Historic Textile and Paper Materials - ACS Publications - American

Downloaded by CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH on May 15, 2013 | http://pubs.acs.org Publication Date: February 1, 1986 | doi: 10.1021/ba-1986-0212.fw001

Historic Textile and Paper Materials

In Historic Textile and Paper Materials; Needles, H., et al.; Advances in Chemistry; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1986.



ADVANCES

IN

CHEMISTRY

SERIES

Historic Textile and Paper Materials Downloaded by CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH on May 15, 2013 | http://pubs.acs.org Publication Date: February 1, 1986 | doi: 10.1021/ba-1986-0212.fw001

Conservation and Characterization Howard L. Needles, EDITOR University of California, Davis

S. Haig Zeronian, EDITOR University of California, Davis

Developed from a symposium sponsored by the Cellulose, Paper, and Textile Division at the 188th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, August 27-29, 1984

American Chemical Society, Washington, DC 1986


212


L i b r a r y of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication D a t a

Historic textile and paper materials. (Advances in chemistry series, ISSN 0065-2393; 212) "Developed from a symposium sponsored by the Cellulose, Paper, and Textile Chemistry Division at the 188th Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, August 27-29, 1984." Includes bibliographies and indexes. 1. Textile fabrics—Conservation and restoration-Congresses. 2. Paper—Preservation—Congresses. I. Needles, Howard L. II. Zeronian, S. Haig. III. American Chemical Society. Cellulose, Paper and Textile Division. IV. American Chemical Society. Meeting (188th: 1984: Philadelphia, Pa.) V. Series. QD1.A355 no. 212 [TS1449] [677'.028] ISBN 0-8412-0900-6

540 s

85-20094

Copyright © 1986 American Chemical Society All Rights Reserved. The appearance of the code at the bottom of the first page of each chapter in this volume indicates the copyright owner's consent that reprographic copies of the chapter may be made for personal or internal use or for the personal or internal use of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition, however, that the copier pay the stated per copy fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 27 Congress Street, Salem, MA 01970, for copying beyond that permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent does not extend to copying or transmission by any means— graphic or electronic—for any other purpose, such as for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating a new collective work, for resale, or for information storage and retrieval systems. The copying fee for each chapter is indicated in the code at the bottom of the first page of the chapter. The citation of trade names and/or names of manufacturers in this publication is not to be construed as an endorsement or as approval by ACS of the commercial products or services referenced herein; nor should the mere reference herein to any drawing, specification, chemical process, or other data be regarded as a license or as a conveyance of any right or permission, to the holder, reader, or any other person or corporation, to manufacture, reproduce, use, or sell any patented invention or copyrighted work that may in any way be related thereto. Registered names, trademarks, etc., used in this publication, even without specific indication thereof, are not to be considered unprotected by law. PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA


Advances in Chemistry Series Downloaded by CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH on May 15, 2013 | http://pubs.acs.org Publication Date: February 1, 1986 | doi: 10.1021/ba-1986-0212.fw001

Μ. Joan Comstock, Series Editor Advisory Board Harvey W. Blanch University of California—Berkeley

Donald E. Moreland USDA, Agricultural Research Service

Alan Elzerman Clemson University

W. H . Norton J. T. Baker Chemical Company

John W. Finley Nabisco Brands, Inc.

James C . Randall Exxon Chemical Company

Marye Anne Fox The University of Texas—Austin

W. D . Shults Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Martin L. Gorbaty Exxon Research and Engineering Co.

Geoffrey K. Smith Rohm & Haas Co.

Roland F. Hirsch U.S. Department of Energy

Charles S. Tuesday General Motors Research Laboratory

Rudolph J. Marcus Consultant, Computers & Chemistry Research

Douglas B. Walters National Institute of Environmental Health

Vincent D. McGinniss Battelle Columbus Laboratories

C. Grant Willson IBM Research Department



FOREWORD The

A D V A N C E S IN C H E M I S T R Y SERIES was founded in 1949

by

the American Chemical Society as an outlet for symposia and collections of data in special areas of topical interest that could not be accommodated i n the Society's journals. It provides a medium for symposia that w o u l d otherwise be fragmented because their papers w o u l d be distributed among several journals or not published at all. Papers are reviewed critically according to A C S editorial standards and receive the careful attention and processing characteristic of A C S publications. Volumes in the A D V A N C E S IN C H E M I S T R Y SERIES maintain the

integrity of the symposia on which they are based; however, verbatim reproductions of previously published papers are not accepted. Papers may include reports of research as well as reviews, because symposia may embrace both types of presentation.



ABOUT T H E EDITORS

H O W A R D L . N E E D L E S is professor of textile

and materials science and textile chemist in the Experiment Station at the University of California, Davis. H e is a graduate of the University of California, Riverside (A.B.), and the University of Missouri, C o l u m b i a (Ph.D.). After receiving his degrees, he joined the Wool and Mohair Laboratory of the Western Regional Research Laboratory of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and conducted basic research in the areas of organic, protein, and polymer chemistry. Since becoming a faculty member at the University of California, Davis, in 1969, he has done research on fiber and polymer science, including fiber modification through chemical treatment and polymer grafting, dye-fiber interactions, dye analysis on natural fibers, environmental degradation of undyed and d y e d textiles, and fiber-polymer composites. H e has published more than eighty papers in these areas. H e was visiting professor at North Carolina State University, Raleigh, in 1975-76 and at the University of Leeds, England, in 1982-83. H e is currently program chairman for the Cellulose, Paper, and Textile Division of the American Chemical Society.



S. H A I G Z E R O N I A N

is professor of

textile

science and professor of mechanical engineering, as w e l l as textile chemist in the A g r i cultural Experiment Station and chair of the Division of Textiles and Clothing, all at the University of California, Davis, California. His former posts include research associate i n the Research and Development Division of the C o l u m b i a Cellulose C o m p a n y , Canada (196668); senior research fellow i n nonwoven fabrics at the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology, E n g l a n d (196366); research fellow i n cellulose chemistry at the Institute of Paper Chemistry, Wisconsin; research fellow i n fibre bonding at the University of Manchester, England; and research officer at the British Cotton Industry Research Association, Manchester, E n g l a n d . H e graduated f r o m Manchester University, England, with a B.Sc. Tech. i n textile chemistry (1953), M.Sc. Tech. in textile chemistry (1955), P h . D . in cellulose chemistry (1962), and D.Sc. in polymer and fibre science (1983). As well as being a fellow of the Textile Institute since 1979, S. H a i g Zeronian was a visiting professor of forest resources at the University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, i n 1982, and visiting scientist w i t h the Western Regional Research Laboratory, Berkeley, California, from 1974 to 1975. H e has over 70 publications in the scientific literature.


Historic Textile and Paper Materials - ACS Publications - American

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