INDUSTRIAL
AND ENGINEERING
Cragoe, International Critical Tables, Vol. 111,p. 246, McGrawHill, 1926. Manchester, 5, 550 (1801). Dalton, Mem. Literary Phil. SOC. Davis, IND.ENQ.CHEM.,17, 735 (1925); Chemist-Analyst, 20, No. 3, 7 (1931). Duhring, “Neue Grundgesetse zur rationellen Physik und Chemie,” Erste Folge, Leipsig, 1878. Hass and Newton, “Handbook of Chemistry and Physics,” 17th ed., p. 1039, Chemical Rubber Publishing Co., Cleveland, 1932. Henglein, 2. physik. Chem., 98, 1 (1921). Hildebrand, J . Am. Chem. Soc., 37, 970 (1915).
CHEMISTRY
Vol. 26, No, 4
Kirchhoff, Ann. Physik, 103, 186 (1868). Lenth, J. Am. Chem. SOC.,55, 3283 (1933). Maxwell, IND. ENQ.CHEM.,24, 502 (1932). Nernst, “Theoretical Chemistry,” Codd’s English Ed., p, 816, Macmillan, 1923. (15) Ramsay and Young, Phil. -lZag., [ 5 ] 20, 515 (1885); 21, 33, 22, 37 (1886). [4] 2oo (1866). (16) (I7) Ravenscroft~IND.EsG. 21i 1203 (Ig2’). (18) Wilson, Ibid., 20, 1363 (1928). (19) Wilson and Bloomquist, Ibid., Anal. Ed., 4, 136 (1932). (11) (12) (13) (14)
313
RECEIVED October 23. 1933.
Heat Content of Gases from 0” to 1900” C. GUY €3. TAYLOR, E. I. d u P o n t d e N e m o u r s & Company, Inc., Wilmington, Del, ALCLL.1 TIOSS for processes involving heating or cooling by or with gases ordinarily require a knowledge of the heat content-. g., how many calories or pound Centigrade units (P. C. U.) are required to heat a given quantity of some gas mixture from t 1 ° to 12’. Except for the case of saturated steam, reference books give no tables for heat content but supply instead data or formulas for specific heat. In engineering calculations specific heat values are not useful as such but must be translated into terms of heat content. The tables given here are convenient for heat calculations. The heat contents for the individual gases were calculated by integrating Bryant’s’ equations for specific heat a t constant pressure. The specific heat equations are all given in the form: C, = A BT + CT2 (1) where A, B, and C are constants
C
+
which upon integration becomes, between the limits’ TI
Tz
=
H
TABLE
TEMP,
c. 0
--COn-H
+ BT dT + CT2.dT
300
3000
400
4120
500
5292
600
6512
A
700
7773
688
800
9072
705
900
10403
722
1000
1176 1
737
1100
13142
752
1200
14539
766
1300
15950
779
1400
17368
791 *
1500
18788
802
1600
20206
812
1700
21616
82 1
1800
23015
xRn _._
1900
24395
TEMP
c. 0
-H?H
0
100
693
200
1388
300
2088
400
2791
500
3498
600
4210
io0
4928
800 900
1000
5652 6383 7121
1100
7866
1200
8620
1300
9383
1400
10155
1500
10937
1600
11730
1700
12534
1800
13349
1900
14177
1
IND.
(Calories per gram mole) ,-----O?--,----NzH A €1 A 0 0 707 693 707 685 728 695 1435 1386 749 700 2184 2102 767 703 2951 283 1 784 707 3735 3575 800 712 4535 4331 814 718 5349 5100 826 724 6175 5879 837 73 1 7012 6670 847 73s 7859 7471 854 745 8713 8281
__
7.54 .
763 772 782 793 804 815 828
___ Xfi 1
9574 10439 11308 12178 13049 13918 14785 15646
ENG.C H E M . , as, 820 (1933)
865
869 870 871 869
867 861
9100 9926 10761 11602
12448 13300 14157 15017
A 685 701 716 729 744 756 769 779 791
so1 810
___ x19
826 835 84 1 846 852 857
860
,--COP H 0 688 1393 2115 2852 3604 4370 5149 5940 6742 7554 8375 9205 10041 10885 11734 12588 13445 14305 15167
836 844 849 854 857
860 862
H
0 935
DX.%TohfIc GASES
-CHIA
1936
TABLEI. HEATCOXTEXTS OF
+ B/2T2 + C/3T3
AT
O F POLYATONIC
G~SES
(In calories per gram mole)
100
A.dT
=
11. HEATCONTENTS
200
= JlT2
0,
Tables I amd I1 give heat contents in calories per gram mole (P. C. U.per pound mole) from 0 ” C. to the indicated temperature. Differences for each 100” are given for interpolation purposes. The calculations were made by using five-place log tables. The constants are given in Table 111. The formulas, and consequently the values above 1500” C., are less reliable than below this temperature.
The heat content from this form of equation is: H
=
T:
0
935
873
1001 1064 1120 1172 1220
1261 1299 1331 1358 1381 1397 1411 1418 1420 1418 1410 1399 1380
1893 3053 4344 5756 7284 8917 10648 12469 14370 16343 18380 20474 22615 24793 27003 29236 31482 33733
--HL--
‘-C?Hz-A
H
0
873
1141
1020
2365
1160
3669
1291
5049
1412
6497
1528
8010
1633
9582
1731
11208
1821
12881
1901
14597
1973
16352
2037
18138
2094
19953
2141 2178 2210
A
21789 23641
2233 2246 2251
25505 27374 29244 31110
II
A
0
1141 1224 1304 1380 1448 1513 1572 1626 1673 1716 1755 1786 1815 1836 1852 1864 1869 1870 1866
791 1613 2465 3345 4253 5189 6152 7141 8155 9194 10258 11344 12453 13585 14738 15911 17105 18318 19549
79 1 8 22 852 880 908 936 963 989 1014 1039 1064 1086 1109 1133 1153 1173 1194 1213 1231
TABLE 111. CONSTANTS USED IN FORMCLAS GAS Ha 0%
N2
co coz
HzO
CHI CzHz
A 6.88 6.26 6.30 6.25 6.85 6.89 3.38 8.28
66 2746 1819 2091
XSRR ....
3283 17905 10501
f 279 770 345 459 -2475 ~. 343 -4188 -2644
-
33.0 1373.0 909.5 1045.5 4266.5
iSii.5
8952.5 5250.0
+- 256.67 93.00 --
115.00 153.00 X25.00 ii4.33 -1396.00 881.00
-
RECEWEDDecember 6, 1933. This paper is Contribution 135 from the Experimental Station of E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company.
