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Green Synthesis Derived CdS Quantum Dots Using Tea Leaf Extract: Antimicrobial, Bioimaging and Therapeutic Applications in Lung Cancer Cell Kavitha Shivaji, Suganya Mani, Ponnusamy Ponmurugan, Catherine S. De Castro, Matthew Lloyd Davies, Mythili Gnanamangai Balasubramanian, and Sudhagar Pitchaimuthu ACS Appl. Nano Mater., Just Accepted Manuscript • DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.8b00147 • Publication Date (Web): 09 Mar 2018 Downloaded from http://pubs.acs.org on March 12, 2018
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
Green Synthesis Derived CdS Quantum Dots Using Tea Leaf Extract: Antimicrobial, Bioimaging and Therapeutic Applications in Lung Cancer Cell Kavitha Shivaji,a Suganya Mani,a Ponmurugan Ponnusamy,b Catherine Suenne De Castro,c Matthew Lloyd Davies,c Mythili Gnanamangai Balasubramanian,a* Sudhagar Pitchaimuthu,c* a. Department of Biotechnology, K.S.Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode. 637215, Tamil Nadu. INDIA. b. Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641 046, India c. SPECIFIC, Materials Research Centre, College of Engineering, Swansea University (Bay Campus), Fabian Way, Swansea SA1 8EN, United Kingdom.
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KEYWORDS: Green synthesis; CdS QDs; Camellia sinensis extract; antimicrobial activity; bioimaging; A549 cell; apoptosis; flow cytometer. ABSTRACT Low dimensional semiconductor quantum dots (10 nm) are not suitable. Here, we demonstrate a green, biogenic synthesis route for making CdS quantum dots (QDs) with 2-5 nm particle size using tea leaf extract (Camellia sinensis) as a toxic-free particle stabilizing agent. We have explored the biological activity of these CdS QDs in different applications, namely; a) antibacterial activity b) bioimaging and c) apoptosis of lung cancer cells. The antibacterial activity of the CdS QDs has been studied against different types of bacteria growth, showing that CdS QDs effectively inhibit the bacterial growth and exhibit cytotoxicity towards A549 cancer cells when compared to a control (no QD treatment). We have compared this cytotoxicity effect on A549 cancer cells with a standard drug, cisplatin, showing comparable results. Additionally, these CdS QDs produce high contrast fluorescence images of A549 cancer cells indicating a strong interaction with the cancer cell. To further understand the role of CdS QDs in bioimaging and cytotoxicity effect in A549 cells, fluorescence emission and flow cytometry analysis were carried out. The fluorescence emission of CdS QDs were recorded with λexc= 410 nm, showing concentration dependence fluorescence emission centered at 670 nm. From the flow cytometry analysis, it is confirmed that the CdS QDs are arresting the A549 cell growth at the S phase of cell cycle, inhibiting further growth of lung cancer cell. The multifunctional advantages of Camellia sinensis extract mediated green CdS QDs will be of widespread interest in implementing in-vivo based bioimaging and therapeutic cancer treatment applications.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
Introduction Low dimensional semiconductor nanoparticles and/or quantum dots (QDs) have received great attention in cancer treatment nanotechnology. For instance, as-synthesized or modified nanoparticles are widely applied in tumor imaging, drug delivery1,2 and diagnosis and treatment of cancer3,4. In this context, low dimensional nanomaterials based nano-formulated drugs are promising candidates to treat disease via targeted drug delivery5,6. Targeted drug delivery based biological treatment is highly precise and prevents side effects originating from systemic distribution of cytotoxic drugs and effectively controls cancer cell proliferation or tumor angiogenesis7-8. Recent reports show that metal based nanoparticles can efficiently destroy cancerous cells 9, 10, 11, 12
. In particular quantum dots (QDs), show superior production of reactive oxygen
species (ROS) in biological systems
10, 13, 14
. In addition, QDs have other advantages
including; typical sizes of
