapak, a
