touching them with a platinum wire anode, the use of anti-bump boiling rods, the looped suction tube filter, the use of EDTA ss s. complexing agent and the unusually exact measurement of amount of indicator used. This book is intended far college and university teaching in the introduction course in analytical chemistry. I t ineludes enough theory and reference material to satisfy most instructors who wish t o emphasize theory. The procedures are extensive and appear thoroughly done. An outstanding quality is the evidence of wide and detailed experience of the authors. The drawings, while good, are conservative in style. There are no problems with which to give the student practice in theory.
feature materially enhances the usefulness of the work as a general laboratory guide. The above would indicate that "Organic Synthesis" would be a valuable addition to the chemists' library and this is unquestionably true. I t hss a wider coverage than "Synthetic Organic Chemistry" by Wagner and Zaok which i t most nearly resembles. On the other hand, the tables of physical constants appear to be more oomplete in the latter. Two features of the present work may be criticized. There is no index in the first volume and, in the opinion of the reviewer, its inclusion would be worth the small extra cost. There is a page of errata a t the beginning of Volume 1 but none for Volume 2. A quite brief search for specific errors showed that there are possibly quite a few of these in rrome WILLIAM MACNEVlN sections, both in the text and structural Onro S ~ n Umvmemr m formulas. To cite a few examples a t Co~rmraas,Orno random: p. 5, iaomsfor atoms(line 15) and theroetical (line 35); p. 29, a trivalent carbon in the structure of the product of the Nef reaction. Also the products shown for the acetic anhydride sodium acetate treatment in the Zemplin Method are incorrect; p. 31, the structure of one of the osaaones has CH instead of CaHr; p. 37, Hitwarth is spelled Howorth (twice). COMPOUNDS On the other hand, a number of pages in other chapters checked had no errors and Vortkes Migrdichion, Senior Research the total may well be average for a book of Chemist, Central Laboratory, American this type. Points of less importance are Cyanamid Co., Stamford, Conn. Reinthe use of rings both with and without hold Publishing Corp., New York, 1957. double bonds for benaenoid compounds Vol. 1: uviii 833 pp. Vo1. 2: xiii and a few rather poor structures, especially 83s-1822 pp. 16 X 23.5 cm. $35 for for the carbohydrates. None of these set. deficiencies seriously affect the very real value of the hooks and they, along with THISwork reoresents an effort. t,o provide n w u q > l e r ~ guldt. 10 the l i ~ c n ~ t u n : the third volume when it appears, will he among those used most frequently by the for the prvpnr.itim of q,rn+llnin z~lurntt.d practicing organic chemist who has them and uns:tlurnted c nlywlil. available. compounds, and aromatic compounds. A third volume dealing with heterocyclic ARTHUR G. ANDERSON, JR. compounds is contemplated. In contrast U~lvensl~ orr W*BHINCTON to the well-known volumes of "Organio SE*TTL.. WABHINCTOS Syntheses," the present books are not primarily a collection of laboratory directions, and experimental details are provided only for selected preparations MOLECULES AND CRYSTALS IN of a general nature or for specific comINORGANIC CHEMISTRY pounds which are illustrative. Thus the major usefulness of the work will he as A. E. van Arkel, University of Leiden, a quite thorough and well organized guide Leiden, Netherlands. Interscience Pubto the literature. 270 pp. 5 4 lishers, Inc., 1956. ix The organization fallows that of many figs. 41 tables. 14 X 22 em. $4.75. textbooks with division into chapters and sections of chapters according to functional T m s is the second edition of the volume groups or types of compounds with closely originally reviewed in THIS JOURNAL, related material kept together as much as Volume 27, p. 169, January, 1950. I t still possible. Chapter 6 provides a representacontains the faults and serious limitations tive example and includes unsubstituted which were presented in that review. The csboxylic acids, hydroxy acids, aldehyde main one of these is its continued insistence acids, keto acids, amino acids, acid on discussing molecules as though they anhydrides, de-boxylation snd d e ~ r a - were camponed of ions when an intraduedation of acids, halogenation of acids, tion of covalent theory t o a greater extent peracids, and aoyl peroxides. A further might make such discussion more profie feature is the treatment of more general able. The book has been slightly expreparative methods such t h a t separate panded but relatively little of it shows chapters deal with the Grignard reaction, any serious rewriting. This reviewer finds the Friedel-Crafts reaction, and the i t unfortunate that the volume contains dime synthesis. many statements which seem to be exAttention has been given to special tremely loose, such as: "The alkali and areas and among these are carbohydrates, alkaline earth metals are present in d l their terpenes, sterols, peptides, earotenoids, compounds as ions, and the halogens in vitamins, organo metallic8 and compounds nearly all their compounds as ions" (on of boron, silicon, arsenic e t a This p. 29); or on p. 51, "(molecules of AI*O.)
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VOLUME 34. NO. 8, AUGUST, 1957
occur in a. trigonal bipyrsmid in which the three 01- ions lie in an equilateral triangle in the plane of the meridian and the two AP+ ions lie a t the apices of the bipyramid"; or the use of the symbol Pro for the element promethium; or on p. 31 the statement "it is therefore quite easy t o see why there is a limit to the number of compounds theoretically possible." On the other hand, the book contains a very great amount of interesting material which could be read with profit by almost any teacher who is giving a course in structural chemistry. This reviewer, however, could not recommend i t for student use since the ionic point of view is so strongly overemphasized, there are so many misleading statements, and so little attempt to compare the relative merits of several theoretical approaches to the important problems which are discussed. b. I.
HARYEI MUDDCOLLEOE
CAMPBELL
C ~ ~ n m oC wA. L I P O ~ N L A
FIBRES, PLASTICS AND RUBBERS: A HANDBOOK OF COMMON POLYMERS
W. I. Roff, Britiah Cotton Industry Research Association, Academic Press, Inc., New York; Butterworths Scientific Pub. lications, London, 1956. mi 400 pp. Many tables. 1 5 X 22 cm. $10.
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SCIENTI~TS and technologists in the plastics, textile, and ruhher industries will welcome heartily this handbook on ehemical, physical, and general information on common high polymers. The unique organization of information and the broad coverage of items makes this volume a ready reference and an indispensable tool to all workers in these fields. The handbook is divided into two main parts: I. Data on Individual Polymers (tables 1 to 38); 11. Data on Specific Properties and Related Information (tables 51 to 84). Tables 1 t o 38 include 63 different polymers; tables 51 to 84 include 54 different topics. Each table of data is arranged its follows: .1 Structure, .2 Chemistry ( 2 1 preparation, .22 properties and 2 3 identification reactions), .3 Physics (.31 general properties, .32 thermal properties, .33 electrical properties, .34 mechanical properties), .4 Serviceability and Utilization, .5 History, .6 Additional notes, .7 Additional references. The tables on specific properties include Slmelure (unit, molecular weight, X-ray data), Chemistry (Preparation, Solvents, Plasticizers and Identification) and Physics (General p r o p erties, Thermal properties, Electrical properties, and Mechanical properties), Servimabilify and Utilizalim, History, and Additional Refwenees. One marvels a t the completeness of the coverage and aeemsry of the detailed data in this brief volume of 400 pages. A review of chief types of polymers, as well as a spot-check of references, shows the thoroughness of the work and the desired accuracy of its presentation. Although one finds the omission of a number of familiar American names, the most outstanding ones are mentioned. The proper use of bold-face type far
topics, the striking minimum of textual errors, together with a good index, xre items which enhance the value of this handbook. ROY G . BOSSERT 0x10 WESLGYAN UNIVERBITT DELIWIRE. om0
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TRAIT^ DE MICRO-ANALYSEMINERALE: QUALITATIVE ET QUANTITATIVE. VOLUME rn Clement Duvol. Presses Scientifiques Internationdes, Paris, 1956. 548 pp. 68figs. Tables. 17 X 24.5 cm.
phate beads and the tests by means of the blow pipe which appear on the same page (280). A feature seldom found in other u~orksof anelytieel chemistry is the frequent summary by means of graphs of data obtained through the themnobalance on the behavior of precipitates and in general of the forms of matter which the analytical chemist weighs a t various temperatures. As indicated in the review of Volume I1 of the series, the work represents an aceumulstion and systematisation of a tremendous amount of information which should be of use to all practicing chemist8 and teachers. A. A. BENEDETTl-PICHLER COLLEGE l'~usn,ua, New Yon= QUEEN.
T~18is the third volume of the series nhich the present reviewers called "Trait6 NICHOLAS D. CHERONIS Duvalique Analitique" (see THIS JOURNAL B n o o a ~ rCOLLEGE ~ 33, 519 (1956)). The present volumc BROOKLYN, NEWYDAY includes the elements iron, cobalt, nickel, the platinum metals, copper, silver, zinc, eadn~ium,and mercury. F h a t was suggested in reviewing VolHETEROCYCIIC COMPOUNDS ume I1 of the series can now he stated in VOLUME 5 plain words. The title of the series is somewhat misleading. I t is not merely a Edited by R o b e ~ C. f Elderfield, University treatise. I t is a Comprehensive Treatise of Michigan. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., of Inorganic Analysis, both Qualitative 1957. vii $ 744 pp. 16 X 23.5 cm. and Quantitative, with special emphasis $20. upon methods suited for the investigation VOLUME5 of this standard reference of small samples and the detection and work deals with fivemembered hetercestimation of trace constituents. To cyclic compounds, containing two hetero illustrate the extent and depth of coverage atoms, and their benzo derivatives. the section dealing with iron will be cited Chapter titles, authors, pages per as an example: (a) occurrence; ( b ) properties of its compounds and ions; ( e ) chapter and number of references are given below. The latter numbers are preparation of analytical solutions; ( d ) npplications and uses; ( a ) methods of only approximate, since many references dissolving samples; (f) chemical separahave several suh-references. Chap. I. l,3-Dioxolanes and Derivatives, R. C. tions (from 18 different elements or gl.oups); ( g ) chromatographio separations Elderfield tlnd F. W. Short (44 pp., 162 Pyrazoles and Related Com(both column adsorption, paper and elecref; I pounds, T. L. Jacobs (117 pp., 829 refs.); trophoresis me given in detail); (h) qualitative detection through: borax 111. Indseoles, R. C. Elderfield (32 pp., beads, flame, various types of spectra, 77 refs.); IV. Indoles and Condensed Indamles, E. S. Schipper tlnd A. R. Day microscopied tests, reactions with organic (104 pp., 254 refs.); V. Oxazole and I t s and inorganic reagents, and polarogrsphy; ( i ) quantitative estimation by: gravimIlerivatives, J . W. Cornforth (164 pp., etry (18 listed of which 8 are in detail), 363 refs.); VI. Benaoxazole and Related electrolysis, titrimetry (8 m e t h ~ d s ) ,couSystems, J. W. Cornforth (34 pp., 130 refs.); VII. Isoxazoles, R. H. Barnes lametry, amperometry, potentiometry, (32 pp., 87 refs.); and VIII. Thiazoles polarography, colorimetry, spectography and Benzthiazoles, J. M. Sprague and and activation analysis; G.) bibliography, A. H. Land (239 pp., 1014 refs.). lirtinfi530 references. The total treatThese chapters are a. welcome addition ment of iron covers 67 pages with 15 to the review literature, and the authors graphs, spectra, and chrometograms and have done a thorough and competent job 9 tables. of the presentations. Indeed, cts is eviAs indicated in the treatment for iron, the emphasis is on recent trends sueh as dent from the shove tabulation, the book sepawt,ion by extraction, electrolysis, represents several volumes in one, since column adsorption, paper chromatogsome of the chapters are themselves of raphy, and electrophoresis and use of the book lmgth, and the clear, but smilller type font selected allows far much maso-called instrumental methods of analyterial per page. Thus, although the price sis such as ~pectrography,polarography, seems high, the cost is not out of line for a colorimetry, and use of radioactivity. book of this type. The style of the In an undertaking of this %ope one should expect that omissions and errors inadauthors is concise and clear throughout, and s, goad job of proofreading and invertently appear. I n the opinion of the clusion of a general index enhance the reviewers such an omission occurs on page value of the volume. Structure formulas 280 where the well-known test for mesare used generously and effectively to eury based on precipitation upon copper assist the reader to visualhe the numerous fallowed by distillation in a capillary relationships discussed. The physical is not found. However, the meticulous makeup of the book is excellent. attention to minor detail which permeates the entire work can he judged from the I n the several items which this rediscussion of the flame test for copper and viewer checked with oare, the presentation was well documented and the total litthe description of the borax and phos-
erature and patent muroes were eonsulted. Chemical Abstmets references are generally given for articles from foreign journals which may he hard for the general reader to get at. I n every chapter, earlier major reviews are also cited. The chapters me more than a summary of synthetic results. Throughout, an attempt has been made to evaluate struet u r d features in terms of modern electronic theory, t o discuss reaction meehanisms, and to cite and discuss correlative aspects of properties. The ohoice of topics for inclusion seems appropriate, and a good balance has been struck between topics where stimulation of further work is desirable versus those in which great effort has already been concentrated. The discussions are also well halanced to include the published data, speculation, as well as known and potontial applications of the compounds discussed. I t may also he noted that the following volume of the series will extend the contents of Volume 5 to the six-memhered hcteracycles containing two hetero atoms. The most interesting aspect of a book of this type, to this reader, is the inclusion of examples of unfinished work which challenges further speculation and interest. For example (p. 182), the conversion of X-phenilcyl-2-nitrobonzenesulfonamide to 3-phenylindaeole (in 46% yield, by heating with 10% alkali) is reported in a manner which challenges the attention of those concerned with elucidation of mechanism or synthetic aspects of sueh a conversion. Other chapters have similar items which are worthy of notice. Volume 5 of "Heterocyclic Compounds" is highly recommended to libraries and individuals who require thorough reference n-orks on substances of this type. NORMAN KHARASCH U ~ ~ I V L B S I TOI F S O O T ~ E R NCALIIORFI*
Los A a c ~ ~ 7, s sC I ~ w r o n ~ u
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS. VOLUME 6 Edited by Robert C. Elderfield, UniverJohn Wiley & Sons, 753 pp. Inc., New York, 1957. vii 16 X 23.5 cm. $25.
sity of Michigan.
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VOLUME 6 of "Heterocyclic Compounds" is yet mother example of that enormous amount of literature-helps and aids with which modern American chemistry is blessed. These books are not only enormously useful to the worker in the fields discussed, because of the organization and summary presented, but they are also very valuable to others who are not directly involved with the chemistry treated. Not the least of this latter group is the ever-busy chemistry teacher who does not have the time, or is some eases the background, to keep up with the various aspects of the field. A short perusal of the volume by anyone with a fair knowledge of orgenic chemistry will afford a surprisingly clear understanding of the topics discussed even though he may not be working with the chemicals. The authors have limited themselves t o s discussion of the literature and pres(Conlinued on page A360) JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
