THE CHEMICAL W O R L D THIS WEEK bodies b> adsorption in a c o u i m n c o n t a i n ing filter aid, activated carbon, activated alumina and anhydrous s o d i u m sulfate. T h e oil is then recovered from t h e e l u a t e by removal of p e n t a n e on a steam t o n e , followed b y stripping with an inert gas. Oil containing less than O.U01r( t o c o p h e r o l is generally obtained. Anticipating a possible w a r t i m e s h o r t a g e of glycerol, R. T. Milncr, Northern Regional Research Laboratory, presented for authors R. E. Beal a n d X. II. L u d w i g a method for p r e p a r i n g from soybean oil monoglycerides suitable for use as e m u l s i fiers, eliminating necessity for free glycerol addition. T h i s consists in h y d r o l y z i n g t h e oil and esterifying one third of the t a t t y acid layer with the glycerol layer. T h e reaction can b e carried out in one vessel and the p r o d u c t compares very favorably with commercial monoglycerides. Another study from t h e XRRL. p r e sented for the» authors by H. J . D u t t o n , A. E . Bailey, H u m k o Corp., newly elected p r e s i d e n t of A O C S , receives the showed that the storage life of s o y b e a n gavel from J. R. Mays, Jr., Barrow-Agec Laboratories, retiring president oil may b e l e n g t h e n e d by adding p h y t i c acid in concentrations as l o w a s one half pound of acid per ton of oil. Although phytic acid occurs naturally in eereal and oil seeds, actual use for stabilization will probably be held in abeyance p e n d i n g routine studies on toxicity when a d d e d directly to oils. C&EN REPORTS: American Oil Chemists' Society 42nd Annual Meeting Determination of vitamin A in m a r g a rine by spectrophotometric m e t h o d s has N E W OH LE ANS.-Intelligent improveprobahly be similar in cost to the monobeen difficult because of t h e p r e s e n c e of ment of colorization of fatty oils can glyeerides, and their melting points and other absorbing materials which o b s c u r e never he effected until there is more other physical properties can be tailored the vitamin Λ maximum around ο25 milli fundamental research carried out o n the to specific applications. Flexibility is good microns. S. Coldwasser, L e v e r Bros., in mechanisms ol decolorizing, Alhert D. even at 0° C , and half the products could the absence of the authors p r e s e n t e d a Rich, Filtrol Corp., told registrants at the he stretched more than 800r/< . chromatographic method for correlating opening of t h e American Oil Chemists' St-eking a guide for segregating cottonthe vitamin A into a single* lraction sub Society meeting here May 1 to 3. Indusseed oils lor specific end uses, M. F. Stansstantially free of interfering substances. try, he said, is still painfully unaware that bury and C. L. Hoflpauir, also of SRRL. T h e question of obtaining low, free oxidation is decolorizat ion's worst enemy. haw determined the widest range of iogossypol content in cottonseed meals was It not only can cause formation of colored dine numbers ever reported, from qns c -c îà els on reverse:/, : : s o v l e n t r e c o v e r y , d i s t i l C | ^ l S % ^ n ila g ,pv e a p o r a n i t g v , a c u u m ^XÎ^'Î^\^V:Î:4 J m e a t z i l n i g , a n d t o o h t e r p ^ 5 ^ : ;^ j p c i l a o t n s n i w h c i h % v J > 5 J '} :h?ty'h'^'i ; · v i & : > < ; l U ? ^ P a ! c s t M · o d l n i g P e r s s e s , / ; vacuum deserves ex- r-^vr^^ÊM" w ;^ '.: "- « '•'." c.:\ ·. . V~v \: po lrao itn. ^"V i ;"^? "^ '^ "' - "^ ; : S vi):n ^ J Î l ^ ^ ^ w d ë r J M e a t ^ l r e s ^ ^ f " STOKES &^ ^pV hacuam ^a^ iuc itP alroce;sniE q u p i m e n , t r ( ^ g Equpimen,t ;i j iO gi^ hf^ i Vacum Çumpas^ 20, PA. F. J. S T O K E S MA^CH ^fC IH : ά Λ 45 ;" ' „ 19 !'~\ VOLUME 2 9, NO. 20 MAY 14, 1951 ">-"'," \νSpecail ^Machnieyi^^T
THE CHEMICAL WORLD THIS WEEK mersion media and the shear strength of the bonds lead to t h e conclusion that the primary bond is ionic in nature. N o work of this kind has heen done previously. In the case of carbon tetrachloride a n d acetone1 as immersion media, there is apparently a reaction taking place between them and the bonding agent, since after reconditioning t h e r e is noted an increase in wet strength. T h e oil color committee of the AO(!S discussed a t its meeting t h e failure of the new photometric method for oil color determination t o produce results corresponding with t h e Lovibond method wlien applied t o certain Texas oils, but no recommendation w a s made to alter the method. Additional work on m e t h o d s of standardization of instruments is contemplated and the desirability of establishing a secondary- color standard (perhaps cobalt chloride solution) in the red region will be studied. Award of t h e AOCS cup for highest proficiency in determining oil a n d nitro-
gen went this year to P. D . Cretien, Texas Testing Laboratory, with a 99.991 f/c proficiency. Second place w i n n e r was R. C. Pope, Pope Testing Laboratories, with 99.982 r ^ . First place winners in the oilseed series were G. R. Thompson, Southern Cotton Oil Co., cottonseed, 99.2S-rethrins. In all formulations tested, moreover, good results have been obtained by the substitution of allethrin for pyrethrins o n a weight-for-weight basis. It h a s become apparent, however. that synergists effective w i t h pyrethrins do not all work well w i t h aflethrin. W h e n pyrethrins a r e replaced b y allethrin, said Dr. Fales, it is necessary to add a syner gist for the allethrin component. Solid nonionic detergents "which can be formulated in any proportion with other solids t o give free flowing products h a v e yielded promising results in studies of fundamental detergency properties, said FL h. Suter of t h e W y a n d o t t e Chemical Corp. Carbon soil removal a n d whiteness retention tests h a v e indicated the suit ability, particularly for h a r d water deter gency, of t h e ternary system: solid nonionic d e t e r g e n t - a n ionic detergent—sodium carbovymeihyl cellulose. Fundamental detergency data, said Dr. Suter, have pro vided a foundation for t h e selection of an organic detergent base for use either in combination with builders o r for further formulation into a completely built deter gent. Such a base, studied in conjunction with s o d i u m tripolypbosphate and soda ash, h a s led to t h e formulation of a com pletely built detergent containing a solid nonionic. This composition compared favorably, according to Dr. Suter, with materials of proved effectiveness for cot ton detergency in soft or h a r d waterSpecific application of nonionics in the d r y cleaning industry 7 has progressed to a great extent during t h e last decade, George E. Barker of t h e Atlas Powder Co. reported. Nonionics have aided consid erably in decreasing t h e n u m b e r of operaAND
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