VDF PRECISION TORQUE BALANCE SPEED, ACCURACY
FINANCE
Glass Fibers Leads Increases Smaller companies show largest percentage gains in first half reports; steels show appreciable decrease * ^ Glass Fibers, showed the largest percentage gains for the first half of the year, some of the giants can be proud of their records. Largest drops in both the sales and earnings columns were chalked u p to the largest companies in group being considered this week. American Cyanamid, Union Carbide, and U. S. Steel all showed a considerable drop in the earnings column this year. Largest percentage drop was Heyden's; however, of its $4 million drop in sales, $1.6 million had been contributed last year by t h e company's antibiotics division which was sold to
profits tax, they suffered by reason of decreased earnings from the company's Chilean operations. Lion Oil states that although its n e w chemical plant near New Orleans is in operation, it was not started u p in time to make any significant contribution to first half earnings. Scott P a p e r says its sales and earning set a new first-half record. Sales of its paper products were u p 11.6% over the same period in 1953, but pulp sales did not increase so rapidly and brought the total down to only 7 . 3 % above last year. Union Carbide's decreasing sales
American Cyanamid on Dec. 1. Omitting income from this division in 1953 totals would give it a drop in sales of only 2 1 . 6 % . Allied Chemical says that adverse effect of lower demand for coke and dyes and decrease in coke oven construction was offset by sustained demand for other products and increased capacity of nitrogen and other plants. Colgate-Palmolive reports that while its world-wide sales were up $5.1 million over the first six months of last year, its domestic sales were down from $134.2 to $131.8 million. Heyden continues to hold uninvested slightly more than half of its total assets in the form of cash and equivalents, amounting to about $19.4 million. It thinks its strong cash position provides the best insurance of long term growth, although the price it pays is a low level of earnings. Kennecott says that while its earnings for the first six months of this year benefitted by elimination of the excess
were led down by sales in its alloys group which were down 36% below a year ago because of the decreased level of operations in the steel industry. Sales of other products were about 9% below the same period a year ago. U. S. Steel's income for the first six months of the year was a return of 5.6% on sales, compared with 5.5% for t h e period last year. Its shipments for t h e first half were 10.9 million net tons, compared with 12.9 million last year. Its production of steel ingots and castings in the second quarter averaged 70.7% of capacity, compared with 80.8% in the first quarter. I n terms of 1947-49 average production as 100, tonnage in the second quarter was equivalent to 98.4, compared to 112.3 in the first quarter. Youngstown Sheet's production in the second quarter was 73.5% of present rated capacity (104% of 1947-49 average) compared with 65.6% in the first quarter.
^TO-rHILE
and Easy Reading for Series The inherent speed and accuracy of these balances make them highly suitable for use in filling operation involving ampoules, capsules or powders and for weighing materials subject to atmospheric deterioration. The sensitivity, minimized oscillation of the reading hand together with the elimination of parallax errors and the absence of axle friction permits exceptionally good reproducibility. Advanced design does atoay xcith poinZ bearings or similar parts easily damaged. MODEL C
9198.00 Cat. No. 12203 O-50O mg.t max. load 2000 mg., {with attachment weights) Value of 1 scale division at 0-500 mg. is ù mg. {Other Models available up to a capacity of 22 grams with scale division values ranging from 0.002 mg. to 0.02 gr.) Accessories are available for special purposes, i.e. measuring surface tension, determining specific gravities, blood analyses. Bulletin VDF available on request. KEY TO ALL LABORATORY SUPPLIES
NEWYORK Laboratory Suly ^o^aricli-S^eet^N^vv^or^^^r^Nr^YT Tvlp:>cne: CAnal 6-650* · *
3226
SMALL
COMPANIES,
led
by
CHEMICAL
AND
ENGINEERING
NEWS
Approximately 5 0 0 Gate V a l v e s similar to these cast in 2.50/3.00% nickel steel for -150°F. service were recently shipped to a large chemical company by Chapman Valve Mfg. Co., Indian Orchard, Mass.
Ranging from 2" t o 2O" sizes in the 150, 300, 600 and 900 lb. series, and made to ASA B16 5-1953 specifications, this orcier required the melting of 500,000 lbs. of steel.
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Mm
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Why these valves stay strong at-150° F Carbon steels and m a n y alloy steels b e c o m e brittle at low temperatures.
Brinell Hardness
T h e addition of nickel, however, increases resistance of steel to sub-zero embrittlement. That's w h y Chapman V a l v e Manufacturing C o m p a n y regularly uses nickel steel for v a l v e s intended for low temperature service. Chapman produced t h e group of valves, shown above, in l o w carbon 2 . 5 0 / 3 . 0 0 % nickel steel, to assure adequate toughness under operating temperatures of - 1 5 0 ° F . Tests of s e v e n heats of this steel provided the following average mechanical properties, after double normalizing a n d tempering: T e n s i l e Strength, p.s.i
80,900
Y i e l d Strength, p.s.i
4 8 , 6 0 0 ΊΞ
153
Elongation i n 2" %>
30.3
R e d u c t i o n of Axea · All Types of Crude Mixtures • By-Products, Residues, Wastes f •
Contaminated Solvents
. ' CHEMICAI & 'ENGINEERING CO.,lnc. 'B«iL.4Z6."'Ùnton,. Ν . J .
WISCOSIALUM
BJORSTE RESEARCHLABORATORIES
OOD RESEARCH LABORATORIES, NC.
into the field of large molecules. In struments will be manufactured by ASCO Engineering of Webster, Ν . Υ., and marketed coast to coast by Bronwill. Two models are available. Model C, cyclic type, and the ASCO model Ρ pot type stills. Model C will distill liquids and solids with a molecular weight above 2 5 0 while the model Ρ is suitable for hard-to-distill liquids with a molecular weight up to 7 0 0 . Both units are portable. Ε8 • Durometers and companion control instrument, Z-224, for measuring the hardness and elasticity of rubber, are offered b y William J. Hacker & Co. Units are made in Germany. Durometers are available in various capacities to determine full range of hardness values i n the internationally accepted Shore units. Apart from standard model Z-123, with 100 Shore units, models are available on which the range is one third of the full scale. An added feature of the instrument is the optional maximum pointer which greatly facilitates otherwise awkward testing. Ε9 ί Flange immersion heaters, single and double, have been added t o Gen eral Electric's Calrod immersion heater line. Heaters, designed to operate on either a.c. or d.c. circuits at 115 or 230 volts, can be used in water baths, V O L U M E
3 2,
NO.
32
.
.
cleaning tanks, humidifiers, quench tanks, stills, sterilizers, and similar equipment. Ε 10 • Viscosity measuring i n s t r u m e n t , the
Ultra-Viscoson of Bendix Aviation, is now being offered in a complete line of indicating, recording, and control systems (see C&EN, page 1690, 1 9 5 3 ) . Consisting of a probe and a n electronic computer, the Bendix Ultra-Viscoson measures viscosity by exciting a thin alloy steel blade on the end of the probe with a short electrical pulse. Unit is being employed to control fuel blend ing, fractionation of lubricating oils, as phalt oxidation and asphalt cutback in petroleum refineries, and fuel atomization with open hearth furnaces in the steel industry. Ell • Adjustable magnifier for making ac curate readings of meniscus levels in thermometers or burets i s available through Parr Instrument. Called the Parr N o . 3003 thermometer reading lens, it can b e attached t o any 6 to 16 mm. diameter thermometer or buret. It is furnished with all Parr calorimeters and is equally useful for other precise temperature or liquid level measure ments, says company. Reader consists of a single element magnifier in a tele scopic mounting. Spring clip on outer tube serves to clamp it firmly but slidably to any vertical cylinder such as a thermometer stem. T w o large aper AUGUST
9, 1 9 5 4
UNionvjlle
2-7Î60
MICRO-ELEMENTARY ANALYSES • MICRO-INORGANIC A S S A Y S • MICRO-CHEMICAL RESEARCH TOXICOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS
DR. CARL TIEDCKE Closed During August
EVANS ι
RESEARCH A N D DEVELOPMENT CORP. Chemical Research • Products Complete Laboratory • Pilot Plant • Expert Sensory Panel Ask for NEW Scope Sheet Ε listing over 100 of our activities. 250 East 43rd Street, New York Ϊ 7 , Ν, Υ -
tures on opposite sides admit light for clear observation. Outer tube is of brass and the spring, phosphor bronze, both mat plated. Ε 12 • All purpose scaler, designed by N u clear Instrument & Chemical, is for op eration with Geiger, scintillation, or proportional counters. Instrument, known as the model 192 Ultrascaler, permits either manual or automatic counting procedures including either predetermined time or count operation or time-count operation where the count will be stopped at a preset time or preset number of counts (whichever occurs first). T h e Ultrascaler is also provided with a 60 cycle calitrating circuit for check purposes and electric ally reset timer, register, and Eagle preset time clock. Ε 13 • Heating mantles, by Glas-Col appa ratus, is made from a newly developed mantle fabric and is for temperatures to 650° C. Company says the new fab ric used in the type R mantle is ex tremely rugged, mechanically, and will easily withstand heavy, punishing us age. Applications for the new mantle include: distillation of chemicals; vaporphase cracking in tubes; high tempera ture drying and baking of enamels and paints; annealing glass, plastics, or metal; roasting and drying of catalysts; and heat treating of textiles. Ε 14 3229
