In the Classroom
Glycolysis Wordsearch Terry L. Helser Department of Chemistry, SUNY College at Oneonta, Oneonta,NY 13820-4015;
[email protected] This puzzle contains 30 names, terms, and acronyms that describe glycolysis and fermentation. Discover them by filling the blanks in the description beside the matrix. Then, find and highlight these terms in the letter matrix. (Hint: there can be words within words.) “GLYCOLYSIS” is already done for you. Afterward, use the 20 letters remaining in the matrix to complete the sentence describing this pathway. Your success will be rewarded. The answers to Glycolysis Wordsearch can be found on page 524. Good hunting!
F G L Y C E R A L D E H Y D E
E S A N E G O R D Y H E D E Y
R N C L R L X G T S 2 O C D E
M O T A A U C L R U T N S Y T
E I A C S C A Y A C A A U H A
N T T E S O T C U R F D C E V
T A E T U S A O E O E H R D U
A R S O G E B L S S N O A L R
T I A N A T O Y A E B R S A Y
I P N E R T L S T I M G E T P
O S I I N O I I C C E I D E E
N E K I T E C S A T P M A C P
F R N E G O C Y L G Y D N A C
How many other words of ≥ 3 letters can you find? Use the remaining letters to fill in the sentence:
G L Y C O L Y S I S is a C _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ pathway and a major part of A _ _ _ _ _ _ R _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. To begin, S _ _ _ _ _ _, the S _ _ _ _ on your table, is hydrolyzed by S _ _ _ _ _ _ (invertase) to F _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and G _ _ _ _ _ _. The hydrolysis of stored G _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is stimulated by _ _ _ _, the second messenger, to release glucose. Milk sugar, L _ _ _ _ _ _, can cause problems. A defect in L _ _ _ _ _ _ can cause lactose I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. Failure to convert G _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ into glucose leads to the far more serious G _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. In the pathway, glucose and fructose are converted into fructose-1,6-bisP, which is cleaved into dihydroxy _ _ _ _ _ _ _ -P and G _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _P. After several more steps, pyruvate K _ _ _ _ _ catalyzes the synthesis of P _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and _ _ _ from _ _ _ to end the pathway. In F _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ pyruvate is reduced by LDH to L _ _ _ _ _ _ in mammals. This regenerates NAD+ from _ _ _ _ to keep the pathway going. In yeast, however, pyruvate is split into _ _ _ and A _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _, which is then reduced by alcohol D _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ to ethanol and regenerates _ _ _ +. Eating _ _ _ _ _ will never be the same for you now.
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_ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _.
JChemEd.chem.wisc.edu • Vol. 78 No. 4 April 2001 • Journal of Chemical Education
503
In the Laboratory
Answers to the Glycolysis Wordsearch on page 503
F G L Y C E R A L D E H Y D E
E S A N E G O R D Y H E D E Y
R N C L R L X G T S 2 O C D E
M O T A A U C L R U T N S Y T
E I A C S C A Y A C A A U H A
N T T E S O T C U R F D C E V
T A E T U S A O E O E H R D U
A R S O G E B L S S N O A L R
T I A N A T O Y A E B R S A Y
I P N E R T L S T I M G E T P
O S I I N O I I C C E I D E E
N E K I T E C S A T P M A C P
F R N E G O C Y L G Y D N A C
GLYCOLYSIS is a CATABOLIC pathway and a major part of AEROBIC RESPIRATION. To begin, SUCROSE, the SUGAR on your table, is hydrolyzed by SUCRASE (invertase) to FRUCTOSE and GLUCOSE. The hydrolysis of stored GLYCOGEN is stimulated by cAMP, the second messenger, to release glucose. Milk sugar, LACTOSE, can cause problems. A defect in LACTASE can cause lactose INTOLERANCE. Failure to convert GALACTOSE into glucose leads to the far more serious GALACTOSEMIA. In the pathway, glucose and fructose are converted into fructose1,6-bisP, which is cleaved into dihydroxyACETONE-P and GLYCERALDEHYDE-P. After several more steps, pyruvate KINASE catalyzes the synthesis of PYRUVATE and ATP from PEP to end the pathway. In FERMENTATION pyruvate is reduced by LDH to LACTATE in mammals. This regenerates NAD+ from NADH to keep the pathway going. In yeast, however, pyruvate is split into CO2 and ACETALDEHYDE, which is then reduced by alcohol DEHYDROGENASE to ethanol and regenerates NAD+. Eating CANDY will never be the same for you now. FIRST TO EXTRACT ENERGY.
524
Journal of Chemical Education • Vol. 78 No. 4 April 2001 • JChemEd.chem.wisc.edu
