Colrulotions of Analylical Chemistry
Leieestrr F . Hamilton and Stephen G. Simpson, hoth of Massachusetts Insti-
BOOK
+
REVIEWS
Atoms, Molecules, and Chemical Change
E m s t GTlLnwald and Russell H . Johnse?~ hoth of Florida State University, Tallahassee. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englexrood 252 pp. Cliffs, New Jersey, 1960. rii Figs. and tables. 16 X 23.5 rm. Sfi.25.
+
This text is prepared for use in a onesemester oourse in ehemi~tryfor students not majoring in the sciences. The amount of suhjeot matter has been carefully limited t o empha~izedepth of understanding rather than breadth of coverage. The treatment of subject matter involves minimal use of mrathematics. The d* seriptive chemistry included is limited t o what is required to develop the theme of the book-the structure of matter and the consequences of t h a t structure. This theme is developed partly from the historical approach and partly in terms of the logical requirement,s of unfolding theory. The approaoh to chemistry in terms of kinds of suhstmce~, quantitative relationships in chemical change, and energy in chemical change is followed by the kinetic-moleculrtr theory of matter presented ss an example of how a model may he developed to clarify our understanding of macrosoopic behavior in t,erms of submicroscopic particles and processes. Considering Daltonian atomic theory and its inadequacies leads to the development of the nuclear concept of atomic structure. The limitations of Bohr theory are used to introduce tho eleotron-cloud concept of orbitals. The itrrangement of elertrons in stamp is t,hen oorrelated with the pPr-
-Reviewed
tute of Technology. McGrrtw-Hill nook Co., Inc., New York, 1960. xii 334pp. Figs. and tahles. 16 X 23.5 cm. $5.95.
iodio table. Ionic and covalent binding are then discussed with special reference t,o the genmetrio relationships of atom8 in ionic crystdls and in molecules. The changes which molecules undergo in various types of resetions are discussed with examples drawn largely from simple organic and inorganic compounds. Rate of reaction is discussed briefly. The hook elosefi with s n historical account of h o the ~ proton and neutron were discovered, current ideas about the s t n ~ c t u r e of the atomic nucleus, nuclear reactions, and nurlear energy. The traditionalist8 in our fraternity of general college chemistry teachers may he disturbed by the omi~sionof such familiar topics as ohemical equilibrium, oxidation-reduction, and thc eolligative p r o p erties of solutions. Should they desire to incorporate these additional concepts in t,heir courses for students not majoring in science, they will find it easy to do so by building on the frame-work of idwm presented in this hook. The authors have selected m interesting group of chemical concepts and have d~velopedesrh one with clarity and care. Thg. have presented t,hese oancepts in a soquenre which leads the st,udrnt from the conrret,e to t.he ahstrxct-from the riimple to t,he complcr. The text in wdl written, adeqnatek hut not lavishly illn~trated, and printed in a pleasing format. I t will serve well Ls a textbook for the college 8t,~~dent who r i l l hsvo hut one s~mcster of rollegp chemistry. EDWARD C.
FULLER
Reloit College R~loil,WTi.wonsin
The new edition of this well-known book has six pages less than t,heprevious edit,ion, although certain sections have been expanded and sections have heen added on t,hrrmorh~micitlreactions, reaction rates, and coulometric titrations. To accomplish this necessitated some deletion and/or condensation of the problems, and more extensive use of abbreviations. The reviewer has used all of the previous editions of this book as murces for supplementary discussions and problems in his elmsea. For every type of problem in his OMTI "Quantitative Analysis" specific reference is made to tho appropriate srctian in the fifth edition for stndents v h o need extra experience. T h i ~sixth edition nil1 he even more useful. Prahably few instructors would agree on what t,he details should be in such a book. Thus, t,he reviewer would have welcomed mention of the "Graphic Table of Logarithms and Antilogarithms" hy La Croix and Rngot, of rirndar logarithmic calculat,ors, and of the sp~cifioc~tion of concentrat,ian of a salut,ion in t,erms of grams of solut,e per gram of sohtion for tit,rations xith "weight" burets. Proldlcms might a.rll hsvc been included for some of the currmtly popular organic eomplexing tit,rant.s. The rrviewcr does not share thp allthors' helief in the merits of the normal ~ y s t e m of specifying eoncentrat.ion, or ehnmicxl reaotivity, of titrants. The cquivslent masses of sodium carbonate and orfhophosphorio acid (page 34) are not irrvariablp qunntitirs. The pennangamate ion may t , a k ~on a t least one, thrre, four, or five rl~ctrons, whieh means a t least four different eqniwlent. weights. What is a normal solution of pota~sium cyanide soh>tionas a ~recipitantor complrxant in the follo\\ing cases?
in This Issue
Ernest Gruntoald and R~~ssell H. Johnsen, Atoms, hloleeules, and Chemical Change Leicester F. Hornillon and W q h m G. Simpson, C n l n ~ l ~ t i oof n sAnalytical Chemistry Karol J. Mynels, Introduction to Colloid Chcmi~try J . C. D. Brond and J . C . Sprakman, Molecular Structure: The Physical .4pproach Cha1.1e.vE. Reid, Principles of Chemical Thermodynamics A. J. Berry, Henry Cavendish: His Life and Scientific Work R . Be!chcr and A . .I. Nutten, Quantitative Inorganic Andysis Edmad L. Bazrer, A Statistical Manual for Chemists Cad Djerassi,Optical Rotatory Dispersion: .4pplications to Organic Chemistry James R. Jones and George A. Hnwkins, Enginwring Thrrmodynamics: An Introdurtory Texthook Milton J . Rosen and Henru A . Goldsmith, Chemical Analysis. Volome 12: Systematic Analysis of Surface-.4ctive Agenbs Rene .4udubert, and Serge de Mende, The Principles of Electrophorcsia Lena 9 . Lewis, Electrophoresis in Physiology C. B. Anfinsen, Jr., M.L. Anson, Kenneth Bailey, and John 1'. Edaall, Editors, Advances in Protein Chemistry. Volume 14
Either the formula---eight (formular) or the titer ~ y s t e mavoids such uncertaintips, and the simplest csleulntion of percrntsgo is Vol. (or mam) of titrant X titer (gm) X 100 Sample (gm)
.
=
%
The ASTM-SAS approved statement of the Bouguer (not Lctmhert)-Beer relationship is A = abe, in whieh A is ahsorhanco (not optical densit,y). Filter phot,omcter is preferable to "photoelect,ric calorimeter" hecause for years the famous Zeiss and Leitz instruments have been visual, and to physicists colorimet,ers are tristimulus matching instruments. A8 before, the reviewer rncommends this hook.
M. G. MELLON Purdue Unwersity Lajayette, Indiana Volume 38, Number 1 , January 1961
/
49
