ARTICLE pubs.acs.org/ac
High-Throughput Selection, Enumeration, Electrokinetic Manipulation, and Molecular Profiling of Low-Abundance Circulating Tumor Cells Using a Microfluidic System Udara Dharmasiri,†,‡ Samuel K. Njoroge,†,‡ Mazgorzata A. Witek,†,‡ Morayo G. Adebiyi,‡ Joyce W. Kamande,†,‡ Mateusz L. Hupert,†,‡ Francis Barany,|| and Steven A. Soper*,†,‡,§,^ †
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Center for Bio-Modular Multi-Scale Systems, Louisiana State University, 8000 GSRI Road, Building 3100, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70820-7403, United States ‡ Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, 232 Choppin Hall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, United States § Department of Mechanical Engineering, Louisiana State University, 2508 P. Taylor Building, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-6413, United States Department of Molecular Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States ^ School of Nano-Bioscience and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
bS Supporting Information ABSTRACT: A circulating tumor cell (CTC) selection microfluidic device was integrated to an electrokinetic enrichment device for preconcentrating CTCs directly from whole blood to allow for the detection of mutations contained within the genomic DNA of the CTCs. Molecular profiling of CTCs can provide important clinical information that cannot be garnered simply by enumerating the selected CTCs. We evaluated our approach using SW620 and HT29 cells (colorectal cancer cell lines) seeded into whole blood as a model system. Because SW620 and HT29 cells overexpress the integral membrane protein EpCAM, they could be immunospecifically selected using a microfluidic device containing anti-EpCAM antibodies immobilized to the walls of a selection bed. The microfluidic device was operated at an optimized flow rate of 2 mm s-1, which allowed for the ability to process 1 mL of whole blood in
