NEWS EDITION
D E C E M B E R 20, 1937
Fathers and Sons i n Chemistry A Third Ellis
543 minum-brass t o dezincification and de posit attack is improved by t h e presence of arsenic in the metal.
After a service of some what more than a year he decided t o continue the study of methods of mak sent in the N E W S EDITION HERBERT FREUNDLICH, formerly vice di ing and molding plastics (Vol. 14, N o . 12, p. 240, rector of the Kaiser Wilhelm Institut in Europe. In addition to June 20, 1936) two memfur physikalische Chemie, Berlin-Dahattention t o that subject bere of the Ellis family— lem, and professor of colloid chemistry while abroad, he took namely, Carleton Ellis in t h e University of Berlin, and more courses in the language a t and Carleton Ellis, Jr. recently associated with Professor DonHeidelberg in order t o fit We now beg to add t o nan in the laboratories of physical chem himself for a better com the gallery a second son, istry at the University College, London, prehension of the German Bertram, who is a mem has been appointed professor of colloid practice in the field of plas ber of the staff of the chemistry in t h e Graduate School of tics. Later studies in Eng Ellis Laboratories, Inc., the University of Minnesota, effective land were beneficial in giv Montclair, N . J. January 1, 1938. This is a new type of ing him some knowledge Bertram Ellis graduated appointment for the university, as of British practice in the from Berkshire School at graduate students working in any de same field. Sheffield, Mass., and at partment of pure or applied science may once entered the Ellis Bertram Ellis expects select Professor Freundlich as their Laboratories to make a to pursue his chemical graduate adviser and work under his ΒΕΒΤΒΛΜ ELUS practical study of the career in the Ellis Labo direction. chemistry of synthetic resins and plastics ratories, Inc. J. D . HITCH, who has been resident engi neer of the Dorr Co., Inc., in Tokyo, Japan, for the past 8 years, has returned to New York t o take over the dut ies of manager of the Export Division, in gen eral charge of Dorr activities in Japan, Australia, and South America. T. 13. C I I . S. T u p h o l m e , R u n e t o n C o t t a g e , I^ower B o u r n e , F a r n h a m , Surrey, FORD, who was assisting Mr. Hitch in England Tokyo, has taken his place there.
I and Sons in Chemistry, it was a privilege t o pre N O U R S E R I E S of Fathers
Personalia
Condenser Tube Corrosion
mation and corrosion is, in fact, the con necting link between the practical condi tions in condensers and the varied cor rosive effects which they are able to denser Tube Corrosion: Some Trends of produce. Recent Research," was prepared by R. May, of the British Non-Ferrous Metals The u?e of iron protector blocks, origi Research staff, who has been associated nally with the idea of giving electrolytic with the research from its inception. protection to the tube ends, has been found to give protection further down the tube It is pointed out that the requirements than would be expected, and it has been of a condenser tube are today considerably suggested that this has been due to the more exacting than formerly. Whereas in formation of a protective film of iron rust reciprocating engines the main cause of on the tube surface. Observations on failure of brass tubes was dezincification, 70:30 copper-nickel and 76:22:2 aluminumthe introduction of the steam turbine, with brass have shown that their resistance is its lower condensing temperature and notably greater if the formation of the higher water speed through the tubes, protective film takes place in water con soon brought into prominence the trouble taining iron compounds. now known as impingement attack or corrosion-erosion, caused principally by Service conditions may be regarded as bubble impingement. Attack in this way the main potential causes of corrosion. was only partially controlled by changes Tubes 70:30 copper-nickel, aluminum-brass, in condenser design, and attention was and a number of proprietary alloys all have directed to the tube material itself. 7c pa very high resistance t o bubble im per-nickel tubes, with up t o 20 per cent pingement, but their resistance to pitting nickel, were introduced at an early date, varies considerably, and in some cases, but it was not until the nickel content had unaccountably. At present, the cupro been raised t o 30 per cent and a number nickel must be regarded as the most re of manufacturing difficulties had been liable with respect t o pitting, and it overcome that the high resistance of these achieves this distinction, not by a com tubes t o impingement attack became ap plete resistance to pitting, but by the fact parent. These tubes and the subse that any pits which start, tend t o widen quently developed aluminum-brass tubes rather than t o deepen, so that they de appeared to have saved the situation as it velop into small areas of comparatively existed at t h e time; at any rate, com shallow attack which easily becomes stifled plaints of impingement attack failures by the formation of a new protective film. steadily became less frequent. T h e aluminum-brass, o n the other hand, robably resists the start of pitting rather It is generally agreed that corrosion etter than copper-nickel but in abnor such a s occurs in condenser tubes is an electrochemical process in which differ mally corrosive conditions the pits tend t o ences in potential over the metal surfaces deepen without becoming wider. cause currents to flow through the liquid Resistance to impingement attack is between different portions of the surface, the main requirement in marine plants, giving what may be regarded as small short- and further increases in the severity of circuited primary cells. The places where working conditions may call for improve the current passes from the metal to the ments in this direction without lessening liquid (the anodes) are corroded, and those the resistance t o pitting and other types where the current passes from t h e liquid of attack. The behavior of 70:30 copperto the metal (the cathodes) are protected. nickel and aluminum-brass can be varied considerably by small changes of com Differences in potential over the surface position and the resistance of cupro-nickel may be caused by irregular distribution to impingement attack, although adequate of oxygen, metal ions, foreign matter, and the formation and breakdown offilmsand for present conditions, could be increased b y this means if the necessity should scales often consisting mainly of corrosion arise. Similarly, the resistance of aluproducts. The relation between film for SURVEY, which appeared in the Sep A tember issue of the Transactions of the Marine Engineers, under the title "Con
C
On December 3 WILLIAM R. JOHVSTON
of the Fleischmann Laboratories, New York, Ν . Υ., gave a series of lectures on "Chemical Research in Relation to the Food Industry" at Central College, Mo. On November 6 HERMANN C. LYTHOOE,
director of the Massachusetts Depart ment of Public Health, was honored by his associates on the occasion of the fortieth anniversary of his entrance into the division. D E X T E R NORTH, chief of the Chemical
Division of the United States Tariff Commission, has resigned t o become associated with Arthur D . Little, Inc., research chemists and engineers, of Cam bridge, Mass., as their Washington technical representative with headquar ters in the Investment Building, Wash ington, D . C. Mr. North will con tinue to obtain and assemble technical, economic, and statistical information concerning the chemical and other proc ess industries from the many active sources at Washington. Through his present association, however, similar investigations will be made directly for industrialists, as a part of the technical investigations made by the Little labo ratories for their clients. Mr. North's services are also t o be available directly t o a limited number of clients. FRANCIS L. SIMONS, until recently research director of Skinner & Sherman, Inc., is now technical director of George La Monte & Son, Nutley, N. J., manu facturers of check and safety papers. W. R. SURGEON, formerly technical di rector of the New York branch of t h e Frederick H. Levey Co., has joined the research staff of the Hilo Varnish Corp., Brooklyn, Ν . Υ., where he will be in charge of the ink vehicle department. ARTHUR
TERRY,
managing director of
Dorr-Oliver N . V. and an executive officer of the other Dorr-Oliver com panies in Europe, arrived in New York from T h e Hague on November 15. Mr. Terry is making his annual visit to his associates in the United States. While here his headquarters will be the New York office of The Dorr Co., 570 Lexington Ave.
