Index, Volume 74, 1997: Subject Index - Journal of Chemical

Subject Index • Volume 74 • 1997

Subject Index Acid–Base Chemistry Anthocyanins: A Colorful Class of Compounds. (JCE Classroom Activity) October, 1176A– 1176B. Carlton, Terry S. Why and How To Teach Acid– Base Reactions without Equilibrium. August, 939–941. Carter, Henry A. The Chemistry of Paper Preservation Part 4. Alkaline Paper. May, 508– 511. Chiriac, Veronica; Balea, Gabriel. Buffer Index and Buffer Capacity for a Simple Buffer Solution. August, 937–939. DeMeo, Stephen. Does Copper Metal React with Acetic Acid? July, 844–846. Diemente, Damon. Why Is Bismuth Subchloride Soluble in Acid? (AA) April, 398–399. Flowers, Paul A. Potentiometric Measurement of Transition Ranges and Titration Errors for Acid/Base Indicators. July, 846–847. García-Doménech, R.; de Julián-Ortiz, J. V.; Antón-Fos, G. M.; Gálvez-Alvares, J. Dissociation Constant for a Monoprotic Acid. (LTE) August, 899. Glaister, P. Titration Cure Analysis: Some Observations. (LTE) July, 760–761. Halstead, Judith A. Rain, Lakes, and Streams—Investigating Acidity and Buffering Capacity in the Environment. (JCE Classroom Activity) December, 1456A– 1456B. Hickman, Raymond J. S.; Neill, Jane. Influence of pH on Drug Absorption from the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Simple Chemical Model. July, 855–856. Pacer, Richard A. The Coupling of Related Demonstrations To Illustrate Principles in Chemical Kinetics and Equilibrium. May, 543–544. Proksa, Miroslav. The Sodium Rainbow. (TD) August, 942. Ramette, Richard W. Dissociation Constant for a Monoprotic Acid. (LTE) August, 880. Riyazuddin, P.; Devika, D. Potentiometric Acid– Base Titrations with Activated Graphite Electrodes. October, 1198–1199. Ruzicka, Jaromir. The Seventies—Golden Age for Ion Selective Electrodes. (Waters Symposium) February, 167–170. Schaeffer, Richard W.; Chan, Benny; Molinaro, Michael; Morissey, Susan; Yoder, Claude H.; Yoder, Carolyn S.; Shenk, Stephanie. Synthesis, Characterization, and Lewis Acidity of SnI2 and SnI4. May, 575–577. Stock, John T. The Pathway to the Ostwald Dilution Law. July, 865–867. Tierney, John; Peacock, Lori; Sorkin, Erica; Ware, Susan. The pH of Sweat of Horses: A Student-Devised Study by Science and Health Science Majors. September, 1135– 1137. Tierney, John; Peacock, Lori; Sorkin, Erica; Ware, Susan. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1135. (Corrections) November, 1256. Young, C. C. Evolution of Blood Chemistry Analyzers Based on Ion Selective Electrodes. (Waters Symposium) February, 177–182.

Administrative Clevenger, John. Collaboration: Why Participate in an Unnatural Act? (2YC3) August, 898. CPT Special Report: Survey of Ph. D. Programs in Chemistry. (CPT) November, 1260–1262. Kenkel, John. A University President’s Perspective on Recruitment, Retention, and Quality. (2YC 3) April, 377–378. NSF Instrumentation and Laboratory Improvement Grants in Chemistry. January, 29. Report from ACS Division of Chemical Education. (ACS) December, 1395.

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Smith, Henry M. A Federal Perspective on Community Colleges. (2YC3) November, 1264. Susskind, Tamar Y. Is Articulation from Twoto Four-year Colleges an Allowed or a Forbidden Transition? (2YC 3) October, 1156– 1157.

Analytical Chemistry Allen, Heather C.; Brauers, Theo; Finlayson-Pitts, Barbara J. Illustration of Deviations in the Beer–Lambert Law in an Instrumental Analysis Laboratory: Measuring Atmospheric Pollutants by Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometry. December, 1459–1462. Almy, John; Alverez, R. Martínez; Fernández, A. Herrera; Vázquez, A. Sánchez. Useful Examples for Discussion of Proton-NMR Spectroscopy: N-Substituted α-Aminobenzenebutanenitriles—Anisotropy of Diastereotopic Methylene Protons. December, 1479–1482. Boiko, V. P. An Apparatus for Fast Dilution. April, 439–440. Carmosini, Nadia; Ghoreshy, Sanaz; Koether, Marina C. The Gravimetric Analysis of Nickel Using a Microwave Oven. August, 986–987. Charles, Melissa J.; Martin, Nea W.; Msimanga, Huggins Z. Simultaneous Determination of Aspirin, Salicylamide, and Caffeine in Pain Relievers by Target Factor Analysis. September, 1114–1117. Chiriac, Veronica; Balea, Gabriel. Buffer Index and Buffer Capacity for a Simple Buffer Solution. August, 937–939. Clarke, David W. Acetone and Ethyl Acetate in Commercial Nail Polish Removers: A Quantitative NMR Experiment Using an Internal Standard. December, 1464–1465. Conradi, S.; Vogt, C.; Rohde, E. Separation of Enantiomeric Barbiturates by Capillary Electrophoresis Using a Cyclodextrin Containing Run Buffer. September, 1122–1125. da Rocha, Rogério T.; Gutz, Ivano G. R.; do Lago, Claudimir L. A Low-Cost and High-Performance Conductivity Meter. May, 572–574. Dunn, Jeffrey G.; Phillips, David N.; van Bronswijk, Wilhelm. An Exercise To Illustrate the Importance of Sample Preparation in Chemical Analysis. October, 1188–1190. Escandar, Graciela M.; Sala, Luis F. Rigorous Potentiometric Determination of Metal Complexes Stability Constants: An Undergraduate Laboratory Practice. November, 1329– 1331. Flowers, Paul A. Potentiometric Measurement of Transition Ranges and Titration Errors for Acid/Base Indicators. July, 846–847. Gilles de Pelichy, Laurent D.; Adam, Carl; Smith, Eugene T. Analysis of the Essential Nutrient Strontium in Marine Aquariums by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: An Undergraduate Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Exercise. October, 1192–1194. Herrera-Melián, José Alberto; Doña-Rodríguez, José Miguel; Hernández-Brito, Joaquín; Peña, Jesús Pérez. Voltammetric Determination of Ni and Co in Water Samples. December, 1444–1445. Karger, Barry L. HPLC: Early and Recent Perspectives. (Waters Symposium) January, 45– 48. Kelter, Paul B.; Grundman, Julie; Hage, David S.; Carr, James D.; Castro-Acuña, Carlos Mauricio. A Discussion of Water Pollution in the United States and Mexico; with High School Laboratory Activities for the Analysis of Lead, Atrazine, and Nitrate. December, 1413–1421. Leenson, I. A. Identification of Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Alcohols: An Experiment in Spectrophotometry, Organic Chemistry, and Analytical Chemistry. April, 424–425.

Journal of Chemical Education • Vol. 74 No. 12 December 1997

Malherbe, Johannes S.; Meyer, Cornelius J. A Mini-Qualitative Carbohydrate Analysis Session. November, 1304–1305. Martin, R. Bruce. Disadvantages of Double Reciprocal Plots. October, 1238–1240. May, Michael A.; Gupta, Vijay K. Electrochemistry “Discovery” Course for Undergraduates. July, 824–828. Muddiman, David C.; Bakhtiar, Ray; Hofstadler, Steven A.; Smith, Richard D. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Instrumentation and Applications. (TICI) November, 1288–1292. Muyskens, Mark A.; Sevy, Eric T. The Remarkable Resilience of Beer’s Law. September, 1138. Nóbrega, Joaquim A.; Rocha, Fábio R. P. Ionic Strength Effect on the Rate of Reduction of Hexacyanoferrate(III) by Ascorbic Acid: A Flow Injection Kinetic Experiment. May, 560–562. Novick, S. G. Complexometric Titration of Zinc: An Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. December, 1463. Orna, Mary Virginia. Doing Chemistry at the Art/Archaeology Interface: 1996 Norris Award Address. April, 373–376. Pandey, Siddharth; Powell, Joyce R.; McHale, Mary E. R.; Acree, William E., Jr. Quantitative Determination of Cr(III) and Co(II) Using a Spectroscopic H-Point Standard Addition Method. July, 848–850. Ramírez López, Elena G.; Albores-Velasco, Martha. Quantification of Polystyrene Acylation by IR Spectroscopy: An Experiment on Polymer IR Analysis. May, 551–552. Riyazuddin, P.; Devika, D. Potentiometric Acid– Base Titrations with Activated Graphite Electrodes. October, 1198–1199. Snow, Nicholas H.; Dunn, Maureen; Patel, Sohita. Determination of Crude Fat in Food Products by Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Gravimetric Analysis. September, 1108– 1111. Snyder, Lloyd R. Modern Practice of Liquid Chromatography: Before and after 1971. (Waters Symposium) January, 37–44. Stolzberg, Richard J. Screening and Sequential Experimentation: Simulations and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Experiments. February, 216–220. Sugata, Setsuro; Abe, Yoshihiro. An Analogue Column Model for Nonlinear Isotherms: The Test Tube Model. April, 406–409. Thompson, Lynn; Veening, Hans; Strein, Timothy G. Capillary Electrophoresis in the Undergraduate Instrumental Analysis Laboratory: Determination of Common Analgesic Formulations. September, 1117–1121. Thompson, Lynn; Veening, Hans; Strein, Timothy G. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1117–1121. (Corrections) December, 1384. Van Doren, Jane M.; Nestor, Lisa P.; Knighton, W. Berk. Engaging Students in the Action of Chemistry: An Effective, Fun, and Inexpensive Outreach Program. October, 1178– 1179. Vitha, Mark F.; Carr, Peter W. A Laboratory Exercise in Statistical Analysis of Data. August, 998–1000. Vogt, C.; Conradi, S.; Rohde, E. Determination of Caffeine and Other Purine Compounds in Food and Pharmaceuticals by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography. September, 1126–1130. Walczak, Mary M.; Dryer, Deborah A.; Jacobson, Dana D.; Foss, Michele G.; Flynn, Nolan T. pH Dependent Redox Couple: Illustrating the Nernst Equation Using Cyclic Voltammetry. October, 1195–1197. Weidenhamer, Jeffrey D. Environmental Projects in the Quantitative Analysis Lab. December, 1437–1440.

Volume 74 • 1997 • Subject Index Wheeler, John F.; Wheeler, Sandra K.; Wright, Laura L. Electrochemical Measurements in the Undergraduate Curriculum. (NSF) January, 72–73. Wong, Jon W.; Ngim, Kenley K.; Shibamoto, Takayuki; Mabury, Scott A.; Eiserich, Jason P.; Yeo, Helen C. H. Determination of Formaldehyde in Cigarette Smoke. September, 1100–1103. Yang, Min J.; Orton, Maureen L.; Pawliszyn, Janusz. Quantitative Determination of Caffeine in Beverages Using a Combined SPME-GC/MS Method. September, 1130– 1132. Yappert, M. Cecilia; DuPré, Donald B. Complexometric Titrations: Competition of Complexing Agents in the Determination of Water Hardness with EDTA. (OPD) December, 1422–1423. Young, C. C. Evolution of Blood Chemistry Analyzers Based on Ion Selective Electrodes. (Waters Symposium) February, 177–182.

Applications and Analogies Arnáiz, Francisco J. The Membrane Analogy for Surface Tension in Liquids. (AA) November, 1358. Diemente, Damon. Why Is Bismuth Subchloride Soluble in Acid? (AA) April, 398–399. Garofalo, Anthony. Housing Electrons: Relating Quantum Numbers, Energy Levels, and Electron Configuration. (AA) June, 709–710. Garritz, Andoni. The Painting–Sponging Analogy for Chemical Equilibrium. (AA) May, 544–545. Jasien, Paul G. Chemical Behavior. (AA) August, 943. Kimbrough, Doris R. The Photochemistry of Sunscreens. (AA) January, 51–53. Kimbrough, Doris R. Hot and Spicy vs. Cool and Minty as an Example of Organic Structure–Activity Relationships. (AA) July, 861– 862. Pendarvis, Richard. The Traveling Electron. (AA) April, 396. Thoben, Dianne A.; Lowry, Thomas H. An Analogy To Assist Understanding of Splitting Patterns in NMR. (AA) January, 68. Wynn, Charles M., Sr. Heat Flow vs. Cash Flow: A Banking Analogy. (AA) April, 397.

Aqueous Solution Chemistry Baird, N. Colin. Free Radical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions: Examples from Advanced Oxidation Processes for Wastewater from the Chemistry in Airborne Water Droplets. July, 817–819. Carlton, Terry S. Why and How To Teach Acid– Base Reactions without Equilibrium. August, 939–941. Clark, Charles R. A Stopped-Flow Kinetics Experiment for Advanced Undergraduate Laboratories: Formation of Iron(III) Thiocyannate. October, 1214–1217. DeMeo, Stephen. Does Copper Metal React with Acetic Acid? July, 844–846. Diemente, Damon. Why Is Bismuth Subchloride Soluble in Acid? (AA) April, 398–399. Roesky, Herbert W. Chemistry “en miniature”. April, 399–400. Siders, Paul. Calorimetric Determination of Aqueous Ion Enthalpies. February, 235–236.

Aromaticity/Aromatics Glukhovtsev, Mikhail. Aromaticity Today: Energetic and Structural Criteria. January, 132–136. Kikuchi, Shigeaki. A History of the Structural Theory of Benzene—The Aromatic Sextet Rule and Hückel’s Rule. February, 194–201. Kikuchi, Shigeaki. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 194. (Corrections) May, 480.

Association Reports: 2YC3 Bentsen, Ken. Filling the Void: Community Colleges Give Millions of Students the Chance To Succeed. (2YC3 ) July, 753. Clevenger, John. Collaboration: Why Participate in an Unnatural Act? (2YC3) August, 898. Clinton, Bill. Opening College Doors to All Americans: Excerpts from Remarks at San Jacinto Community College. (2YC3) December, 1392–1393. Jones, Richard F. Notes from the Chair. (2YC3) May, 489. Kenkel, John. A University President’s Perspective on Recruitment, Retention, and Quality. (2YC3) April, 377–378. Smith, Henry M. A Federal Perspective on Community Colleges. (2YC3) November, 1264. Susskind, Tamar Y. Is Articulation from Twoto Four-year Colleges an Allowed or a Forbidden Transition? (2YC3) October, 1156– 1157.

Association Reports: AAAS Bell, Jerry A. Who Will Prepare Tomorrow’s Science Teachers? How? (AAAS) January, 14.

Association Reports: ACS Bell, Jerry A. Report from the Chair of the Board of Publication. (ACS) August, 896. Report from ACS Division of Chemical Education. (ACS) December, 1395. Schwartz, A. Truman. The Biennial Conferences on Chemical Education: Looking Back at Clemson and Forward to Waterloo. (ACS) July, 751. Wildeman, Tom. Highlights of the Las Vegas ACS Meeting. (ACS) November, 1266–1267.

Association Reports: CPT CPT Special Report: Survey of Ph. D. Programs in Chemistry. (CPT) November, 1260–1262.

Association Reports: CUR Halstead, Judith A. Council on Undergraduate Research: A Resource (and a Community) for Science Educators. (CUR) February, 148– 149. Halstead, Judith A. An Investment in Tomorrow: Undergraduate Research Students Meet Members of Congress. (CUR) August, 892–893. Halstead, Judith A. What Is Undergraduate Research? (CUR) December, 1390–1391.

Atomic Properties/Structure Garofalo, Anthony. Housing Electrons: Relating Quantum Numbers, Energy Levels, and Electron Configuration. (AA) June, 709–710. Kotz, John C.; Young, Susan. Periodic Table Live!: Chemistry Navigator Upgrade. (JCE SOFT) April, 445–447. Lorenz, Julie K.; Olson, Joel A.; Campbell, Dean J.; Lisensky, George C.; Ellis, Arthur B. A Refrigerator Magnet Analog of ScanningProbe Microscopy. (JCE Classroom Activity) September, 1032A–1032B. Matsuyama, Yukinori; Yasuoka, Takashi; Mitsuzawa, Syunmei; Sasaki, Tunetaka. Observation of Magnetic Repulsion Acting on Nitrogen Bubble on Water Surface—A Simple Experiment of Studying Diamagnetic Property of Nitrogen. (TD) August, 943. Ochiai, Ei-Ichiro. Global Metabolism of Elements: Principles and Applications in Bioinorganic Chemistry—XI. August, 926–930. Parker, Janice. VSEPR Theory Demo. (TD) July, 776. Pendarvis, Richard. The Traveling Electron. (AA) April, 396. Rapp, Carl Steven. Getting Close with the Instructional Scanning Tunneling Microscope. September, 1087–1089.

Treptow, Richard S. Determination of ∆H for Reactions of the Born–Haber Cycle. August, 919–922. Tsaparlis, Georgios. Atomic and Molecular Structure in Chemical Education: A Critical Analysis from Various Perspectives of Science Education. August, 922–925. Tsarevsky, Nicolay V.; Slaveykova, Vera; Manev, Stefan; Lazarov, Dobri. The Onium Compounds. June, 734–736.

Biochemistry Beck, John F.; Bunbury, David L. DNA Sequencing. (JCE SOFT) March, 346–347. Beck, John F.; Bunbury, David L. DNA Sequencing Update. (JCE SOFT) December, 1503–1504. Berry, Stephan. “Biochemical Predestination” as Heuristic Principle for Understanding the Origin of Life. August, 950–951. Brown, Jason; Gorga, Frank R. Enzyme Lab: A Virtual Lab for Enzyme Kinetics. (JCE SOFT) July, 871–872. Bylkas, Sheri A.; Andersson, Laura A. Microburger Biochemistry: Extraction and Spectral Characterization of Myoglobin from Hamburger. April, 426–430. Carter, Pamela J.; Ciftan, Suzanne A.; Sistare, Mark F.; Thorp, H. Holden. Perfect Strangers: Inorganic Photochemistry and Nucleic Acids. (SYM) June, 641–645. Chowdhry, Babur; Leharne, Stephen. Simulation and Analysis of Differential Scanning Calorimetry Output: Protein Unfolding Studies 1. February, 236–241. Deal, S. Todd; Hurst, Michael O. Utilizing Isolation, Purification, and Characterization of Enzymes as Project-Oriented Labs for Undergraduate Biochemistry. February, 241– 242. Durham, Bill; Millett, Frank. Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complexes and the ElectronTransfer Reactions of Metalloproteins. (SYM) June, 636–640. Howell, Joseph; deLannoy, Peter. An Undergraduate Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiment: The Multistep Synthesis of a Modified Nucleoside. August, 990–991. Jones, Colleen M. An Introduction to Research in Protein Folding for Undergraduates. (CIB) November, 1306–1310. Martin, R. Bruce. Disadvantages of Double Reciprocal Plots. October, 1238–1240. Mega, T. L.; Carlson, C. B.; Cleary, D. A. Following Glycolysis Using 13 C NMR: An Experiment Adaptable to Different Undergraduate Levels. December, 1474–1476. Netzel, Thomas L. Electron Transfer Reactions in DNA. (SYM) June, 646–651. Ochiai, Ei-Ichiro. Global Metabolism of Elements: Principles and Applications in Bioinorganic Chemistry—XI. August, 926– 930. Parrill, Abby L.; Gervay, Jacquelyn. Fostering Curiosity-Driven Learning through Interactive Multimedia Representations of Biological Molecules. September, 1141–1142. Schatz, Paul F. Some Food for Thought. (ROJ) July, 746–747. Senozan, N. M.; Christiano, M. P. Iron As Nutrient and Poison. September, 1060–1063. Stein, Paul J. The Sweetness of Aspartame: A Biochemistry Lab for Health Science Chemistry Courses. September, 1112–1113. Voige, William H. Extraction and Assay of Ornithine Decarboxylase: A Laboratory Experiment That Introduces Principles of Radiochemical Enzymatic Assay. August, 988–990. Yarger, J. L.; Nieman, R. A.; Bieber, A. L. NMR Titration Used to Observe Specific Proton Dissociation in Polyprotic Tripeptides: An Undergraduate Biochemistry Lab. February, 243–246.

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Subject Index • Volume 74 • 1997 Bioorganic/Bioinorganic Addison, Anthony W. Electron-Counting Rules for Transition Metal-Nitric Oxide Complexes. November, 1354–1356. Bugg, Timothy D. H.; Lewin, Andrew M.; Catlin, Eric R. Regiospecific Ester Hydrolysis by Orange Peel Esterase: An Undergraduate Experiment. January, 105–107. Bylkas, Sheri A.; Andersson, Laura A. Microburger Biochemistry: Extraction and Spectral Characterization of Myoglobin from Hamburger. April, 426–430. Durham, Bill; Millett, Frank. Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complexes and the ElectronTransfer Reactions of Metalloproteins. (SYM) June, 636–640. Ochiai, Ei-Ichiro. The Manifestation of the Evolutionary Pressure in Bioinorganic Chemistry: Principles and Applications in Bioinorganic Chemistry—IX. March, 348– 354. Ochiai, Ei-Ichiro. Electron Transport in Proteins and DNAs: Principles and Applications in Bioinorganic Chemistry—X. May, 600– 604. Ochiai, Ei-Ichiro. Global Metabolism of Elements: Principles and Applications in Bioinorganic Chemistry—XI. August, 926– 930. Senozan, N. M.; Christiano, M. P. Iron As Nutrient and Poison. September, 1060–1063. Smith, Marion W.; Brown, Renee; Smullin, Steven; Eager, Jon. Photosensitized Peroxidation of Lipids: An Experiment Using 1H-NMR. December, 1471–1473.

Biophysical Chemistry Martin, R. Bruce. Disadvantages of Double Reciprocal Plots. October, 1238–1240. Netzel, Thomas L. Electron Transfer Reactions in DNA. (SYM) June, 646–651. Starzak, Michael E. Illustrating Chemical Kinetic Principles with Ion Motions in Thin Membranes. April, 410–413.

Biotechnology Drouin, Jacques; Costante, Jeanne; GuibéJampel, Eryk. A Thermostable Microbial Enzyme for Fast Preparative Organic Chemistry: The Preparation of (R )-(+)-1phenylethanol from (±)-1-phenylethyl Pentanoate and n-Butanol. August, 992–995. Duong, Michelle H.; Penrod, Samuel L.; Grant, Stanley B. Kinetics of p-Nitrophenol Degradation by Pseudomonas sp.: An Experiment Illustrating Bioremediation. December, 1451–1454.

Bonding Theory Bacskay, George B.; Reimers, Jeffrey R.; Nordholm, Sture. The Mechanism of Covalent Bonding. December, 1494–1502. Box, Vernon G. S.; Yu, Hing Wan. π-Electron Delocalization in Organic Molecules with C– N Bonds. November, 1293–1296. Glaister, P. Two Comments on Bond Angles. September, 1086. Kikuchi, Shigeaki. A History of the Structural Theory of Benzene—The Aromatic Sextet Rule and Hückel’s Rule. February, 194–201. Kikuchi, Shigeaki. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 194. (Corrections) May, 480. Nelson, Peter G. Valency. April, 465–470. Reimers, Jeffrey R.; Bacskay, George B.; Nordholm, Sture. The Basics of Covalent Bonding. (JCE SOFT) December, 1503–1504. Shusterman, Gwendolyn P.; Shusterman, Alan J. Teaching Chemistry with Electron Density Models. July, 771–776.

Calorimetry Chowdhry, Babur; Leharne, Stephen. Simulation and Analysis of Differential Scanning

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Calorimetry Output: Protein Unfolding Studies 1. February, 236–241. Jansen, Michael P. How Efficient Is a Laboratory Burner in Heating Water? (F&R) February, 213–215. Muyskens, Mark A. An Integrated-Circuit Temperature Sensor for Calorimetry and Differential Temperature Measurement. July, 850–853. Siders, Paul. Calorimetric Determination of Aqueous Ion Enthalpies. February, 235–236. Sundheim, B. R. Sensitivity to Experimental Parameters via Spreadsheets. (CBB) March, 328. Treptow, Richard S. Determination of ∆H for Reactions of the Born–Haber Cycle. August, 919–922.

Catalysis Birdwhistell, Kurt R.; Lanza, Joann. Simple Synthesis and Use of a Nickel Alkene Isomerization Catalyst: An Advanced Lab in Inorganic/Organometallic Chemistry. May, 579–581. Brisbois, Ronald G.; Batterman, William G.; Kragerud, Scott R. Synthesis of Tetrahydro2-(2-propynyloxy)-2H-pyran: Illustrating Markownikov Addition, Protecting Groups, and Advanced 1H-NMR Phenomena. (ML) July, 834–835. Bunjes, Alex; Eilks, Ingo; Pahlke, Manfred; Ralle, Bernd. On the Disproportionations of Cyclohexene and Related Compounds. November, 1323–1325. Hahn, Roger C. Conversion of an Alkyl Chloride to a Bromide (or Vice Versa) by Homogeneous Nucleophile Exchange. (ML) July, 836–838. Kimbrough, Doris R.; Magoun, Mary Ann; Langfur, Meg. A Laboratory Experiment Investigating Different Aspects of Catalase Activity in an Inquiry-Based Approach. February, 210–212. Rob, Abdul; Ball, Andrew S.; Tuncer, Munir; Wilson, Michael T. Novel Applications of Peroxidase. February, 212. Smoot, Alison L.; Lindquist, David A. Properties of Zeolite A Obtained from Powdered Laundry Detergent: An Undergraduate Chemistry Experiment. May, 569–570.

Chemical Education Research Abraham, Michael R.; Craolice, Mark S.; Graves, A. Palmer; Aldhamash, Abdulwali H.; Kihega, Joann G.; Gil, Julieta G. Palma; Varghese, Valsamma. The Nature and State of General Chemistry Laboratory Courses Offered by Colleges and Universities in the United States. May, 591–594. Arnáiz, Francisco J. Assessment of Knowledge. (LTE) December, 1384. Ayas, Alipasa; Demirbas, Ayhan. Turkish Secondary Students’ Conceptions of Introductory Chemistry Concepts. May, 518–521. Barrow, Gordon M. An Essential Recognition: Two Valid Introductory Chemistries. October, 1154–1155. Bowen, Craig W.; Phelps, Amy J. Demonstration-Based Cooperative Testing in General Chemistry: A Broader Assessment-of-Learning Technique. June, 715–719. Bunce, Diane M.; Robinson, William R. Research in Chemical Education—the Third Branch of Our Profession. (CER) September, 1076–1079. Bunce, Diane M.; Robinson, William R. Research in Chemical Education—the Third Branch of Our Profession. (CER) September, 1076–1079. Coppola, Brian P.; Eg¯e, Seyhan N.; Lawton, Richard G. The University of Michigan Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum 2. Instructional Strategies and Assessment. January, 84–94. CPT Special Report: Survey of Ph. D. Programs in Chemistry. (CPT) November, 1260–1262.


Dimitrov, Roumen Ivanov; Mateeva, Boyanka Tsankova. Some Prerequisites for Achieving Better Results in Teaching Chemical Technology at the University Level. August, 944– 945. Dobson, Geoffrey P. Reshaping the Teaching of Science: A Scientist’s Perspective. April, 453– 454. Dougherty, Ralph C. Grade/Performance Contracts, Enhanced Communication, Cooperative Learning and Student Performance in Undergraduate Organic Chemistry. June, 722–726. Eg¯e, Seyhan N.; Coppola, Brian P.; Lawton, Richard G. The University of Michigan Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum 1. Philosophy, Curriculum, and the Nature of Change. January, 74–83. Johnstone, A. H. Chemistry Teaching—Science or Alchemy? 1996 Brasted Lecture. March, 262–268. Kogut, Leonard S. Using Cooperative Learning To Enhance Performance in General Chemistry. June, 720–722. Leventis, Nicholas; Hanna, Samir B.; SotiriouLeventis, Chariklia. A Three-Dimensional Energy Surface for the Conformational Inversion of Cyclohexane. July, 813–814. Maroto, Beatriz; Camusso, C.; Cividini, M. Evaluation of Learning Processes in an Organic Chemistry Course. October, 1233– 1234. Moody, Anne E.; Foster, Kimberly A. The Organic Lab: A Status Quo Report and a TwoSemesters-in-One Approach. May, 587–591. Moore, John W. Can We Teach Reasoning? Should We? (Editorial) April, 365. Moore, John W. Assessment, Achievement, and Understanding. (Editorial) May, 477. Moore, John W. Has Chemical Education Reached Equilibrium? (Editorial) June, 613. Moore, John W. Scholarship in Chemical Education. (Editorial) July, 741. Moore, John W. Balancing the Forest and the Trees. (Editorial) November, 1253. Nicoll, Gayle. “Chemical Free” Foods: An Investigation of Students’ Definitions of a Chemical. April, 455–460. Nordholm, Sture. In Defense of Thermodynamics—An Animate Analogy. March, 273–275. Phelps, Amy J.; LaPorte, Mark M.; Mahood, Aileen. Portfolio Assessment in High School Chemistry: One Teacher’s Guidelines. May, 528–531. Ramsey, Linda L.; Radford, David L.; Deese, William C. Experimenting with Interdisciplinary Science. (NSF) August, 946–947. Rizzuto, Gaspard T.; Walters, Fred H. Cheating Probabilities on Multiple Choice Tests. October, 1185. Robinson, William R. A View of the Science Education Research Literature. (ROJ) January, 16. Robinson, William R. A View of the Science Education Research Literature. June, 622. Robinson, William R. A View of the Science Education Research Literature. November, 1265. Russell, Arlene. Symposium on Systemic Reform in Chemistry. November, 1268. Sanger, Michael J.; Greenbowe, Thomas J. Students’ Misconceptions in Electrochemistry: Current Flow in Electrolyte Solutions and the Salt Bridge. July, 819–823. Scudder, Paul H. Database vs. Expert System Teaching Paradigms: Using Organic Reaction Mechanisms To Teach Chemical Intuition. July, 777–781. Taft, Hessy L. National Curriculum Survey of College General Chemistry (1993). May, 595– 599. Tsaparlis, Georgios. Atomic and Molecular Structure in Chemical Education: A Critical Analysis from Various Perspectives of Science Education. August, 922–925.

Volume 74 • 1997 • Subject Index Chemical Information Bowyer, Walter J.; Kaydos, Janet A. A Novel Format for Seminar during the Senior Year of the College Chemistry Curriculum. February, 184–185. Drake, Bruce D.; Acosta, Gracia M.; Smith, Richard L., Jr. An Effective Technique for Reading Research Articles—The Japanese KENSHU Method. February, 186–188. Dunstan, Marie; Bassinger, Pat. An Innovative Model: Undergraduate Poster Sessions by Health Professional Majors as a Method for Communicating Chemistry in Context. September, 1067–1069. Heinhorst, Sabine; Cannon, Gordon. Report from Nature. (ROJ) January, 13. Heinhorst, Sabine; Cannon, Gordon. Report from Nature. (ROJ) May, 490. Matthews, Fred J. Chemical Literature: A Course Composed of Traditional and Online Searching Techniques. (CII) August, 1011– 1014. Nicoll, Gayle. “Chemical Free” Foods: An Investigation of Students’ Definitions of a Chemical. April, 455–460. Nurrenbern, Susan C.; Robinson, William R. Cooperative Learning: A Bibliography. June, 623–624. Robinson, William R. A View of the Science Education Research Literature. (ROJ) January, 16. Robinson, William R. A View of the Science Education Research Literature. November, 1265. Rossi, Francis M. Writing in an Advanced Undergraduate Chemistry Course: An Assignment Exploring the Development of Scientific Ideas. April, 395–396. Schmidt, Michael H. Using “Household Chemistry Projects” To Develop Research Skills and To Teach Scientific Writing. April, 393– 395. Thomsen, Volker B. E. Report from The Physics Teacher. (ROJ) August, 897. Thorson, Gail M. Journal of Chemical Education on CD-ROM, September–December 1996. (JCE SOFT) January, 128. Thorson, Gail M. Journal of Chemical Education on CD-ROM, 1997. (JCE SOFT) November, 1375–1376. Toby, Sidney. Chemistry in the Public Domain: A Plethora of Misinformation—or, Don’t Believe Everything You Read in the Newspapers! November, 1285–1287.

Chemical Information Instructor Matthews, Fred J. Chemical Literature: A Course Composed of Traditional and Online Searching Techniques. (CII) August, 1011– 1014.

Chemistry behind the News Doyle, Ellin. Olestra? The Jury’s Still Out. (CBN) April, 370–372. Doyle, Ellin. Trans Fatty Acids. (CBN) September, 1030–1032.

Chemistry for Kids Davis, Scott A.; George, Arnold. Chemistry for Children: A Program in Precollege Chemistry for Elementary and Middle School Teachers. (CFK) January, 59–61.

Chromatography Bylkas, Sheri A.; Andersson, Laura A. Microburger Biochemistry: Extraction and Spectral Characterization of Myoglobin from Hamburger. April, 426–430. Karger, Barry L. HPLC: Early and Recent Perspectives. (Waters Symposium) January, 45– 48. Klausen, Jörg; Meier, Markus A.; Schwarzenbach, René P. Assessing the Fate of Organic Contaminants in Aquatic Environments:

Mechanism and Kinetics of Hydrolysis of a Carboxylic Ester. December, 1440–1444. Poon, Thomas; Mundy, Bradford P.; McIntyre, Jean; Woods, Lesley; Favaloro, Frank G., Jr.; Goudreau, Christina A. Kinetic vs. Thermodynamic Control in the Dehydration of 2Methylcyclopentanol: A Two-Part Laboratory Experiment Utilizing the Grignard Reaction and GC-MS. October, 1218–1219. Rubinson, Judith F.; Neyer-Hilvert, Jennifer. Integration of GC/MS Instrumentation into the Undergraduate Laboratory: Separation and Identification of Fatty Acids in Commercial Fats and Oils. September, 1106–1108. Shusterman, Alan J.; McDougal, Patrick G.; Glasfeld, Arthur. Dry-Column Flash Chromatography. October, 1222–1223. Siegrist, Eleanor; Anderson, Guy. Analysis of Mouthwash. (F&R) May, 567–568. Snyder, Lloyd R. Modern Practice of Liquid Chromatography: Before and after 1971. (Waters Symposium) January, 37–44. Sugata, Setsuro; Abe, Yoshihiro. An Analogue Column Model for Nonlinear Isotherms: The Test Tube Model. April, 406–409. Thompson, Lynn; Veening, Hans; Strein, Timothy G. Capillary Electrophoresis in the Undergraduate Instrumental Analysis Laboratory: Determination of Common Analgesic Formulations. September, 1117–1121. Thompson, Lynn; Veening, Hans; Strein, Timothy G. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1117–1121. (Corrections) December, 1384. Van Arman, Scott A.; Thomsen, Marcus W. HPLC for Undergraduate Introductory Laboratories. January, 49–50. West, Steven P.; Poon, Thomas; Anderson, Jamey L.; West, Michele A.; Foote, Christopher S. Extraction, Isolation and Characterization of Fullerene C60: A Safe and Reliable Separation Experiment. (F&R) March, 311– 312. Wong, Jon W.; Ngim, Kenley K.; Shibamoto, Takayuki; Mabury, Scott A.; Eiserich, Jason P.; Yeo, Helen C. H. Determination of Formaldehyde in Cigarette Smoke. September, 1100–1103. Yang, Min J.; Orton, Maureen L.; Pawliszyn, Janusz. Quantitative Determination of Caffeine in Beverages Using a Combined SPME-GC/MS Method. September, 1130– 1132.

Collaborative Learning Bowen, Craig W.; Phelps, Amy J. Demonstration-Based Cooperative Testing in General Chemistry: A Broader Assessment-of-Learning Technique. June, 715–719. Dougherty, Ralph C. Grade/Performance Contracts, Enhanced Communication, Cooperative Learning and Student Performance in Undergraduate Organic Chemistry. June, 722–726. Kogut, Leonard S. Using Cooperative Learning to Enhance Performance in General Chemistry. June, 720–722. Nurrenbern, Susan C.; Robinson, William R. Cooperative Learning: A Bibliography. June, 623–624. Robinson, William R. A View of the Science Education Research Literature. June, 622.

Computational Chemistry Hansen, John C.; Kouri, Donald J.; Hoffman, David K. A Spreadsheet Template for Quantum Mechanical Wavepacket Propagation. (TECH) March, 335–342. Kim, Jae Hyun. Alkanes in Motion. (JCE SOFT) August, 1015. Machuca-Herrera, Juan O. Nonlinear Curve Fitting Using Spreadsheets. (CBB) April, 448–449. McDowell, Sean A. C. Using Maple To Obtain Analytic Expressions in Physical Chemistry. (CBB) December, 1491–1493.

Reed, B. Cameron. Variational Treatment of Attractive Central Power-Law Potentials. August, 935–936. Rioux, Frank. Numerical Methods for Finding Momentum Space Distributions. May, 605– 606. Shusterman, Gwendolyn P.; Shusterman, Alan J. Teaching Chemistry with Electron Density Models. July, 771–776. Sundheim, B. R. Sensitivity to Experimental Parameters via Spreadsheets. (CBB) March, 328. Zeegers, Petrus. The Use of MO Calculations To Teach Students Some Concepts of Aromatic Substitution Reactions. March, 299– 301.

Computer Assisted Instruction Bailey, Ronald A.; Desai, Sudhen B.; Hepfinger, Norbert F.; Hollinger, Henry B.; Locke, Peter S.; Miller, Kenneth J.; Deacutis, James J.; VanSteele, Donald R. Simultaneous Recording of Multiple Cooling Curves. June, 732–733. Beck, John F.; Bunbury, David L. DNA Sequencing. (JCE SOFT) March, 346–347. Box, Vernon G. S.; Yu, Hing Wan. π-Electron Delocalization in Organic Molecules with C– N Bonds. November, 1293–1296. Brown, Jason; Gorga, Frank R. Enzyme Lab: A Virtual Lab for Enzyme Kinetics. (JCE SOFT) July, 871–872. Busboom, Sally Young. Project Longhorn: A Pilot Project in the Use of Batch Computing in High School Chemistry Teaching. October, 1181–1184. Garritz, Andoni. The Painting—Sponging Analogy for Chemical Equilibrium. (AA) May, 544–545. General Chemistry Collection for Students on CD-ROM. (JCE SOFT) February, 191–193. Kahn, D.; Viswanathan, R. Study of Molecular Cluster in Undergraduate Physical Chemistry. August, 982–984. Kim, Jae Hyun. Alkanes in Motion. (JCE SOFT) August, 1015. Martin, John S. Periodic Table Games. (JCE SOFT) March, 346–347. Matthews, Fred J. Chemical Literature: A Course Composed of Traditional and Online Searching Techniques. (CII) August, 1011– 1014. Mayer, Ludwig A. Solid State Structures. (JCE SOFT) September, 1144. Mayer, Ludwig A. Solid State Structures. (JCE SOFT) October, 1246. Parrill, Abby L.; Gervay, Jacquelyn. DiscoveryBased Stereochemistry Tutorials Available on the World Wide Web. March, 329. Ramette, Richard W. FactGAME. (JCE SOFT) March, 346–347. Rapp, Carl Steven. Getting Close with the Instructional Scanning Tunneling Microscope. September, 1087–1089. Reimers, Jeffrey R.; Bacskay, George B.; Nordholm, Sture. The Basics of Covalent Bonding. (JCE SOFT) December, 1503–1504. Ricci, Robert W.; Van Doren, Jane M. Using Dynamic Simulation Software in the Physical Chemistry Laboratory. November, 1372– 1374. Rioux, Frank. Enriching Quantum Chemistry with Mathcad. (JCE SOFT) August, 1016. Ritter, David; Johnson, Michael. Virtual Titrator: A Student-Oriented Instrument. January, 120–123. Robinson, William R.; Tejchma, Joan F. A Window on the Solid State: Part I: Structures of Metals; Part II: Unit Cells of Metals; Part III: Structures of Ionic Solids; Part IV: Unit Cells of Ionic Solids. (JCE SOFT) September, 1143. Robinson, William R.; Tejchma, Joan F. A Window on the Solid State: Part I: Structures of Metals; Part II: Unit Cells of Metals; Part III: Structures of Ionic Solids; Part IV: Unit Cells of Ionic Solids. (JCE SOFT) October, 1245.


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Subject Index • Volume 74 • 1997 Ruekberg, Ben. Computation of Vapor Pressure. (LTE) January, 8. Russell, Joel W.; Kozma, Robert B.; Jones, Tricia; Wykoff, Joann; Marx, Nancy; Davis, Joan. Use of Simultaneous-Synchronized Macroscopic, Microscopic, and Symbolic Representations To Enhance the Teaching and Learning of Chemical Concepts. March, 330– 334. Sanger, Michael J.; Greenbowe, Thomas J. Students’ Misconceptions in Electrochemistry: Current Flow in Electrolyte Solutions and the Salt Bridge. July, 819–823. Smith, William R.; Missen, Ronald W. Using Mathematica and Maple To Obtain Chemical Equations. November, 1369–1371. Whisnant, David M.; McCormick, James A. Lake Study for Windows Update. (JCE SOFT) July, 871–872.

Computer Bulletin Board Lundberg, Peter. Educational NMR Software. (CBB) December, 1489–1491. Machuca-Herrera, Juan O. Nonlinear Curve Fitting Using Spreadsheets. (CBB) April, 448–449. McDowell, Sean A. C. Using Maple To Obtain Analytic Expressions in Physical Chemistry. (CBB) December, 1491–1493. Pavlis, Robert R. Kinetics without Steady State Approximations. (CBB) September, 1139– 1140. Riley, Scott A.; Nishimura, A. M. An Inexpensive Photon Counter Interface for the Personal Computer. (CBB) October, 1243–1244. Scharberg, Maureen A.; Cox, Oran E.; Barelli, Carl A. Creating and Using a Consumer Chemical Molecular Graphics Database: The “Molecule of the Day”—A Great Way To Begin Your Lecture. (CBB) July, 869–870. Sundheim, B. R. Sensitivity to Experimental Parameters via Spreadsheets. (CBB) March, 328.

Concepts in Biochemistry Jones, Colleen M. An Introduction to Research in Protein Folding for Undergraduates. (CIB) November, 1306–1310.

Conductivity Berenato, Gregory; Maynard, David F. A Simple Audio Conductivity Device. April, 415–417. Boiko, V. P. An Apparatus for Fast Dilution. April, 439–440. Bunting, Roger K.; Swarat, Karsten; Yan, DaJing; Finello, Duane. Synthesis and Characterization of a Conducting Polymer: An Electrochemical Experiment of General Chemistry. April, 421–423. Burns, Danny; Lewis, Don. A Quantitative Conductance Apparatus. May, 570–571. da Rocha, Rogério T.; Gutz, Ivano G. R.; do Lago, Claudimir L. A Low-Cost and High-Performance Conductivity Meter. May, 572–574. El Seoud, Omar A.; Bazito, Reinaldo C.; Sumodjo, Paulo T. Kinetic Solvent Isotope Effect: A Simple, Multipurpose Physical Chemistry Experiment. May, 562–565. Gruber, Jonas; de Santana, Henrique; Gruber, Isaac; Gazotti, Wilson, Jr. Easily Built LowCost Apparatus To Measure Polymer Conductivity. April, 418–421. Nelson, P. G. Quantifying Electrical Character. September, 1084–1086. Stock, John T. The Pathway to the Ostwald Dilution Law. July, 865–867.

Conferences Cohen, Paul S.; Cohen, Brenda H. Discovering Las Vegas. August, 890–891. Harwood, William S.; Zdravkovich, Vera; Boucher, Laurence. Issues in Gateway Chemistry Courses: A Statewide Conference on Chemical Curriculum Reform. July, 755–756.

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Schwartz, A. Truman. The Biennial Conferences on Chemical Education: Looking Back at Clemson and Forward to Waterloo. (ACS) July, 751. Wildeman, Tom. Highlights of the Las Vegas ACS Meeting. (ACS) November, 1266–1267.

Consumer Chemistry Dunstan, Marie; Bassinger, Pat. An Innovative Model: Undergraduate Poster Sessions by Health Professional Majors as a Method for Communicating Chemistry in Context. September, 1067–1069. Hocking, Martin B. Vanillin: Synthetic Flavoring from Spent Sulfite Liquor. September, 1055–1059. Hocking, Martin B. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1055–1059. (Corrections) December, 1384. Hutchison, S. G.; Hutchison, F. I. Radioactivity in Everyday Life. May, 501–505. Jasien, Paul G. Chemical Behavior. (AA) August, 943. Scharberg, Maureen A.; Cox, Oran E.; Barelli, Carl A. Creating and Using a Consumer Chemical Molecular Graphics Database: The “Molecule of the Day”—A Great Way To Begin Your Lecture. (CBB) July, 869–870. Shaw, Ralph. A Chemist’s Gift Guide. December, 1412. Smoot, Alison L.; Lindquist, David A. Properties of Zeolite A Obtained from Powdered Laundry Detergent: An Undergraduate Chemistry Experiment. May, 569–570.

Coordination Chemistry Addison, Anthony W. Electron-Counting Rules for Transition Metal–Nitric Oxide Complexes. November, 1354–1356. Bocarsly, Andrew B.; Chang, Clark C.; Wu, Ying; Vicenzi, Edward P. Inorganic Photolithography: Interfacial Multicomponent Pattern Generation. (SYM) June, 663–667. Casas, José María; Martín, Antonio. Simple Preparation of Palladium(II) Complexes and Determination of Their Structures by Infrared Spectroscopy. November, 1327–1328. Erre, Liliana Strinna; Micera, Giovanni; Glowiak, Tadeusz; Kozlowski, Henryk. Chromium(III) Acetate, Chromium(III) Acetate Hydroxide or µ3-Oxo-esakis-(µ2-acetylO,O′)-triaqua-trichromium(III) Acetate? Determining the Structure of a Complex Compound by Analytical and Spectroscopic Methods. April, 432–435. Mitchell, Philip C. H. Metal Complexes of EDTA: An Exercise in Data Interpretation. October, 1235–1237. Nelson, Peter G. Valency. April, 465–470. Parry, Robert W. Sheldon Shore, Small Boranes, and Ammonia. May, 512–518. Piguet, Claude. Paramagnetic Susceptibility by NMR: The “Solvent Correction” Removed for Large Paramagnetic Molecules. July, 815–816. Urriolabeitia, Esteban P. Coordination Chemistry of Pd (II) Complexes with P-Donor Ligands: An Introduction to Synthesis and Structural Characterization in Coordination Chemistry. March, 325–327. Venkataraman, D.; Du, Yuhua; Wilson, Scott R.; Hirsch, Keith A.; Zhang, Peng; Moore, Jeffrey S. A Coordination Geometry Table of the d-Block Elements and Their Ions. August, 915–918. Yappert, M. Cecilia; DuPré, Donald B. Complexometric Titrations: Competition of Complexing Agents in the Determination of Water Hardness with EDTA. (OPD) December, 1422–1423.

Corrections Battino, Rubin. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 408. (Corrections) July, 761. Hart, David M. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, A226. (Corrections) November, 1256.


Hocking, Martin B. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1055–1059. (Corrections) December, 1384. Kikuchi, Shigeaki. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 194. (Corrections) May, 480. Kneas, Kristi A.; Xu, Wenying; Demas, J. N.; DeGraff, B. A. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 696. (Corrections) September, 1024. Osterby, Bruce R.; McKelvey, Ronald D. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 260. (Corrections) August, 900. Thompson, Lynn; Veening, Hans; Strein, Timothy G. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1117–1121. (Corrections) December, 1384. Tierney, John; Peacock, Lori; Sorkin, Erica; Ware, Susan. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1135. (Corrections) November, 1256.

Cost Effective Teacher Cady, Susan G. Use of Pom Pons to Illustrate Cubic Crystal Structures. (CET) July, 794– 795. Jacobs, Stephen F. Challenges of Everyday Spectra. (CET) September, 1070. Shevlin, Charles G.; Coppersmith, Ward; Fish, Christopher; Block, Stanley; Vellema, William. Low-Cost Constant-Temperature Heating Block. (CET) August, 958–960.

Crystallography Butera, R. A.; Waldeck, D. H. X-Ray Diffraction Investigation of Alloys. January, 115–119. Cady, Susan G. Use of Pom Pons to Illustrate Cubic Crystal Structures. (CET) July, 794– 795. Hardgrove, George L. Teaching Space Group Symmetry through Problems. July, 797–799. Ladd, M. F. C. The Language of Lattices and Cells. April, 461–465. Laing, Michael. An Inexpensive Kit for Constructing Models of Crystals. July, 795–796. Parry, Robert W. Sheldon Shore, Small Boranes, and Ammonia. May, 512–518. Pope, Christopher G. X-Ray Diffraction and the Bragg Equation. January, 129–131. Suh, Il-Hwan; Park, Koon Ha; Jensen, William P.; Lewis, David E. Molecules, Crystals, and Chirality. July, 800–805.

Curricular Change Digest Sauder, Deborah; Towns, Marcy Hamby; Stout, Roland; Long, George; Zielinski, Theresa Julia. Physical Chemistry Students Explore Nonlinear Curve Fitting Online: An Experiment in Developing an Intercollegiate Learning Community. (CCD) March, 269–270. Silverstein, Todd P.; Hudak, Norman J.; Chapple, Frances H.; Goodney, David E.; Brink, Christina P.; Whitehead, Joyce P. Scientific Communication and the Unified Laboratory Sequence. (CCD) February, 150– 152.

Curriculum Archer, Ronald D.; Wood, John S.; Cook, Michael J.; Lamet, Maryelise S. UEA/UMass Interchange Program, 1978 to Date. (ECSA) May, 486–488. Bowen, Craig W.; Phelps, Amy J. Demonstration-Based Cooperative Testing in General Chemistry: A Broader Assessment-of-Learning Technique. June, 715–719. Bowyer, Walter J.; Kaydos, Janet A. A Novel Format for Seminar during the Senior Year of the College Chemistry Curriculum. February, 184–185. Cody, Jason A.; Hagerman, Michael E. Transforming Graduate Education: A New Vision of the Professoriate—The Preparing Future Faculty Program. May, 525–528. Comeford, Lorrie. Writing Assignments in Physical Chemistry. April, 392. Coppola, Brian P.; Eg¯e, Seyhan N.; Lawton, Richard G. The University of Michigan Un-

Volume 74 • 1997 • Subject Index dergraduate Chemistry Curriculum 2. Instructional Strategies and Assessment. January, 84–94. Craig, Arnold. Chemical Perspectives and Practice: A Chemistry Content Course for Prospective Teachers within the Framework of a State Systemic Initiative. (NSF) September, 1075. Eg¯e, Seyhan N.; Coppola, Brian P.; Lawton, Richard G. The University of Michigan Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum 1. Philosophy, Curriculum, and the Nature of Change. January, 74–83. Ellis, Arthur B. Elements of Curriculum Reform: Putting Solids in the Foundation. (Pimentel Award Address) September, 1033– 1040. Gillespie, Ronald J. Reforming the General Chemistry Textbook. May, 484. Gillespie, Ronald J. The Great Ideas of Chemistry. July, 862–864. Glaunsinger, William S.; Ramakrishna, B. L.; Garcia, Antonio A.; Pizziconi, Vincent. Multidisciplinary Scanning Probe Microscopy Laboratory. (NSF) March, 310. Haddad, Marché R. Engineering Students Abroad. (ECSA) July, 757–759. Harwood, William S.; Zdravkovich, Vera; Boucher, Laurence. Issues in Gateway Chemistry Courses: A Statewide Conference on Chemical Curriculum Reform. July, 755– 756. Jansen, Susan A. Our Microscopic Universe: An Interdisciplinary Course Examining Natural Phenomena Using Geology, Physics, and Chemistry. (NSF) December, 1411–1412. Jensen, William B. A Note on the Term “Chalcogen”. September, 1063–1064. Kharas, Gregory B. A New Investigative Sophomore Organic Laboratory Involving Individual Research Projects. July, 829–831. Lamba, Ram; Sharma, Shiva; Lloyd, Baird W. Constructing Chemical Concepts through a Study of Metals and Metal Ions: Guided Inquiry Experiments for General Chemistry. September, 1095–1099. Matthews, Fred J. Science ExpOlympics: An Outreach Program of Competitive and Noncompetitive Events for High School Students. April, 452. Matthews, Fred J. Chemical Literature: A Course Composed of Traditional and Online Searching Techniques. (CII) August, 1011– 1014. Moore, John W. Can We Teach Reasoning? Should We? (Editorial) April, 365. Moore, John W. Assessment, Achievement, and Understanding. (Editorial) May, 477. Moore, John W. Has Chemical Education Reached Equilibrium? (Editorial) June, 613. Nordholm, Sture. In Defense of Thermodynamics—An Animate Analogy. March, 273–275. Scerri, Eric R. Demystification at What Cost? (LTE) May, 480. Schmidt, Michael H. Using “Household Chemistry Projects” To Develop Research Skills and To Teach Scientific Writing. April, 393– 395. Schultz, Emeric. Ionization or Dissociation? July, 868–869. Silverstein, Todd P.; Hudak, Norman J.; Chapple, Frances H.; Goodney, David E.; Brink, Christina P.; Whitehead, Joyce P. Scientific Communication and the Unified Laboratory Sequence. (CCD) February, 150– 152. Taft, Hessy L. National Curriculum Survey of College General Chemistry (1993). May, 595– 599. Tomboulian, Paul; Parrot, Katie. Chemical Education for Toxic Substance Control. (ST) December, 1434–1436. Tsaparlis, Georgios. Atomic and Molecular Structure in Chemical Education: A Critical Analysis from Various Perspectives of Science Education. August, 922–925.

Weidenhamer, Jeffrey D. Environmental Projects in the Quantitative Analysis Lab. December, 1437–1440. Wheeler, John C. Electron Affinities of the Alkaline Earth Metals and the Sign Convention for Electron Affinity. January, 123–127. Wheeler, John F.; Wheeler, Sandra K.; Wright, Laura L. Electrochemical Measurements in the Undergraduate Curriculum. (NSF) January, 72–73.

Demonstrations Arnáiz, Francisco J. The Membrane Analogy for Surface Tension in Liquids. (AA) November, 1358. Berenato, Gregory; Maynard, David F. A Simple Audio Conductivity Device. April, 415–417. Blatchley, Ronald C. The Joys of Liquid Nitrogen. (LTE) June, 616–617. Cady, Susan G. Use of Pom Pons to Illustrate Cubic Crystal Structures. (CET) July, 794– 795. Chiriac, Veronica; Balea, Gabriel. Buffer Index and Buffer Capacity for a Simple Buffer Solution. August, 937–939. Cortel, Adolf. Equilibrium with Fried Eggs of PbI2 and KPbI 3. (TD) March, 297. Diemente, Damon. Why Is Bismuth Subchloride Soluble in Acid? (AA) April, 398–399. Driscoll, Jerry A. Acid Rain Demonstration: The Formation of Nitrogen Oxides as a By-Product of High-Temperature Flames in Connection with Internal Combustion Engines. (TD) December, 1424–1425. Gesser, H. D.; Ward, Ian. The Disappearing Liquid. (TD) November, 1357. Hermann, Christine K. F. The Shrinking Dollar Bill. (TD) November, 1357. Hessbrügge, Bernd J.; Vaidya, Atul M. Nonaqueous Interfacial Polycondensation: A Novel Technique for the Encapsulation of Water-Soluble Solids. November, 1322. Hickman, Raymond J. S.; Neill, Jane. Influence of pH on Drug Absorption from the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Simple Chemical Model. July, 855–856. Hughes, Elvin, Jr.; Holmes, L. H., Jr. Using Lasers To Demonstrate Refraction, Diffraction, and Dispersion. (TD) March, 298. Hutchison, S. G.; Hutchison, F. I. Radioactivity in Everyday Life. May, 501–505. Jacobsen, Jerrold J.; Moore, John W. Chemistry Comes Alive!, Volume 1. (JCE SOFT) May, 607–608. Kashmar, Richard J. The Use of Cut-Out Molecular Models on the Overhead Projector To Illustrate Stoichiometry and Limiting Reactants. (OPD) July, 791–792. Kauffman, George B.; Hall, Charles R. Stable Solutions for the Iodine Clock Reaction. (LTE) June, 616. Kauffman, George B. Chemical Magic: An Update. (LTE) August, 900. Knopp, Michael A. Rayon from Dryer Lint: A Demonstration. (F&R) April, 401. Kolb, Doris. Egg in the Bottle. (LTE) December, 1396. López-Garriga, Juan; Muñoz-Solá, Yldefonso; Echevarría, Yolanda; Nazario, William; de Jesus-Bonilla, Walleska; Camacho-Zapata, Richardo. Science on Wheels: A Coherent Link Between Educational Perspectives. November, 1346–1349. Matsuyama, Yukinori; Yasuoka, Takashi; Mitsuzawa, Syunmei; Sasaki, Tunetaka. Observation of Magnetic Repulsion Acting on Nitrogen Bubble on Water Surface—A Simple Experiment of Studying Diamagnetic Property of Nitrogen. (TD) August, 943. Matthews, Fred J. Science ExpOlympics: An Outreach Program of Competitive and Noncompetitive Events for High School Students. April, 452. Nolan, William T.; Gish, Thaddeus J. The Joys of Liquid Nitrogen. (LTE) June, 617.

Obendrauf, Viktor. Egg in the Bottle. (LTE) December, 1396. Pacer, Richard A. The Coupling of Related Demonstrations To Illustrate Principles in Chemical Kinetics and Equilibrium. May, 543–544. Parker, Janice. VSEPR Theory Demo. (TD) July, 776. Proksa, Miroslav. The Sodium Rainbow. (TD) August, 942. Roesky, Herbert W. Chemistry “en miniature”. April, 399–400. Schultz, Emeric. Dice Shaking as an Analogy for Radioactive Decay and First-Order Kinetics. May, 505–507. Shakhashiri, Bassam Z. Hubert N. Alyea, 1903–1996. January, 20. Shiowatana, Juwadee. Demonstrating Characteristics of a Spectrophotometer’s Components. (TICI) June, 730–731. Soltzberg, Leonard J.; Bowers, Peter G.; Hofstetter, Christine. A Computer Model for Soda Bottle Oscillations: “The Bottelator”. June, 711–714. Suzuki, Chieko; Ihda, Sumiyo; Suzuki, Mayumi; Kurumi, Seiji. Experimental Methods To Demonstrate Two Sorts of Physicochemical Behavior with a Resin Tube. (TD) September, 1071–1073. Taylor, Larry C. Burning Phosphorus under Water Safely. (TD) September, 1074. Toong, Yock Chai; Wang, Shih Yung. An Example of a Human Topological Rubber Glove Act. April, 403–404. Vandeever, Walter R., IV; Mosher, Mel. The Blue Bottle Revisited. (TD) April, 402. Yappert, M. Cecilia; DuPré, Donald B. Complexometric Titrations: Competition of Complexing Agents in the Determination of Water Hardness with EDTA. (OPD) December, 1422–1423.

Drugs/Pharmaceuticals Agosta, William C. Medicines and Drugs From Plants. (POC) July, 857–860. Carter, Pamela J.; Ciftan, Suzanne A.; Sistare, Mark F.; Thorp, H. Holden. Perfect Strangers: Inorganic Photochemistry and Nucleic Acids. (SYM) June, 641–645. Conradi, S.; Vogt, C.; Rohde, E. Separation of Enantiomeric Barbiturates by Capillary Electrophoresis Using a Cyclodextrin Containing Run Buffer. September, 1122–1125. Hickman, Raymond J. S.; Neill, Jane. Influence of pH on Drug Absorption from the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Simple Chemical Model. July, 855–856. Thompson, Robert Q. The Thermodynamics of Drunk Driving. May, 532–536. Tierney, John; Peacock, Lori; Sorkin, Erica; Ware, Susan. The pH of Sweat of Horses: A Student-Devised Study by Science and Health Science Majors. September, 1135– 1137. Tierney, John; Peacock, Lori; Sorkin, Erica; Ware, Susan. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1135. (Corrections) November, 1256. Vogt, C.; Conradi, S.; Rohde, E. Determination of Caffeine and Other Purine Compounds in Food and Pharmaceuticals by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography. September, 1126–1130. Walsh, Thomas D.; Koontz, Curtis S. Determination of the Enantiomeric Purity of Naproxen: An Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. May, 585–586.

Dyes Carrière, François J.; Abouaf, Madeleine. Passion Research: A Joint Venture To Interest High School Students in Chemistry. January, 61–63.


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Subject Index • Volume 74 • 1997 Orna, Mary Virginia. Doing Chemistry at the Art/Archaeology Interface: 1996 Norris Award Address. April, 373–376. Siegrist, Eleanor; Anderson, Guy. Analysis of Mouthwash. (F&R) May, 567–568. Vandeever, Walter R., IV; Mosher, Mel. The Blue Bottle Revisited. (TD) April, 402.

Editorial Moore, John W. Everyone Counts! Everyone Should Participate! (Editorial) January, 5. Moore, John W. An Era of Change. (Editorial) February, 141. Moore, John W. Am I Doing the Right Thing? (Editorial) March, 253. Moore, John W. Can We Teach Reasoning? Should We? (Editorial) April, 365. Moore, John W. Assessment, Achievement, and Understanding. (Editorial) May, 477. Moore, John W. Has Chemical Education Reached Equilibrium? (Editorial) June, 613. Moore, John W. Scholarship in Chemical Education. (Editorial) July, 741. Moore, John W. The Cost of Journals. (Editorial) August, 877. Moore, John W. Fount of Information, Vanity Press, or Intellectual Tool. (Editorial) September, 1021. Moore, John W. Using a Living Textbook Effectively. (Editorial) October, 1149. Moore, John W. Balancing the Forest and the Trees. (Editorial) November, 1253. Moore, John W. Making the Future Ours. (Editorial) December, 1381.

Electrochemistry Babaei, Ali; Connor, Paul A.; McQuillan, A. James; Umapathy, Siva. UV-Visible Spectroelectrochemistry of the Reduction Products of Anthraquinone in Dimethylformamide Solutions: An Advanced Undergraduate Experiment. October, 1200–1204. Bocarsly, Andrew B.; Chang, Clark C.; Wu, Ying; Vicenzi, Edward P. Inorganic Photolithography: Interfacial Multicomponent Pattern Generation. (SYM) June, 663–667. Bunting, Roger K.; Swarat, Karsten; Yan, DaJing; Finello, Duane. Synthesis and Characterization of a Conducting Polymer: An Electrochemical Experiment of General Chemistry. April, 421–423. da Rocha, Rogério T.; Gutz, Ivano G. R.; do Lago, Claudimir L. A Low-Cost and High-Performance Conductivity Meter. May, 572–574. Dakkouri, M.; Bodenmuller, W. Effect of Dielectric Constant and Ionic Strength on the Fading of N,N-Dimethylaminophenolphthalein in Alkaline Medium. May, 556–559. Escandar, Graciela M.; Sala, Luis F. Rigorous Potentiometric Determination of Metal Complexes Stability Constants: An Undergraduate Laboratory Practice. November, 1329– 1331. Forslund, Bertil. A Simple Laboratory Demonstration of Electrochromism. August, 962– 963. Frant, Martin S. Where Did Ion Selective Electrodes Come From? The Story of Their Development and Commercialization. (Waters Symposium) February, 159–166. Herrera-Melián, José Alberto; Doña-Rodríguez, José Miguel; Hernández-Brito, Joaquín; Peña, Jesús Pérez. Voltammetric Determination of Ni and Co in Water Samples. December, 1444–1445. Ibanez, Jorge G.; Singh, M. M.; Pike, R. M.; Szafran, Z. Laboratory Experiments on Electrochemical Remediation of the Environment. Part 2: Microscale Indirect Electrolytic Destruction of Organic Wastes. (ML) December, 1449–1450. Lamba, Ram; Sharma, Shiva; Lloyd, Baird W. Constructing Chemical Concepts through a Study of Metals and Metal Ions: Guided Inquiry Experiments for General Chemistry. September, 1095–1099.

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Lewis, T. W.; Wallace, G. G. Communicative Polymers: The Basis for Development of Intelligent Materials. (POC) June, 703–708. Light, Truman S. Industrial Use and Applications of Ion Selective Electrodes. (Waters Symposium) February, 171–177. May, Michael A.; Gupta, Vijay K. Electrochemistry “Discovery” Course for Undergraduates. July, 824–828. Meyer, Gerald J. Efficient Light-to-Electrical Energy Conversion: Nanocrystalline TiO 2 Films Modified with Inorganic Sensitizers. (SYM) June, 652–656. Nelson, P. G. Quantifying Electrical Character. September, 1084–1086. Riyazuddin, P.; Devika, D. Potentiometric Acid– Base Titrations with Activated Graphite Electrodes. October, 1198–1199. Ruzicka, Jaromir. The Seventies—Golden Age for Ion Selective Electrodes. (Waters Symposium) February, 167–170. Sanger, Michael J.; Greenbowe, Thomas J. Students’ Misconceptions in Electrochemistry: Current Flow in Electrolyte Solutions and the Salt Bridge. July, 819–823. Starzak, Michael E. Illustrating Chemical Kinetic Principles with Ion Motions in Thin Membranes. April, 410–413. Stock, John T. The Pathway to the Ostwald Dilution Law. July, 865–867. Walczak, Mary M.; Dryer, Deborah A.; Jacobson, Dana D.; Foss, Michele G.; Flynn, Nolan T. pH Dependent Redox Couple: Illustrating the Nernst Equation Using Cyclic Voltammetry. October, 1195–1197. Wheeler, John F.; Wheeler, Sandra K.; Wright, Laura L. Electrochemical Measurements in the Undergraduate Curriculum. (NSF) January, 72–73. Young, C. C. Evolution of Blood Chemistry Analyzers Based on Ion Selective Electrodes. (Waters Symposium) February, 177–182.

Electron Transport Butera, R. A.; Waldeck, D. H. The Dependence of Resistance on Temperature for Metals, Semiconductors, and Superconductors. September, 1090–1094. de Silva, A. Prasanna; Gunnlaugsson, Thorfinnur; McCoy, Colin P. Photoionic Supermolecules: Mobilizing the Charge and Light Brigades. (POC) January, 53–58. Durham, Bill; Millett, Frank. Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complexes and the Electron– Transfer Reactions of Metalloproteins. (SYM) June, 636–640. Meyer, Gerald J. Efficient Light-to-Electrical Energy Conversion: Nanocrystalline TiO 2 Films Modified with Inorganic Sensitizers. (SYM) June, 652–656. Nelson, P. G. Quantifying Electrical Character. September, 1084–1086. Netzel, Thomas L. Electron Transfer Reactions in DNA. (SYM) June, 646–651. Ochiai, Ei-Ichiro. Electron Transport in Proteins and DNAs: Principles and Applications in Bioinorganic Chemistry—X. May, 600– 604. Yan, Susan G.; Lyon, L. Andrew; Lemon, Buford I.; Preiskorn, Janice S.; Hupp, Joseph T. Energy Conversion Chemistry: Mechanisms of Charge Transfer at Metal-Oxide Semiconductor/Solution Interfaces. (SYM) June, 657– 662.

Electrophoresis Conradi, S.; Vogt, C.; Rohde, E. Separation of Enantiomeric Barbiturates by Capillary Electrophoresis Using a Cyclodextrin Containing Run Buffer. September, 1122–1125. Karger, Barry L. HPLC: Early and Recent Perspectives. (Waters Symposium) January, 45– 48. Thompson, Lynn; Veening, Hans; Strein, Timothy G. Capillary Electrophoresis in the Undergraduate Instrumental Analysis Labora-


tory: Determination of Common Analgesic Formulations. September, 1117–1121. Thompson, Lynn; Veening, Hans; Strein, Timothy G. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1117–1121. (Corrections) December, 1384. Vogt, C.; Conradi, S.; Rohde, E. Determination of Caffeine and Other Purine Compounds in Food and Pharmaceuticals by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography. September, 1126–1130.

Environmental Chemistry Allen, Heather C.; Brauers, Theo; FinlaysonPitts, Barbara J. Illustration of Deviations in the Beer–Lambert Law in an Instrumental Analysis Laboratory: Measuring Atmospheric Pollutants by Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometry. December, 1459– 1462. Baird, N. Colin. Free Radical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions: Examples from Advanced Oxidation Processes for Wastewater from the Chemistry in Airborne Water Droplets. July, 817–819. Bowers, Peter G.; Rubin, Mordecai B.; Noyes, Richard M.; Andueza, Dagmar. Carbon Dioxide Dissolution as a Relaxation Process: A Kinetics Experiment for Physical Chemistry. December, 1455–1458. Carter, Henry A. The Chemistry of Paper Preservation Part 4. Alkaline Paper. May, 508– 511. Driscoll, Jerry A. Acid Rain Demonstration: The Formation of Nitrogen Oxides as a By-Product of High-Temperature Flames in Connection with Internal Combustion Engines. (TD) December, 1424–1425. Duong, Michelle H.; Penrod, Samuel L.; Grant, Stanley B. Kinetics of p-Nitrophenol Degradation by Pseudomonas sp.: An Experiment Illustrating Bioremediation. December, 1451–1454. Herrera-Melián, José Alberto; Doña-Rodríguez, José Miguel; Hernández-Brito, Joaquín; Peña, Jesús Pérez. Voltammetric Determination of Ni and Co in Water Samples. December, 1444–1445. Ibanez, Jorge G.; Singh, M. M.; Pike, R. M.; Szafran, Z. Laboratory Experiments on Electrochemical Remediation of the Environment. Part 2: Microscale Indirect Electrolytic Destruction of Organic Wastes. (ML) December, 1449–1450. Judd, Carolyn Sweeney. News from Online. (ROJ) December, 1394–1395. Juhl, Lorie; Yearsley, Kaye; Silva, Andrew J. Interdisciplinary Project-Based Learning through an Environmental Water Quality Study. December, 1431–1433. Kelter, Paul B.; Grundman, Julie; Hage, David S.; Carr, James D.; Castro-Acuña, Carlos Mauricio. A Discussion of Water Pollution in the United States and Mexico; with High School Laboratory Activities for the Analysis of Lead, Atrazine, and Nitrate. December, 1413–1421. Klausen, Jörg; Meier, Markus A.; Schwarzenbach, René P. Assessing the Fate of Organic Contaminants in Aquatic Environments: Mechanism and Kinetics of Hydrolysis of a Carboxylic Ester. December, 1440–1444. Meserole, Chad A.; Mulcahy, Francis M.; Lutz, John; Yousif, Hashim A. CO2 Absorption of IR Radiated by the Earth. March, 316–317. Orbell, John D.; Godhino, Leroy; Bigger, Stephen W.; Nguyen, Thi Man; Ngeh, Lawrence N. Oil Spill Remediation Using Magnetic Particles: An Experiment in Environmental Technology. December, 1446– 1448. Randall, Jack. Integrating High School Chemistry with Environmental Studies and Research. (VIEW) December, 1409–1411. Snow, Nicholas H.; Dunn, Maureen; Patel, Sohita. Determination of Crude Fat in Food Products by Supercritical Fluid Extraction

Volume 74 • 1997 • Subject Index and Gravimetric Analysis. September, 1108– 1111. Tomboulian, Paul; Parrot, Katie. Chemical Education for Toxic Substance Control. (ST) December, 1434–1436. Weidenhamer, Jeffrey D. Environmental Projects in the Quantitative Analysis Lab. December, 1437–1440. Whisnant, David M.; McCormick, James A. Lake Study for Windows Update. (JCE SOFT) July, 871–872. Wong, Jon W.; Ngim, Kenley K.; Shibamoto, Takayuki; Mabury, Scott A.; Eiserich, Jason P.; Yeo, Helen C. H. Determination of Formaldehyde in Cigarette Smoke. September, 1100–1103.

Enzymes Bugg, Timothy D. H.; Lewin, Andrew M.; Catlin, Eric R. Regiospecific Ester Hydrolysis by Orange Peel Esterase: An Undergraduate Experiment. January, 105–107. Deal, S. Todd; Hurst, Michael O. Utilizing Isolation, Purification, and Characterization of Enzymes as Project-Oriented Labs for Undergraduate Biochemistry. February, 241– 242. Drouin, Jacques; Costante, Jeanne; GuibéJampel, Eryk. A Thermostable Microbial Enzyme for Fast Preparative Organic Chemistry: The Preparation of (R)-(+)-1phenylethanol from (±)-1-phenylethyl Pentanoate and n-Butanol. August, 992–995. Martin, R. Bruce. Disadvantages of Double Reciprocal Plots. October, 1238–1240. Voige, William H. Extraction and Assay of Ornithine Decarboxylase: A Laboratory Experiment That Introduces Principles of Radiochemical Enzymatic Assay. August, 988–990.

Equilibrium Bader, Morris. Ionization Constants. (LTE) October, 1160. Cortel, Adolf. Equilibrium with Fried Eggs of PbI2 and KPbI 3. (TD) March, 297. Escandar, Graciela M.; Sala, Luis F. Rigorous Potentiometric Determination of Metal Complexes Stability Constants: An Undergraduate Laboratory Practice. November, 1329– 1331. Garritz, Andoni. The Painting–Sponging Analogy for Chemical Equilibrium. (AA) May, 544–545. Gsponer, Héctor E.; Argüello, Gustavo A.; Argüello, Gerardo A. Determination of pK a from Luminescence Quenching Data: An Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment. August, 968–972. Hahn, Roger C. Conversion of an Alkyl Chloride to a Bromide (or Vice Versa) by Homogeneous Nucleophile Exchange. (ML) July, 836–838. Hennis, April D.; Highberger, C. Scott; Schreiner, Serge. Formation and Dimerization of NO2: A General Chemistry Experiment. November, 1340–1342. Hernàndez-Borrell, Jordi; Montero, M. Teresa. Calculating Microspecies Concentration of Zwitterion Amphoteric Compounds: Ciprofloxacin as Example. November, 1311–1314. Jarek, Russell L.; Flesher, Robert J.; Shin, Seung Koo. Kinetics of Internal Rotation of N,N-Dimethylacetamide: A Spin-Saturation Transfer Experiment—An Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Experiment Using FTNMR To Determine an Internal Rotational Barrier. August, 978–982. Martin, R. Bruce. Disadvantages of Double Reciprocal Plots. October, 1238–1240. Pacer, Richard A. The Coupling of Related Demonstrations To Illustrate Principles in Chemical Kinetics and Equilibrium. May, 543–544. Roo, S.; Vermeire, L.; Görller-Walrand, C. Ionization Constants. (LTE) October, 1160– 1161.

Russell, Joel W.; Kozma, Robert B.; Jones, Tricia; Wykoff, Joann; Marx, Nancy; Davis, Joan. Use of Simultaneous-Synchronized Macroscopic, Microscopic, and Symbolic Representations To Enhance the Teaching and Learning of Chemical Concepts. March, 330– 334. Schultz, Emeric. Ionization or Dissociation? July, 868–869. Stock, John T. The Pathway to the Ostwald Dilution Law. July, 865–867. Sugata, Setsuro; Abe, Yoshihiro. An Analogue Column Model for Nonlinear Isotherms: The Test Tube Model. April, 406–409. Yappert, M. Cecilia; DuPré, Donald B. Complexometric Titrations: Competition of Complexing Agents in the Determination of Water Hardness with EDTA. (OPD) December, 1422–1423. Yu, Qingjiang; Gao, Hongxia. A Simple Determination of NO2 Dimerization Equilibrium Constant. February, 233–234.

Excited States/Energy Transfer Carter, Pamela J.; Ciftan, Suzanne A.; Sistare, Mark F.; Thorp, H. Holden. Perfect Strangers: Inorganic Photochemistry and Nucleic Acids. (SYM) June, 641–645. de Silva, A. Prasanna; Gunnlaugsson, Thorfinnur; McCoy, Colin P. Photoionic Supermolecules: Mobilizing the Charge and Light Brigades. (POC) January, 53–58. Gouterman, Martin. Oxygen Quenching of Luminescence of Pressure Sensitive Paint for Wind Tunnel Research. (SYM) June, 697– 702. Meyer, Gerald J. Efficient Light-to-Electrical Energy Conversion: Nanocrystalline TiO 2 Films Modified with Inorganic Sensitizers. (SYM) June, 652–656. Riley, Scott A.; Nishimura, A. M. An Inexpensive Photon Counter Interface for the Personal Computer. (CBB) October, 1243–1244.

Experimental, Cooperative, and Study Abroad Education Archer, Ronald D.; Wood, John S.; Cook, Michael J.; Lamet, Maryelise S. UEA/UMass Interchange Program, 1978 to Date. (ECSA) May, 486–488. Haddad, Marché R. Engineering Students Abroad. (ECSA) July, 757–759. Koch, Andrew S.; Koch, Heinz F.; Lodder, Gerrit. An International Collaborative Undergraduate Research Program between Ithaca College and Leiden University. (ECSA) October, 1158–1159.

Filtrates and Residues Bindel, Thomas H.; Fochi, John C. Guided Discovery: Law of Specific Heats. (F&R) August, 955–958. Jansen, Michael P. How Efficient Is a Laboratory Burner in Heating Water? (F&R) February, 213–215. Knopp, Michael A. Rayon from Dryer Lint: A Demonstration. (F&R) April, 401. Siegrist, Eleanor; Anderson, Guy. Analysis of Mouthwash. (F&R) May, 567–568. Teggins, John; Mahaffy, Chris. Kinetics Studies Using a Washing Bottle. (F&R) May, 566. West, Steven P.; Poon, Thomas; Anderson, Jamey L.; West, Michele A.; Foote, Christopher S. Extraction, Isolation and Characterization of Fullerene C60: A Safe and Reliable Separation Experiment. (F&R) March, 311– 312.

Food Science Bravo-Díaz, Carlos; González-Romero, Elisa. Showing Properties of Food Foams with Common Dairy Foods. September, 1133– 1135. Doyle, Ellin. Olestra? The Jury’s Still Out. (CBN) April, 370–372.

Doyle, Ellin. Trans Fatty Acids. (CBN) September, 1030–1032. Hocking, Martin B. Vanillin: Synthetic Flavoring from Spent Sulfite Liquor. September, 1055–1059. Hocking, Martin B. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1055–1059. (Corrections) December, 1384. Kjonaas, Richard A.; Soller, Jean L.; McCoy, Leslee A. Identification of Volatile Flavor Components by Headspace Analysis: A Quick and Easy Experiment for Introducing GC/MS. September, 1104–1105. Rubinson, Judith F.; Neyer-Hilvert, Jennifer. Integration of GC/MS Instrumentation into the Undergraduate Laboratory: Separation and Identification of Fatty Acids in Commercial Fats and Oils. September, 1106–1108. Senozan, N. M.; Christiano, M. P. Iron As Nutrient and Poison. September, 1060–1063. Snow, Nicholas H.; Dunn, Maureen; Patel, Sohita. Determination of Crude Fat in Food Products by Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Gravimetric Analysis. September, 1108– 1111. Stein, Paul J. The Sweetness of Aspartame: A Biochemistry Lab for Health Science Chemistry Courses. September, 1112–1113. Vogt, C.; Conradi, S.; Rohde, E. Determination of Caffeine and Other Purine Compounds in Food and Pharmaceuticals by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography. September, 1126–1130.

Forensic Chemistry Thompson, Robert Q. The Thermodynamics of Drunk Driving. May, 532–536. Van Doren, Jane M.; Nestor, Lisa P.; Knighton, W. Berk. Engaging Students in the Action of Chemistry: An Effective, Fun, and Inexpensive Outreach Program. October, 1178–1179.

Gases Hawkes, Stephen J. Graham’s Law and Perpetuation of Error. September, 1069. Hennis, April D.; Highberger, C. Scott; Schreiner, Serge. Formation and Dimerization of NO2: A General Chemistry Experiment. November, 1340–1342. Lewis, Don L. A Simple Boyle’s Law Experiment. February, 209–210. Meserole, Chad A.; Mulcahy, Francis M.; Lutz, John; Yousif, Hashim A. CO2 Absorption of IR Radiated by the Earth. March, 316–317. Richmond, Thomas G.; Parr, Amy. A U-Tube Experiment To Discover the Curve in Boyle’s Law. April, 414–415. Soltzberg, Leonard J.; Bowers, Peter G.; Hofstetter, Christine. A Computer Model for Soda Bottle Oscillations: “The Bottelator”. June, 711–714. Wisniak, Jaime. Phase Separation in Binary Systems: The Possibility of Gas–Gas Equilibrium at Subcritical Conditions. May, 546– 548.

Graduate Education/Research Cody, Jason A.; Hagerman, Michael E. Transforming Graduate Education: A New Vision of the Professoriate—The Preparing Future Faculty Program. May, 525–528. CPT Special Report: Survey of Ph. D. Programs in Chemistry. (CPT) November, 1260–1262. Drake, Bruce D.; Acosta, Gracia M.; Smith, Richard L., Jr. An Effective Technique for Reading Research Articles—The Japanese KENSHU Method. February, 186–188. Halstead, Judith A. Council on Undergraduate Research: A Resource (and a Community) for Science Educators. (CUR) February, 148– 149. Lavallee, David K. Doctoral Education in Chemistry—What’s To Be Done? February, 147.


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Subject Index • Volume 74 • 1997 Ramírez López, Elena G.; Albores-Velasco, Martha. Quantification of Polystyrene Acylation by IR Spectroscopy: An Experiment on Polymer IR Analysis. May, 551–552. Rodygin, Mikhail Yu.; Rodygin, Irean V. On Chemical Modeling an Alchemical Process: The Use of Combined Chemical Methods in a Historical Study. August, 949–950. Smith, Norman O. The Gibbs Energy Basis and Construction of Melting Point Diagrams in Binary Systems. September, 1080–1084.

Group Theory Baraldi, Ivan; Vanossi, Davide. On the Character Tables of Finite Point Groups. July, 806–809. Casas, José María; Martín, Antonio. Simple Preparation of Palladium(II) Complexes and Determination of Their Structures by Infrared Spectroscopy. November, 1327–1328. Hardgrove, George L. Teaching Space Group Symmetry through Problems. July, 797–799. McNaught, Ian J. Reducible Representations for Linear Molecules. July, 809–811. McNaught, Ian J. More then One Character Table? Yes! July, 811–812. Sharma, Brahama D. Group Theory in Advanced Inorganic Chemistry. (LTE) October, 1152.

History/Philosophy Chemistry in the News: 1997 Nobel Prizes in Chemistry and Medicine. December, 1388. Coppola, Brian P.; Eg¯e, Seyhan N.; Lawton, Richard G. The University of Michigan Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum 2. Instructional Strategies and Assessment. January, 84–94. Craig, Norman C. ACS National Historic Chemical Landmark: Charles Martin Hall’s Discovery of the Electrochemical Process for Aluminum. November, 1269. Dobson, Geoffrey P. Reshaping the Teaching of Science: A Scientist’s Perspective. April, 453– 454. Eg¯e, Seyhan N.; Coppola, Brian P.; Lawton, Richard G. The University of Michigan Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum 1. Philosophy, Curriculum, and the Nature of Change. January, 74–83. Frant, Martin S. Where Did Ion Selective Electrodes Come From? The Story of Their Development and Commercialization. (Waters Symposium) February, 159–166. Gutiérrez, Claudio. Discovery of the Elements. (LTE) October, 1152. Hawkes, Stephen J. Discovery of the Elements. (LTE) October, 1152. Jensen, William B. A Note on the Term “Chalcogen”. September, 1063–1064. Karger, Barry L. HPLC: Early and Recent Perspectives. (Waters Symposium) January, 45– 48. Kauffman, George B.; Chooljian, Steven H. Wohler’s Urea Synthesis: Modern Version. December, 1493. Kikuchi, Shigeaki. A History of the Structural Theory of Benzene—The Aromatic Sextet Rule and Hückel’s Rule. February, 194–201. Kikuchi, Shigeaki. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 194. (Corrections) May, 480. Klotz, Irving M. Captives of Their Fantasies: The German Atomic Bomb Scientists. February, 204–209. Nordholm, Sture. In Defense of Thermodynamics—An Animate Analogy. March, 273–275. Parry, Robert W. Sheldon Shore, Small Boranes, and Ammonia. May, 512–518. Rodygin, Mikhail Yu.; Rodygin, Irean V. On Chemical Modeling an Alchemical Process: The Use of Combined Chemical Methods in a Historical Study. August, 949–950. Ruzicka, Jaromir. The Seventies—Golden Age for Ion Selective Electrodes. (Waters Symposium) February, 167–170.

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Schatz, Paul F. Anniversaries: 1997. January, 12. Snyder, Lloyd R. Modern Practice of Liquid Chromatography: Before and after 1971. (Waters Symposium) January, 37–44. Stock, John T. The Pathway to the Ostwald Dilution Law. July, 865–867. Suh, Il-Hwan; Park, Koon Ha; Jensen, William P.; Lewis, David E. Molecules, Crystals, and Chirality. July, 800–805. Tsarevsky, Nicolay V.; Slaveykova, Vera; Manev, Stefan; Lazarov, Dobri. The Onium Compounds. June, 734–736.

Industrial Chemistry Carter, Henry A. The Chemistry of Paper Preservation Part 4. Alkaline Paper. May, 508– 511. Hocking, Martin B. Vanillin: Synthetic Flavoring from Spent Sulfite Liquor. September, 1055–1059. Hocking, Martin B. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1055–1059. (Corrections) December, 1384. Light, Truman S. Industrial Use and Applications of Ion Selective Electrodes. (Waters Symposium) February, 171–177. Melton, Lynn. Education for Industry. July, 754. Ottewill, Geraldine A.; Walsh, Frank C. Consultancy in the Classroom: Using Industrial Chemistry in a Teaching Exercise. December, 1426–1430. Sabo, Mark; Sarquis, A. M.; Ennis, Chris. The PACT Ambassador Outreach Program: More Than Just a Bunch of “Old White-Haired Scientists”. April, 450–451.

Inorganic Chemistry Addison, Anthony W. Electron-Counting Rules for Transition Metal–Nitric Oxide Complexes. November, 1354–1356. Arnáiz, Francisco J. The Preparation of TlBF4. (ML) November, 1332–1333. Baird, N. Colin. Free Radical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions: Examples from Advanced Oxidation Processes for Wastewater from the Chemistry in Airborne Water Droplets. July, 817–819. Birdwhistell, Kurt R.; Lanza, Joann. Simple Synthesis and Use of a Nickel Alkene Isomerization Catalyst: An Advanced Lab in Inorganic/Organometallic Chemistry. May, 579–581. Bocarsly, Andrew B.; Chang, Clark C.; Wu, Ying; Vicenzi, Edward P. Inorganic Photolithography: Interfacial Multicomponent Pattern Generation. (SYM) June, 663–667. Carter, Pamela J.; Ciftan, Suzanne A.; Sistare, Mark F.; Thorp, H. Holden. Perfect Strangers: Inorganic Photochemistry and Nucleic Acids. (SYM) June, 641–645. Casas, José María; Martín, Antonio. Simple Preparation of Palladium(II) Complexes and Determination of Their Structures by Infrared Spectroscopy. November, 1327–1328. Demas, J. N.; DeGraff, B. A. Applications of Luminescent Transition Metal Complexes to Sensor Technology and Molecular Probes. (SYM) June, 690–695. Ellis, Arthur B.; Brainard, Robert J.; Kepler, Keith D.; Moore, Dale E.; Winder, Edmund J.; Kuech, Thomas F.; Lisensky, George C. Modulation of the Photoluminescence of Semiconductors by Surface Adduct Formation: An Application of Inorganic Photochemistry to Chemical Sensing. (SYM) June, 680– 684. Erre, Liliana Strinna; Micera, Giovanni; Glowiak, Tadeusz; Kozlowski, Henryk. Chromium(III) Acetate, Chromium(III) Acetate Hydroxide or µ3-Oxo-esakis-(µ2-acetylO,O′)-triaqua-trichromium(III) Acetate? Determining the Structure of a Complex Compound by Analytical and Spectroscopic Methods. April, 432–435.


Forslund, Bertil. A Simple Laboratory Demonstration of Electrochromism. August, 962– 963. Holmes, L. H., Jr. An Easy Way To Make Chlorine Water. November, 1326. Howell, James A. S. The Phase-Transfer–Catalyzed Preparation of Mo(CO)4(diphos): An Intermediate-Level Organometallic–Inorganic Experiment. May, 577–579. Ibanez, Jorge G.; Gomez, Flora; Konik, Ivonne; Lozano, Diana E.; Mugica, Alejandra; Gonzalez-Mesa, Carmen; Singh, M. M.; Szafran, Z.; Pike, R. M. Preparation of Semiconducting Materials in the Laboratory Part 2: Microscale Chemical Bath Deposition of Materials with Band Gap Energies in the UV, Vis, and IR. October, 1205–1207. Jensen, William B. A Note on the Term “Chalcogen”. September, 1063–1064. Kauffman, George B.; Chooljian, Steven H. Wohler’s Urea Synthesis: Modern Version. December, 1493. Klotz, Irving M. Captives of Their Fantasies: The German Atomic Bomb Scientists. February, 204–209. Kneas, Kristi A.; Xu, Wenying; DeGraff, B. A.; Demas, J. N. Dramatic Demonstration of Oxygen Sensing by Luminescence Quenching. (SYM) June, 696. Kneas, Kristi A.; Xu, Wenying; Demas, J. N.; DeGraff, B. A. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 696. (Corrections) September, 1024. Ladd, M. F. C. The Language of Lattices and Cells. April, 461–465. Laing, Michael. An Inexpensive Kit for Constructing Models of Crystals. July, 795–796. Meyer, Gerald J. Efficient Light-to-Electrical Energy Conversion: Nanocrystalline TiO 2 Films Modified with Inorganic Sensitizers. (SYM) June, 652–656. Mitchell, Philip C. H. Metal Complexes of EDTA: An Exercise in Data Interpretation. October, 1235–1237. Nelson, P. G. Quantifying Electrical Character. September, 1084–1086. Nelson, Peter G. Valency. April, 465–470. Parry, Robert W. Sheldon Shore, Small Boranes, and Ammonia. May, 512–518. Roesky, Herbert W. Chemistry “en miniature”. April, 399–400. Schaeffer, Richard W.; Chan, Benny; Molinaro, Michael; Morissey, Susan; Yoder, Claude H.; Yoder, Carolyn S.; Shenk, Stephanie. Synthesis, Characterization, and Lewis Acidity of SnI2 and SnI4. May, 575–577. Senozan, N. M.; Christiano, M. P. Iron As Nutrient and Poison. September, 1060–1063. Smoot, Alison L.; Lindquist, David A. Properties of Zeolite A Obtained from Powdered Laundry Detergent: An Undergraduate Chemistry Experiment. May, 569–570. Taylor, Larry C. Burning Phosphorus under Water Safely. (TD) September, 1074. Tóth, Zoltán. Balancing Chemical Equations by Inspection. November, 1363–1364. Treptow, Richard S. Determination of ∆H for Reactions of the Born–Haber Cycle. August, 919–922. Tyler, David R. Organometallic Photochemistry: Basic Principles and Applications to Materials Chemistry. (SYM) June, 668–672. Urriolabeitia, Esteban P. Coordination Chemistry of Pd (II) Complexes with P-Donor Ligands: An Introduction to Synthesis and Structural Characterization in Coordination Chemistry. March, 325–327. Venkataraman, D.; Du, Yuhua; Wilson, Scott R.; Hirsch, Keith A.; Zhang, Peng; Moore, Jeffrey S. A Coordination Geometry Table of the dBlock Elements and Their Ions. August, 915– 918. Ziessel, Raymond F. Photoinduced Energy or Electron Transfer in Supramolecular Systems: Applications to Molecular Wires and Light-Harvesting Sensors. (SYM) June, 673– 679.

Volume 74 • 1997 • Subject Index Inorganic Photochemistry Bocarsly, Andrew B.; Chang, Clark C.; Wu, Ying; Vicenzi, Edward P. Inorganic Photolithography: Interfacial Multicomponent Pattern Generation. (SYM) June, 663–667. Carter, Pamela J.; Ciftan, Suzanne A.; Sistare, Mark F.; Thorp, H. Holden. Perfect Strangers: Inorganic Photochemistry and Nucleic Acids. (SYM) June, 641–645. Demas, J. N.; DeGraff, B. A. Applications of Luminescent Transition Metal Complexes to Sensor Technology and Molecular Probes. (SYM) June, 690–695. Durham, Bill; Millett, Frank. Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complexes and the ElectronTransfer Reactions of Metalloproteins. (SYM) June, 636–640. Ellis, Arthur B.; Brainard, Robert J.; Kepler, Keith D.; Moore, Dale E.; Winder, Edmund J.; Kuech, Thomas F.; Lisensky, George C. Modulation of the Photoluminescence of Semiconductors by Surface Adduct Formation: An Application of Inorganic Photochemistry to Chemical Sensing. (SYM) June, 680– 684. Gouterman, Martin. Oxygen Quenching of Luminescence of Pressure Sensitive Paint for Wind Tunnel Research. (SYM) June, 697– 702. Kneas, Kristi A.; Xu, Wenying; DeGraff, B. A.; Demas, J. N. Dramatic Demonstration of Oxygen Sensing by Luminescence Quenching. (SYM) June, 696. Kneas, Kristi A.; Xu, Wenying; Demas, J. N.; DeGraff, B. A. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 696. (Corrections) September, 1024. Meyer, Gerald J. Efficient Light-to-Electrical Energy Conversion: Nanocrystalline TiO 2 Films Modified with Inorganic Sensitizers. (SYM) June, 652–656. Netzel, Thomas L. Electron Transfer Reactions in DNA. (SYM) June, 646–651. Schanze, Kirk S.; Schmehl, Russell H. Introduction: Applications of Inorganic Photochemistry to the Chemical and Biological Sciences—Contemporary Developments. (SYM) June, 633–635. Shen, Yibing; Sullivan, B. Patrick. Luminescence Sensors for Cations Based on “Designed” Transition Metal Complexes. (SYM) June, 685–689. Tyler, David R. Organometallic Photochemistry: Basic Principles and Applications to Materials Chemistry. (SYM) June, 668–672. Yan, Susan G.; Lyon, L. Andrew; Lemon, Buford I.; Preiskorn, Janice S.; Hupp, Joseph T. Energy Conversion Chemistry: Mechanisms of Charge Transfer at Metal–Oxide Semiconductor/Solution Interfaces. (SYM) June, 657– 662. Ziessel, Raymond F. Photoinduced Energy or Electron Transfer in Supramolecular Systems: Applications to Molecular Wires and Light-Harvesting Sensors. (SYM) June, 673– 679.

Inorganic Synthesis Arnáiz, Francisco J. The Preparation of TlBF4. (ML) November, 1332–1333. Birdwhistell, Kurt R.; Lanza, Joann. Simple Synthesis and Use of a Nickel Alkene Isomerization Catalyst: An Advanced Lab in Inorganic/Organometallic Chemistry. May, 579–581. Carmosini, Nadia; Ghoreshy, Sanaz; Koether, Marina C. The Gravimetric Analysis of Nickel Using a Microwave Oven. August, 986–987. Kauffman, George B.; Chooljian, Steven H. Wohler’s Urea Synthesis: Modern Version. December, 1493. Parry, Robert W. Sheldon Shore, Small Boranes, and Ammonia. May, 512–518. Schaeffer, Richard W.; Chan, Benny; Molinaro, Michael; Morissey, Susan; Yoder, Claude H.;

Yoder, Carolyn S.; Shenk, Stephanie. Synthesis, Characterization, and Lewis Acidity of SnI2 and SnI4 . May, 575–577.

Instrumental Methods Allen, Heather C.; Brauers, Theo; FinlaysonPitts, Barbara J. Illustration of Deviations in the Beer–Lambert Law in an Instrumental Analysis Laboratory: Measuring Atmospheric Pollutants by Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometry. December, 1459– 1462. Almy, John; Alverez, R. Martínez; Fernández, A. Herrera; Vázquez, A. Sánchez. Useful Examples for Discussion of Proton-NMR Spectroscopy: N-Substituted α-Aminobenzenebutanenitriles—Anisotropy of Diastereotopic Methylene Protons. December, 1479–1482. Bradley, Michael S.; Bratu, Cheryl. Vibrational Line Profiles As a Probe of Molecular Interactions. May, 553–555. Burke, Jeffrey T. IR Spectroscopy or “Hooke’s Law at the Molecular Level”—A Joint Freshman Physics–Chemistry Experience. October, 1213. Burns, Danny; Lewis, Don. A Quantitative Conductance Apparatus. May, 570–571. Clark, Charles R. A Stopped-Flow Kinetics Experiment for Advanced Undergraduate Laboratories: Formation of Iron(III) Thiocyannate. October, 1214–1217. da Rocha, Rogério T.; Gutz, Ivano G. R.; do Lago, Claudimir L. A Low-Cost and High-Performance Conductivity Meter. May, 572–574. Erre, Liliana Strinna; Micera, Giovanni; Glowiak, Tadeusz; Kozlowski, Henryk. Chromium(III) Acetate, Chromium(III) Acetate Hydroxide or µ3-Oxo-esakis-(µ2-acetylO,O′)-triaqua-trichromium(III) Acetate? Determining the Structure of a Complex Compound by Analytical and Spectroscopic Methods. April, 432–435. Fryhle, Craig B.; Waldow, Dean A.; Bock, J. Chris. The FTNMR Free Induction Decay Archive. April, 442–443. Grehn, Leif; Ragnarsson, Ulf; Welch, Christopher J. Carbon–Carbon and Carbon–Nitrogen Spin–Spin Coupling in NMR Spectroscopy: Simple Examples Based on IsotopeLabeled Glycines. December, 1477–1479. Gruber, Jonas; de Santana, Henrique; Gruber, Isaac; Gazotti, Wilson, Jr. Easily Built LowCost Apparatus To Measure Polymer Conductivity. April, 418–421. Hersh, William H. False AA′X Spin–Spin Coupling Systems in 13C NMR: Examples Involving Phosphorus and a 20-Year-Old Mystery in Off-Resonance Decoupling. December, 1485–1489. Kabza, Konrad G.; Cochran, Kevin. From Polarimeter to Contact Angle Goniometer—Inexpensive Conversion of Laboratory Equipment. March, 322–323. Karger, Barry L. HPLC: Early and Recent Perspectives. (Waters Symposium) January, 45– 48. Kjonaas, Richard A.; Soller, Jean L.; McCoy, Leslee A. Identification of Volatile Flavor Components by Headspace Analysis: A Quick and Easy Experiment for Introducing GC/MS. September, 1104–1105. Maestri, Mauro; Ballardini, Roberto; Pina, Fernando; Melo, Maria João. An Easy and Inexpensive Flash Spectroscopy Experiment. November, 1314–1316. Meserole, Chad A.; Mulcahy, Francis M.; Lutz, John; Yousif, Hashim A. CO2 Absorption of IR Radiated by the Earth. March, 316–317. Muyskens, Mark A.; Sevy, Eric T. The Remarkable Resilience of Beer’s Law. September, 1138. Pandey, Siddharth; Powell, Joyce R.; McHale, Mary E. R.; Acree, William E., Jr. Quantitative Determination of Cr(III) and Co(II) Using a Spectroscopic H-Point Standard Addition Method. July, 848–850.

Rapp, Carl Steven. Getting Close with the Instructional Scanning Tunneling Microscope. September, 1087–1089. Riley, Scott A.; Nishimura, A. M. An Inexpensive Photon Counter Interface for the Personal Computer. (CBB) October, 1243–1244. Riley, Scott A.; Franklin, Nathan R.; Oudinarath, Bobbie; Wong, Sally; Congalton, David; Nishimura, A. M. Measurement of Evaporation Rates of Organic Liquids by Optical Interference. November, 1320–1322. Riyazuddin, P.; Devika, D. Potentiometric Acid– Base Titrations with Activated Graphite Electrodes. October, 1198–1199. Rubinson, Judith F.; Neyer-Hilvert, Jennifer. Integration of GC/MS Instrumentation into the Undergraduate Laboratory: Separation and Identification of Fatty Acids in Commercial Fats and Oils. September, 1106–1108. Shiowatana, Juwadee. Demonstrating Characteristics of a Spectrophotometer’s Components. (TICI) June, 730–731. Snow, Nicholas H.; Dunn, Maureen; Patel, Sohita. Determination of Crude Fat in Food Products by Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Gravimetric Analysis. September, 1108– 1111. Snyder, Lloyd R. Modern Practice of Liquid Chromatography: Before and after 1971. (Waters Symposium) January, 37–44. Stolzberg, Richard J. Screening and Sequential Experimentation: Simulations and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Experiments. February, 216–220. Thoben, Dianne A.; Lowry, Thomas H. An Analogy To Assist Understanding of Splitting Patterns in NMR. (AA) January, 68. Van Ryswyk, Hal. A General Chemistry Experiment Incorporating Synthesis and Structural Determination. July, 842–844. Wheeler, John F.; Wheeler, Sandra K.; Wright, Laura L. Electrochemical Measurements in the Undergraduate Curriculum. (NSF) January, 72–73. Young, C. C. Evolution of Blood Chemistry Analyzers Based on Ion Selective Electrodes. (Waters Symposium) February, 177–182. Zerbinati, Orfeo. A Simple and Inexpensive 8Bit Analog to Digital Converter for the PC’s Parallel Port. October, 1241–1242.

Internet Fryhle, Craig B.; Waldow, Dean A.; Bock, J. Chris. The FTNMR Free Induction Decay Archive. April, 442–443. Judd, Carolyn Sweeney. News from Online. (ROJ) March, 260. Judd, Carolyn Sweeney. News from Online. (ROJ) June, 620–621. Judd, Carolyn Sweeney. News from Online. (ROJ) September, 1028–1030. Judd, Carolyn Sweeney. News from Online. (ROJ) December, 1394–1395. Lundberg, Peter. Educational NMR Software. (CBB) December, 1489–1491. McGowan, Cynthia; Sendall, Patricia. Using the World Wide Web To Enhance Writing Assignments in Introductory Chemistry Courses. April, 391. Moore, John W. Fount of Information, Vanity Press, or Intellectual Tool. (Editorial) September, 1021. Parrill, Abby L.; Gervay, Jacquelyn. DiscoveryBased Stereochemistry Tutorials Available on the World Wide Web. March, 329. Sauder, Deborah; Towns, Marcy Hamby; Stout, Roland; Long, George; Zielinski, Theresa Julia. Physical Chemistry Students Explore Nonlinear Curve Fitting Online: An Experiment in Developing an Intercollegiate Learning Community. (CCD) March, 269– 270. Waldow, Dean A.; Fryhle, Craig B.; Bock, J. Chris. CIRRUS: A Chemistry Internet Resource for Research by Undergraduate Students. April, 441–442.


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Subject Index • Volume 74 • 1997 Introductory/High School Chemistry Anthocyanins: A Colorful Class of Compounds. (JCE Classroom Activity) October, 1176A– 1176B. Arnáiz, Francisco J. The Membrane Analogy for Surface Tension in Liquids. (AA) November, 1358. Ayas, Alipasa; Demirbas, Ayhan. Turkish Secondary Students’ Conceptions of Introductory Chemistry Concepts. May, 518–521. Banks, Alton J.; Holmes, Jon L. Periodic Table Live!: The Periodic Table CD. (JCE SOFT) April, 445–447. Barrow, Gordon M. An Essential Recognition: Two Valid Introductory Chemistries. October, 1154–1155. Beall, Herbert. Report on the WPI Conference: The General Chemistry Course Driven by the Laboratory. February, 153–154. Berenato, Gregory; Maynard, David F. A Simple Audio Conductivity Device. April, 415–417. Bindel, Thomas H.; Fochi, John C. Guided Discovery: Law of Specific Heats. (F&R) August, 955–958. Bowen, Craig W.; Phelps, Amy J. Demonstration-Based Cooperative Testing in General Chemistry: A Broader Assessment-of-Learning Technique. June, 715–719. Burns, Danny; Lewis, Don. A Quantitative Conductance Apparatus. May, 570–571. Busboom, Sally Young. Project Longhorn: A Pilot Project in the Use of Batch Computing in High School Chemistry Teaching. October, 1181–1184. Cady, Susan G. Use of Pom Pons to Illustrate Cubic Crystal Structures. (CET) July, 794– 795. Carlton, Terry S. Why and How To Teach Acid– Base Reactions without Equilibrium. August, 939–941. Carrière, François J.; Abouaf, Madeleine. Passion Research: A Joint Venture To Interest High School Students in Chemistry. January, 61–63. Coppola, Brian P.; Eg¯e, Seyhan N.; Lawton, Richard G. The University of Michigan Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum 2. Instructional Strategies and Assessment. January, 84–94. Craig, Arnold. Chemical Perspectives and Practice: A Chemistry Content Course for Prospective Teachers within the Framework of a State Systemic Initiative. (NSF) September, 1075. Crosby, G. A. The Necessary Role of Scientists in the Education of Elementary Teachers. March, 271–272. Davis, Scott A.; George, Arnold. Chemistry for Children: A Program in Precollege Chemistry for Elementary and Middle School Teachers. (CFK) January, 59–61. de Silva, A. Prasanna; Gunnlaugsson, Thorfinnur; McCoy, Colin P. Photoionic Supermolecules: Mobilizing the Charge and Light Brigades. (POC) January, 53–58. DeMeo, Stephen. Does Copper Metal React with Acetic Acid? July, 844–846. Diemente, Damon. Why Is Bismuth Subchloride Soluble in Acid? (AA) April, 398–399. Dutta Roy, S. C. Celsius to Fahrenheit and Vice Versa—Quick, Exact, and Neat. October, 1199. Eg¯e, Seyhan N.; Coppola, Brian P.; Lawton, Richard G. The University of Michigan Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum 1. Philosophy, Curriculum, and the Nature of Change. January, 74–83. Ellis, Arthur B. Elements of Curriculum Reform: Putting Solids in the Foundation. (Pimentel Award Address) September, 1033– 1040. Garofalo, Anthony. Housing Electrons: Relating Quantum Numbers, Energy Levels, and Electron Configuration. (AA) June, 709–710.

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Garritz, Andoni. The Painting–Sponging Analogy for Chemical Equilibrium. (AA) May, 544–545. General Chemistry Collection for Students on CD-ROM. (JCE SOFT) February, 191–193. Gillespie, Ronald J. Reforming the General Chemistry Textbook. May, 484. Gillespie, Ronald J. The Great Ideas of Chemistry. July, 862–864. Gulden, Terry D.; Norton, Kirk P.; Streckert, Holger H.; Woolf, Lawrence D.; Baron, Joseph A.; Brammer, Shauna C.; Ezell, Danine L.; Wynn, Roger D. Materials Science Teaching Module as Adjunct to General Chemistry. July, 785–786. Gunter, Mickey E.; Gammon, Steven D.; Kearney, Robert J.; Waller, Brenda E.; Oliver, David J. Development and Implementation of an Integrated Science Course for Elementary Education Majors. (NSF) February, 183. Guo, Chunshi. A New Inspection Method for Balancing Redox Equations. November, 1365–1366. Halstead, Judith A. Rain, Lakes, and Streams—Investigating Acidity and Buffering Capacity in the Environment. (JCE Classroom Activity) December, 1456A– 1456B. Hawkes, Stephen J. Graham’s Law and Perpetuation of Error. September, 1069. He, Fu-cheng; Li, Xiang-yuan. The Periodic Building of the Elements: Can the Periodic Table Be Transformed into Stereo? July, 792– 793. Hennis, April D.; Highberger, C. Scott; Schreiner, Serge. Formation and Dimerization of NO2: A General Chemistry Experiment. November, 1340–1342. Hermann, Christine K. F. The Shrinking Dollar Bill. (TD) November, 1357. Herndon, William C. On Balancing Chemical Equations: Past and Present. November, 1359–1362. Heuer, William B.; Koubek, Edward. An Investigation into the Absorption of Infrared Light by Small Molecules: A General Chemistry Experiment. March, 313–315. Jacobs, Stephen F. Challenges of Everyday Spectra. (CET) September, 1070. Jansen, Michael P. How Efficient Is a Laboratory Burner in Heating Water? (F&R) February, 213–215. Jasien, Paul G. Chemical Behavior. (AA) August, 943. Jones, Marjorie A. Use of a Classroom Jury Trial To Enhance Students’ Perception of Science as Part of Their Lives. May, 537. Kashmar, Richard J. The Use of Cut-Out Molecular Models on the Overhead Projector To Illustrate Stoichiometry and Limiting Reactants. (OPD) July, 791–792. Kelter, Paul B.; Grundman, Julie; Hage, David S.; Carr, James D.; Castro-Acuña, Carlos Mauricio. A Discussion of Water Pollution in the United States and Mexico; with High School Laboratory Activities for the Analysis of Lead, Atrazine, and Nitrate. December, 1413–1421. Kimbrough, Doris R. The Photochemistry of Sunscreens. (AA) January, 51–53. Kimbrough, Doris R.; Magoun, Mary Ann; Langfur, Meg. A Laboratory Experiment Investigating Different Aspects of Catalase Activity in an Inquiry-Based Approach. February, 210–212. Kimbrough, Doris R. Hot and Spicy vs. Cool and Minty as an Example of Organic Structure–Activity Relationships. (AA) July, 861– 862. Knopp, Michael A. Rayon from Dryer Lint: A Demonstration. (F&R) April, 401. Kolonie, Laura. Redox Rap. (LTE) January, 22. Kotz, John C.; Young, Susan. Periodic Table Live!: Chemistry Navigator Upgrade. (JCE SOFT) April, 445–447.


Krieger, Carla R. Stoogiometry: A Cognitive Approach to Teaching Stoichiometry. (VIEW) March, 306–309. Lewis, Don L. A Simple Boyle’s Law Experiment. February, 209–210. Macomber, Roger S. A Unifying Approach to Absorption Spectroscopy at the Undergraduate Level. January, 65–67. Mauldin, Robert F. Introducing Scientific Reasoning with the Penny Lab. August, 952–955. Mayfield, Darwin L. Notes on an Outreach Forum for High School Chemistry Teachers— An Unexpected Success. May, 523–524. McGowan, Cynthia; Sendall, Patricia. Using the World Wide Web To Enhance Writing Assignments in Introductory Chemistry Courses. April, 391. McLaughlin, K. W.; Wyffels, N. K.; Jentz, A. B.; Keenan, M. V. The Gelation of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) with Na2B4O7•10H2O: Killing Slime. January, 97–99. Midden, W. Robert. Rounding Numbers: Why the “New System” Doesn’t Work. April, 405. Narayanan, V. Anantha; Narayanan, Radha. Laser-Based Liquid Prism Sucrosemeter— A Precision Optical Method To Find Sugar Concentration. February, 221–223. O’Haver, Thomas C. Chemistry for Pre-Service Middle School Teachers. (NSF) May, 522. Olney, Dave. On Laboratory Work. (VIEW) November, 1343–1345. Olson, John A. An Analysis of the Algebraic Method for Balancing Chemical Reactions. May, 538–542. Pacer, Richard A. The Coupling of Related Demonstrations To Illustrate Principles in Chemical Kinetics and Equilibrium. May, 543–544. Peckham, Gavin D. Exponential Notation. January, 64–65. Pendarvis, Richard. The Traveling Electron. (AA) April, 396. Pendley, Bradford D. Keeping a Scientific Notebook: The Lego® Exercise. September, 1065. Perrin, Charles L. Reminder Sheets for Chemistry Examinations. October, 1180–1181. Phelps, Amy J.; LaPorte, Mark M.; Mahood, Aileen. Portfolio Assessment in High School Chemistry: One Teacher’s Guidelines. May, 528–531. Pope, Christopher G. X-Ray Diffraction and the Bragg Equation. January, 129–131. Randall, Jack. Integrating High School Chemistry with Environmental Studies and Research. (VIEW) December, 1409–1411. Rapp, Carl Steven. Getting Close with the Instructional Scanning Tunneling Microscope. September, 1087–1089. Richmond, Thomas G.; Parr, Amy. A U-Tube Experiment To Discover the Curve in Boyle’s Law. April, 414–415. Sabo, Mark; Sarquis, A. M.; Ennis, Chris. The PACT Ambassador Outreach Program: More Than Just a Bunch of “Old White-Haired Scientists”. April, 450–451. Sanger, Michael J.; Greenbowe, Thomas J. Students’ Misconceptions in Electrochemistry: Current Flow in Electrolyte Solutions and the Salt Bridge. July, 819–823. Sarquis, A. M. The Work’s Not Over—Roll Up Your Sleeves and Make a Difference. January, 17. Scharberg, Maureen A.; Cox, Oran E.; Barelli, Carl A. Creating and Using a Consumer Chemical Molecular Graphics Database: The “Molecule of the Day”—A Great Way To Begin Your Lecture. (CBB) July, 869–870. Schatz, Paul F.; Moore, John W.; Holmes, Jon L.; Kotz, John C. Periodic Table Live!: Illustrated Periodic Table Upgrade. April, 445–447. Siegrist, Eleanor; Anderson, Guy. Analysis of Mouthwash. (F&R) May, 567–568. Stein, Andreas. The Suggestion Box—An Old Idea Brings the “Real World” Back to Freshman Chemistry Students (and Professors). July, 788–790.

Volume 74 • 1997 • Subject Index Suzuki, Chieko; Ihda, Sumiyo; Suzuki, Mayumi; Kurumi, Seiji. Experimental Methods To Demonstrate Two Sorts of Physicochemical Behavior with a Resin Tube. (TD) September, 1071–1073. Taft, Hessy L. National Curriculum Survey of College General Chemistry (1993). May, 595– 599. Teggins, John; Mahaffy, Chris. Kinetics Studies Using a Washing Bottle. (F&R) May, 566. Thompson, Robert Q. The Thermodynamics of Drunk Driving. May, 532–536. Tóth, Zoltán. Balancing Chemical Equations by Inspection. November, 1363–1364. Van Ryswyk, Hal. A General Chemistry Experiment Incorporating Synthesis and Structural Determination. July, 842–844. Vandeever, Walter R., IV; Mosher, Mel. The Blue Bottle Revisited. (TD) April, 402. Walters, Christina; Keeney, Allen; Wigal, Carl T.; Johnston, Cynthia R.; Cornelius, Richard D. The Spectrophotometric Analysis and Modeling of Sunscreens. January, 99–102. West, Steven P.; Poon, Thomas; Anderson, Jamey L.; West, Michele A.; Foote, Christopher S. Extraction, Isolation and Characterization of Fullerene C60: A Safe and Reliable Separation Experiment. (F&R) March, 311–312. Wheeler, John C. Electron Affinities of the Alkaline Earth Metals and the Sign Convention for Electron Affinity. January, 123–127. Wynn, Charles M., Sr. Heat Flow vs. Cash Flow: A Banking Analogy. (AA) April, 397.

Ion Selective Electrodes Frant, Martin S. Where Did Ion Selective Electrodes Come From? The Story of Their Development and Commercialization. (Waters Symposium) February, 159–166. Light, Truman S. Industrial Use and Applications of Ion Selective Electrodes. (Waters Symposium) February, 171–177. Ruzicka, Jaromir. The Seventies—Golden Age for Ion Selective Electrodes. (Waters Symposium) February, 167–170. Young, C. C. Evolution of Blood Chemistry Analyzers Based on Ion Selective Electrodes. (Waters Symposium) February, 177–182.

IR Spectroscopy Burke, Jeffrey T. IR Spectroscopy or “Hooke’s Law at the Molecular Level”—A Joint Freshman Physics–Chemistry Experience. October, 1213. Casas, José María; Martín, Antonio. Simple Preparation of Palladium(II) Complexes and Determination of Their Structures by Infrared Spectroscopy. November, 1327–1328. Erre, Liliana Strinna; Micera, Giovanni; Glowiak, Tadeusz; Kozlowski, Henryk. Chromium(III) Acetate, Chromium(III) Acetate Hydroxide or µ3-Oxo-esakis-(µ2-acetylO,O′)-triaqua-trichromium(III) Acetate? Determining the Structure of a Complex Compound by Analytical and Spectroscopic Methods. April, 432–435. Hoyt, William C.; Mitschele, Jonathan. IR Spectroscopy Using Disposable Polyethylene Cards. (LTE) September, 1024. Meserole, Chad A.; Mulcahy, Francis M.; Lutz, John; Yousif, Hashim A. CO2 Absorption of IR Radiated by the Earth. March, 316–317. Ohno, Keiichi; Matsuura, Hiroatsu; Tanaka, Haruhiko. An Inexpensive Demountable IR Cell Fitted with Glass Windows. August, 961. Ramírez López, Elena G.; Albores-Velasco, Martha. Quantification of Polystyrene Acylation by IR Spectroscopy: An Experiment on Polymer IR Analysis. May, 551–552.

Isotopes El Seoud, Omar A.; Bazito, Reinaldo C.; Sumodjo, Paulo T. Kinetic Solvent Isotope Effect: A Simple, Multipurpose Physical Chemistry Experiment. May, 562–565.

Grehn, Leif; Ragnarsson, Ulf; Welch, Christopher J. Carbon–Carbon and Carbon–Nitrogen Spin–Spin Coupling in NMR Spectroscopy: Simple Examples Based on IsotopeLabeled Glycines. December, 1477–1479. Hutchison, S. G.; Hutchison, F. I. Radioactivity in Everyday Life. May, 501–505.

JCE Classroom Activity Anthocyanins: A Colorful Class of Compounds. (JCE Classroom Activity) October, 1176A– 1176B. Halstead, Judith A. Rain, Lakes, and Streams—Investigating Acidity and Buffering Capacity in the Environment. (JCE Classroom Activity) December, 1456A– 1456B. How Big Is the Balloon? Stoichiometry Using Baking Soda and Vinegar. (JCE Classroom Activity) November, 1328A–1328B. Lorenz, Julie K.; Olson, Joel A.; Campbell, Dean J.; Lisensky, George C.; Ellis, Arthur B. A Refrigerator Magnet Analog of ScanningProbe Microscopy. (JCE Classroom Activity) September, 1032A–1032B.

JCE Software Banks, Alton J.; Holmes, Jon L. Periodic Table Live!: The Periodic Table CD. (JCE SOFT) April, 445–447. Beck, John F.; Bunbury, David L. DNA Sequencing. (JCE SOFT) March, 346–347. Beck, John F.; Bunbury, David L. DNA Sequencing Update. (JCE SOFT) December, 1503–1504. Brown, Jason; Gorga, Frank R. Enzyme Lab: A Virtual Lab for Enzyme Kinetics. (JCE SOFT) July, 871–872. General Chemistry Collection for Students on CD-ROM. (JCE SOFT) February, 191–193. Jacobsen, Jerrold J.; Moore, John W. Chemistry Comes Alive!, Volume 1. (JCE SOFT) May, 607–608. Kim, Jae Hyun. Alkanes in Motion. (JCE SOFT) August, 1015. Kotz, John C.; Young, Susan. Periodic Table Live!: Chemistry Navigator Upgrade. (JCE SOFT) April, 445–447. Martin, John S. Periodic Table Games. (JCE SOFT) March, 346–347. Mayer, Ludwig A. Solid State Structures. (JCE SOFT) September, 1144. Mayer, Ludwig A. Solid State Structures. (JCE SOFT) October, 1246. Ramette, Richard W. FactGAME. (JCE SOFT) March, 346–347. Reimers, Jeffrey R.; Bacskay, George B.; Nordholm, Sture. The Basics of Covalent Bonding. (JCE SOFT) December, 1503–1504. Rioux, Frank. Enriching Quantum Chemistry with Mathcad. (JCE SOFT) August, 1016. Robinson, William R.; Tejchma, Joan F. A Window on the Solid State: Part I: Structures of Metals; Part II: Unit Cells of Metals; Part III: Structures of Ionic Solids; Part IV: Unit Cells of Ionic Solids. (JCE SOFT) September, 1143. Robinson, William R.; Tejchma, Joan F. A Window on the Solid State: Part I: Structures of Metals; Part II: Unit Cells of Metals; Part III: Structures of Ionic Solids; Part IV: Unit Cells of Ionic Solids. (JCE SOFT) October, 1245. Thorson, Gail M. Journal of Chemical Education on CD-ROM, September–December 1996. (JCE SOFT) January, 128. Thorson, Gail M. Journal of Chemical Education on CD-ROM, 1997. (JCE SOFT) November, 1375–1376. Whisnant, David M.; McCormick, James A. Lake Study for Windows Update. (JCE SOFT) July, 871–872.

Journal Policy Bell, Jerry A. Report from the Chair of the Board of Publication. (ACS) August, 896. Emerson, Kenneth. How Do We Keep the Journal So Affordable? (LTE) January, 8.

Journal Feature Columns: Mission Statements. January, 24. Moore, John W. Everyone Counts! Everyone Should Participate! (Editorial) January, 5. Moore, John W. The Cost of Journals. (Editorial) August, 877. Moore, John W. Fount of Information, Vanity Press, or Intellectual Tool. (Editorial) September, 1021. Secondary School Feature Columns: Mission Statements. September, 1042–1044.

Kinetics Bowers, Peter G.; Rubin, Mordecai B.; Noyes, Richard M.; Andueza, Dagmar. Carbon Dioxide Dissolution as a Relaxation Process: A Kinetics Experiment for Physical Chemistry. December, 1455–1458. Churio, M. S.; Grela, M. A. Photochemistry of Benzophenone in 2-Propanol: An Easy Experiment for Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Courses. April, 436–438. Clark, Charles R. A Stopped-Flow Kinetics Experiment for Advanced Undergraduate Laboratories: Formation of Iron(III) Thiocyannate. October, 1214–1217. Cooley, James H.; Williams, Richard Vaughan. endo- and exo-Stereochemistry in the Diels– Alder Reaction: Kinetic versus Thermodynamic Control. May, 582–585. Dakkouri, M.; Bodenmuller, W. Effect of Dielectric Constant and Ionic Strength on the Fading of N,N-Dimethylaminophenolphthalein in Alkaline Medium. May, 556–559. Duong, Michelle H.; Penrod, Samuel L.; Grant, Stanley B. Kinetics of p-Nitrophenol Degradation by Pseudomonas sp.: An Experiment Illustrating Bioremediation. December, 1451–1454. Durham, Bill; Millett, Frank. Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complexes and the ElectronTransfer Reactions of Metalloproteins. (SYM) June, 636–640. El Seoud, Omar A.; Bazito, Reinaldo C.; Sumodjo, Paulo T. Kinetic Solvent Isotope Effect: A Simple, Multipurpose Physical Chemistry Experiment. May, 562–565. Fister, Julius C., III; Harris, Joel M.; Rank, Diana; Wacholtz, William. Molecular Photophysics of Acridine Yellow Studied by Phosphorescence and Delayed Fluorescence: An Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Experiment. October, 1208–1212. Hahn, Roger C. Conversion of an Alkyl Chloride to a Bromide (or Vice Versa) by Homogeneous Nucleophile Exchange. (ML) July, 836–838. Hemalatha, M. R. K.; NoorBatcha, I. An Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Experiment on the Analysis of First-Order Kinetic Data. August, 972–974. Jarek, Russell L.; Flesher, Robert J.; Shin, Seung Koo. Kinetics of Internal Rotation of N,N-Dimethylacetamide: A Spin-Saturation Transfer Experiment—An Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Experiment Using FTNMR To Determine an Internal Rotational Barrier. August, 978–982. Klausen, Jörg; Meier, Markus A.; Schwarzenbach, René P. Assessing the Fate of Organic Contaminants in Aquatic Environments: Mechanism and Kinetics of Hydrolysis of a Carboxylic Ester. December, 1440–1444. Lambert, Frank L. Why Don’t Things Go Wrong More Often? Activation Energies: Maxwell’s Angels, Obstacles to Murphy’s Law. August, 947–948. Logan, S. R. Does a Photochemical Reaction Have a Reaction Order? November, 1303. Machuca-Herrera, Juan O. Nonlinear Curve Fitting Using Spreadsheets. (CBB) April, 448–449. Maestri, Mauro; Ballardini, Roberto; Pina, Fernando; Melo, Maria João. An Easy and Inexpensive Flash Spectroscopy Experiment. November, 1314–1316.


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Subject Index • Volume 74 • 1997 Martin, R. Bruce. Disadvantages of Double Reciprocal Plots. October, 1238–1240. Nóbrega, Joaquim A.; Rocha, Fábio R. P. Ionic Strength Effect on the Rate of Reduction of Hexacyanoferrate(III) by Ascorbic Acid: A Flow Injection Kinetic Experiment. May, 560–562. Pacer, Richard A. The Coupling of Related Demonstrations To Illustrate Principles in Chemical Kinetics and Equilibrium. May, 543–544. Pavlis, Robert R. Kinetics without Steady State Approximations. (CBB) September, 1139– 1140. Pojman, John A.; West, William W.; Simmons, Jennifer. Propagating Fronts of Polymerization in the Physical Chemistry Laboratory. June, 727–730. Ramachandran, B. R.; Halpern, Arthur M. A Novel Experiment in Chemical Kinetics: The B → C Reaction System. August, 975– A 978. Schultz, Emeric. Dice Shaking as an Analogy for Radioactive Decay and First-Order Kinetics. May, 505–507. Snehalatha, T.; Rajanna, K. C.; Saiprakash, P. K. Methylene Blue-Ascorbic Acid: An Undergraduate Experiment in Kinetics. February, 228–233. Soltzberg, Leonard J.; Bowers, Peter G.; Hofstetter, Christine. A Computer Model for Soda Bottle Oscillations: “The Bottelator”. June, 711–714. Starzak, Michael E. Illustrating Chemical Kinetic Principles with Ion Motions in Thin Membranes. April, 410–413. Teggins, John; Mahaffy, Chris. Kinetics Studies Using a Washing Bottle. (F&R) May, 566. Vandeever, Walter R., IV; Mosher, Mel. The Blue Bottle Revisited. (TD) April, 402. Yu, Qingjiang; Gao, Hongxia. A Simple Determination of NO2 Dimerization Equilibrium Constant. February, 233–234. Zielinski, Theresa Julia; Allendoerfer, Robert D. Least Squares Fitting of Nonlinear Data in the Undergraduate Laboratory. August, 1001–1007. Ziessel, Raymond F. Photoinduced Energy or Electron Transfer in Supramolecular Systems: Applications to Molecular Wires and Light-Harvesting Sensors. (SYM) June, 673– 679.

Laboratory Computing Kahn, D.; Viswanathan, R. Study of Molecular Cluster in Undergraduate Physical Chemistry. August, 982–984. Lieb, Shannon G. Simplex Method of Nonlinear Least-Squares—A Logical Complementary Method to Linear Least-Square Analysis of Data. August, 1008–1011. Machuca-Herrera, Juan O. Nonlinear Curve Fitting Using Spreadsheets. (CBB) April, 448–449. Meyer, Edwin F. A Note on Covariance in Propagation of Uncertainty. November, 1339–1340. Pavlis, Robert R. Kinetics without Steady State Approximations. (CBB) September, 1139– 1140. Ramachandran, B. R.; Halpern, Arthur M. A Novel Experiment in Chemical Kinetics: The B → C Reaction System. August, 975– A 978. Ritter, David; Johnson, Michael. Virtual Titrator: A Student-Oriented Instrument. January, 120–123. Sundheim, B. R. Sensitivity to Experimental Parameters via Spreadsheets. (CBB) March, 328. Zerbinati, Orfeo. A Simple and Inexpensive 8Bit Analog to Digital Converter for the PC’s Parallel Port. October, 1241–1242. Zielinski, Theresa Julia; Allendoerfer, Robert D. Least Squares Fitting of Nonlinear Data in the Undergraduate Laboratory. August, 1001–1007.

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Laboratory Equipment/Apparatus Abraham, Michael R.; Craolice, Mark S.; Graves, A. Palmer; Aldhamash, Abdulwali H.; Kihega, Joann G.; Gil, Julieta G. Palma; Varghese, Valsamma. The Nature and State of General Chemistry Laboratory Courses Offered by Colleges and Universities in the United States. May, 591–594. Bailey, Ronald A.; Desai, Sudhen B.; Hepfinger, Norbert F.; Hollinger, Henry B.; Locke, Peter S.; Miller, Kenneth J.; Deacutis, James J.; VanSteele, Donald R. Simultaneous Recording of Multiple Cooling Curves. June, 732–733. Boiko, V. P. An Apparatus for Fast Dilution. April, 439–440. Dunn, Jeffrey G.; Phillips, David N.; van Bronswijk, Wilhelm. An Exercise To Illustrate the Importance of Sample Preparation in Chemical Analysis. October, 1188–1190. Everett, T. Stephen. Eliminating Mercury Thermometers from the Lab. October, 1204. Gruber, Jonas; de Santana, Henrique; Gruber, Isaac; Gazotti, Wilson, Jr. Easily Built LowCost Apparatus To Measure Polymer Conductivity. April, 418–421. Hoyt, William C.; Mitschele, Jonathan. IR Spectroscopy Using Disposable Polyethylene Cards. (LTE) September, 1024. Kabza, Konrad G.; Cochran, Kevin. From Polarimeter to Contact Angle Goniometer—Inexpensive Conversion of Laboratory Equipment. March, 322–323. Kinzer, Dwight. A Microscale Laboratory Heating System. (ML) November, 1333–1335. Kolchinski, Alexander. The Floating Siphon— an Effective “Homemade” Device for High Dilution Experiments. October, 1190–1191. Lewis, Don L. A Simple Boyle’s Law Experiment. February, 209–210. Lowry, Thomas H. Removing Silicone Grease from Glassware. July, 841. Mahon, Andrew R. The Safe and Efficient Evaporation of a Solvent from Solution. February, 246. Mitschele, Jonathan. Elasticity To Measure Thermodynamic Properties. (LTE) April, 368. Narayanan, V. Anantha; Narayanan, Radha. Laser-Based Liquid Prism Sucrosemeter— A Precision Optical Method To Find Sugar Concentration. February, 221–223. Ohno, Keiichi; Matsuura, Hiroatsu; Tanaka, Haruhiko. An Inexpensive Demountable IR Cell Fitted with Glass Windows. August, 961. Ratliff, Judy L. Chemistry for the Visually Impaired. June, 710–711. Riley, Scott A.; Nishimura, A. M. An Inexpensive Photon Counter Interface for the Personal Computer. (CBB) October, 1243–1244. Shaw, Ralph. A Chemist’s Gift Guide. December, 1412. Shevlin, Charles G.; Coppersmith, Ward; Fish, Christopher; Block, Stanley; Vellema, William. Low-Cost Constant-Temperature Heating Block. (CET) August, 958–960. Shiowatana, Juwadee. Demonstrating Characteristics of a Spectrophotometer’s Components. (TICI) June, 730–731. Shusterman, Alan J.; McDougal, Patrick G.; Glasfeld, Arthur. Dry-Column Flash Chromatography. October, 1222–1223. Thomas, P. A. An Innovative Design of a Small Reactor. April, 440. Zerbinati, Orfeo. A Simple and Inexpensive 8Bit Analog to Digital Converter for the PC’s Parallel Port. October, 1241–1242.

Laboratory Instruction Abraham, Michael R.; Craolice, Mark S.; Graves, A. Palmer; Aldhamash, Abdulwali H.; Kihega, Joann G.; Gil, Julieta G. Palma; Varghese, Valsamma. The Nature and State of General Chemistry Laboratory Courses Offered by Colleges and Universities in the United States. May, 591–594.


Allen, Heather C.; Brauers, Theo; Finlayson-Pitts, Barbara J. Illustration of Deviations in the Beer–Lambert Law in an Instrumental Analysis Laboratory: Measuring Atmospheric Pollutants by Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometry. December, 1459–1462. Arnáiz, Francisco J. The Preparation of TlBF4. (ML) November, 1332–1333. Babaei, Ali; Connor, Paul A.; McQuillan, A. James; Umapathy, Siva. UV-Visible Spectroelectrochemistry of the Reduction Products of Anthraquinone in Dimethylformamide Solutions: An Advanced Undergraduate Experiment. October, 1200–1204. Bailey, Ronald A.; Desai, Sudhen B.; Hepfinger, Norbert F.; Hollinger, Henry B.; Locke, Peter S.; Miller, Kenneth J.; Deacutis, James J.; VanSteele, Donald R. Simultaneous Recording of Multiple Cooling Curves. June, 732–733. Beall, Herbert. Report on the WPI Conference: The General Chemistry Course Driven by the Laboratory. February, 153–154. Beeston, Ruth Freitag; Stitzel, Shannon E.; Rhea, Mitchell A. Investigation of Atropisomerism in ortho-Substituted Tetraphenylporphyrins: An Experimental Module Involving Synthesis, Chromatography, and NMR Spectroscopy. December, 1468–1471. Bindel, Thomas H.; Fochi, John C. Guided Discovery: Law of Specific Heats. (F&R) August, 955–958. Birdwhistell, Kurt R.; Lanza, Joann. Simple Synthesis and Use of a Nickel Alkene Isomerization Catalyst: An Advanced Lab in Inorganic/Organometallic Chemistry. May, 579–581. Boudjouk, Philip; Kim, Beon-Kyu; Han, ByungHee. Regioselective Hydrochlorination: An Experiment for the Undergraduate Laboratory. October, 1223–1224. Bowers, Peter G.; Rubin, Mordecai B.; Noyes, Richard M.; Andueza, Dagmar. Carbon Dioxide Dissolution as a Relaxation Process: A Kinetics Experiment for Physical Chemistry. December, 1455–1458. Bradley, Lynn M.; Springer, Joseph W.; Delate, Gregory M.; Goodman, Andrew. Epoxidation of Geraniol: An Advanced Organic Experiment that Illustrates Asymmetric Synthesis. November, 1336–1338. Bradley, Michael S.; Bratu, Cheryl. Vibrational Line Profiles As a Probe of Molecular Interactions. May, 553–555. Bravo-Díaz, Carlos; González-Romero, Elisa. Showing Properties of Food Foams with Common Dairy Foods. September, 1133– 1135. Breton, Gary W. The Wittig Reaction: Generation, Observation and Reactivity of a Phosphorous Ylide Intermediate—An Experiment for the Advanced Organic Chemistry Laboratory. January, 114–115. Brisbois, Ronald G.; Batterman, William G.; Kragerud, Scott R. Synthesis of 4-Nitro-1Pentynylbenzene: An Example of Transitional Metal-Mediated Cross-Coupling. (ML) July, 832–833. Brisbois, Ronald G.; Batterman, William G.; Kragerud, Scott R. Synthesis of Tetrahydro2-(2-propynyloxy)-2H-pyran: Illustrating Markownikov Addition, Protecting Groups, and Advanced 1H-NMR Phenomena. (ML) July, 834–835. Buckley, Paul D.; Jolley, Kenneth W.; Watson, Ian D. Projects in the Physical Chemistry Laboratory: Letting the Students Choose. May, 549–551. Bugg, Timothy D. H.; Lewin, Andrew M.; Catlin, Eric R. Regiospecific Ester Hydrolysis by Orange Peel Esterase: An Undergraduate Experiment. January, 105–107. Bunjes, Alex; Eilks, Ingo; Pahlke, Manfred; Ralle, Bernd. On the Disproportionations of Cyclohexene and Related Compounds. November, 1323–1325.

Volume 74 • 1997 • Subject Index Bunting, Roger K.; Swarat, Karsten; Yan, DaJing; Finello, Duane. Synthesis and Characterization of a Conducting Polymer: An Electrochemical Experiment of General Chemistry. April, 421–423. Burke, Jeffrey T. IR Spectroscopy or “Hooke’s Law at the Molecular Level”—A Joint Freshman Physics–Chemistry Experience. October, 1213. Butera, R. A.; Waldeck, D. H. X-Ray Diffraction Investigation of Alloys. January, 115–119. Butera, R. A.; Waldeck, D. H. The Dependence of Resistance on Temperature for Metals, Semiconductors, and Superconductors. September, 1090–1094. Bylkas, Sheri A.; Andersson, Laura A. Microburger Biochemistry: Extraction and Spectral Characterization of Myoglobin from Hamburger. April, 426–430. Casas, José María; Martín, Antonio. Simple Preparation of Palladium(II) Complexes and Determination of Their Structures by Infrared Spectroscopy. November, 1327–1328. Cassidy, John; Fitzpatrick, Fiona; Culhane, Sean. A Simple Undergraduate Concentration Step Experiment. August, 964. Cawley, John J.; Lindner, Patrick E. The AcidCatalyzed Dehydration of an Isomeric 2Methylcyclohexanol Mixture: A Kinetic and Regiochemical Study of the Evelyn Effect. January, 102–104. Charles, Melissa J.; Martin, Nea W.; Msimanga, Huggins Z. Simultaneous Determination of Aspirin, Salicylamide, and Caffeine in Pain Relievers by Target Factor Analysis. September, 1114–1117. Chowdhry, Babur; Leharne, Stephen. Simulation and Analysis of Differential Scanning Calorimetry Output: Protein Unfolding Studies 1. February, 236–241. Churio, M. S.; Grela, M. A. Photochemistry of Benzophenone in 2-Propanol: An Easy Experiment for Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Courses. April, 436–438. Clark, Charles R. A Stopped-Flow Kinetics Experiment for Advanced Undergraduate Laboratories: Formation of Iron(III) Thiocyannate. October, 1214–1217. Clarke, David W. Acetone and Ethyl Acetate in Commercial Nail Polish Removers: A Quantitative NMR Experiment Using an Internal Standard. December, 1464–1465. Conradi, S.; Vogt, C.; Rohde, E. Separation of Enantiomeric Barbiturates by Capillary Electrophoresis Using a Cyclodextrin Containing Run Buffer. September, 1122–1125. Cooley, James H.; Williams, Richard Vaughan. endo- and exo-Stereochemistry in the Diels– Alder Reaction: Kinetic versus Thermodynamic Control. May, 582–585. Deal, S. Todd; Hurst, Michael O. Utilizing Isolation, Purification, and Characterization of Enzymes as Project-Oriented Labs for Undergraduate Biochemistry. February, 241– 242. DeMeo, Stephen. Does Copper Metal React with Acetic Acid? July, 844–846. Dominguez, Ana; Fernández, Aurora; González, Noemí; Iglesias, Emilia; Montenegro, Luis. Determination of Critical Micelle Concentration of Some Surfactants by Three Techniques. October, 1227–1231. Duong, Michelle H.; Penrod, Samuel L.; Grant, Stanley B. Kinetics of p-Nitrophenol Degradation by Pseudomonas sp.: An Experiment Illustrating Bioremediation. December, 1451–1454. El Seoud, Omar A.; Bazito, Reinaldo C.; Sumodjo, Paulo T. Kinetic Solvent Isotope Effect: A Simple, Multipurpose Physical Chemistry Experiment. May, 562–565. Escandar, Graciela M.; Sala, Luis F. Rigorous Potentiometric Determination of Metal Complexes Stability Constants: An Undergraduate Laboratory Practice. November, 1329– 1331.

Fister, Julius C., III; Harris, Joel M.; Rank, Diana; Wacholtz, William. Molecular Photophysics of Acridine Yellow Studied by Phosphorescence and Delayed Fluorescence: An Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Experiment. October, 1208–1212. Flowers, Paul A. Potentiometric Measurement of Transition Ranges and Titration Errors for Acid/Base Indicators. July, 846–847. Fontana, Sabine G.; Goldfarb, Theodore D. Reduction of Chlorinated Dibenzodioxin and Dibenzofuran Formation in the Beilstein Test. July, 838–841. Forslund, Bertil. A Simple Laboratory Demonstration of Electrochromism. August, 962– 963. Fountain, C. Wes; Jennings, Jeanne; McKie, Cheryl K.; Oakman, Patrice; Fetterolf, Monty L. Viscosity of Common Seed and Vegetable Oils. February, 224–227. Fryhle, Craig B.; Waldow, Dean A.; Bock, J. Chris. The FTNMR Free Induction Decay Archive. April, 442–443. Garner, Charles M.; Nething, Matthew; Nguyen, Phuc. Synthesis of a Superabsorbent Polymer. January, 95–96. Gilles de Pelichy, Laurent D.; Adam, Carl; Smith, Eugene T. Analysis of the Essential Nutrient Strontium in Marine Aquariums by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: An Undergraduate Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Exercise. October, 1192–1194. Glaunsinger, William S.; Ramakrishna, B. L.; Garcia, Antonio A.; Pizziconi, Vincent. Multidisciplinary Scanning Probe Microscopy Laboratory. (NSF) March, 310. Grant, Christopher A.; Hardwick, J. L. Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy of Small Molecules: A Physical Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. March, 318–321. Grehn, Leif; Ragnarsson, Ulf; Welch, Christopher J. Carbon–Carbon and Carbon–Nitrogen Spin–Spin Coupling in NMR Spectroscopy: Simple Examples Based on IsotopeLabeled Glycines. December, 1477–1479. Gsponer, Héctor E.; Argüello, Gustavo A.; Argüello, Gerardo A. Determination of pK a from Luminescence Quenching Data: An Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment. August, 968–972. Gulden, Terry D.; Norton, Kirk P.; Streckert, Holger H.; Woolf, Lawrence D.; Baron, Joseph A.; Brammer, Shauna C.; Ezell, Danine L.; Wynn, Roger D. Materials Science Teaching Module as Adjunct to General Chemistry. July, 785–786. Hahn, Roger C. Conversion of an Alkyl Chloride to a Bromide (or Vice Versa) by Homogeneous Nucleophile Exchange. (ML) July, 836–838. Hanson, R. W. Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation Reactions for Undergraduate Practical Programs. April, 430–431. Hathaway, Bruce A.; Scates, Angela M. Preparation and Solution Polymerization of Diacetylenes. January, 111. Heavers, Richard M. Convection in a Continuously Stratified Fluid. August, 965–967. Hemalatha, M. R. K.; NoorBatcha, I. An Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Experiment on the Analysis of First-Order Kinetic Data. August, 972–974. Hennis, April D.; Highberger, C. Scott; Schreiner, Serge. Formation and Dimerization of NO2: A General Chemistry Experiment. November, 1340–1342. Hernàndez-Borrell, Jordi; Montero, M. Teresa. Calculating Microspecies Concentration of Zwitterion Amphoteric Compounds: Ciprofloxacin as Example. November, 1311– 1314. Herrera-Melián, José Alberto; Doña-Rodríguez, José Miguel; Hernández-Brito, Joaquín; Peña, Jesús Pérez. Voltammetric Determination of Ni and Co in Water Samples. December, 1444–1445.

Heuer, William B.; Koubek, Edward. An Investigation into the Absorption of Infrared Light by Small Molecules: A General Chemistry Experiment. March, 313–315. Hickman, Raymond J. S.; Neill, Jane. Influence of pH on Drug Absorption from the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Simple Chemical Model. July, 855–856. Hiegel, Gene A.; Chaharmohal, Afshin K. The TCICA Test for Distinguishing Primary and Secondary Alcohols. April, 423. Holmes, L. H., Jr. An Easy Way To Make Chlorine Water. November, 1326. Howell, Joseph; deLannoy, Peter. An Undergraduate Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiment: The Multistep Synthesis of a Modified Nucleoside. August, 990–991. Ibanez, Jorge G.; Gomez, Flora; Konik, Ivonne; Lozano, Diana E.; Mugica, Alejandra; Gonzalez-Mesa, Carmen; Singh, M. M.; Szafran, Z.; Pike, R. M. Preparation of Semiconducting Materials in the Laboratory Part 2: Microscale Chemical Bath Deposition of Materials with Band Gap Energies in the UV, Vis, and IR. October, 1205–1207. Ibanez, Jorge G.; Singh, M. M.; Pike, R. M.; Szafran, Z. Laboratory Experiments on Electrochemical Remediation of the Environment. Part 2: Microscale Indirect Electrolytic Destruction of Organic Wastes. (ML) December, 1449–1450. Jansen, Michael P. How Efficient Is a Laboratory Burner in Heating Water? (F&R) February, 213–215. Jarek, Russell L.; Flesher, Robert J.; Shin, Seung Koo. Kinetics of Internal Rotation of N,N-Dimethylacetamide: A Spin-Saturation Transfer Experiment—An Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Experiment Using FTNMR To Determine an Internal Rotational Barrier. August, 978–982. Jarret, Ronald M.; New, Jamie; Karaliolis, Kalliopi. Reactions of Bromine with Diphenylethylenes: An Introduction to Electrophilic Substitution. January, 109–110. Jones, Colleen M. An Introduction to Research in Protein Folding for Undergraduates. (CIB) November, 1306–1310. Juhl, Lorie; Yearsley, Kaye; Silva, Andrew J. Interdisciplinary Project-Based Learning through an Environmental Water Quality Study. December, 1431–1433. Kelter, Paul B.; Grundman, Julie; Hage, David S.; Carr, James D.; Castro-Acuña, Carlos Mauricio. A Discussion of Water Pollution in the United States and Mexico; with High School Laboratory Activities for the Analysis of Lead, Atrazine, and Nitrate. December, 1413–1421. Kennedy, A. P., Sr. Determination of Enthalpy of Vaporization Using a Microwave Oven. October, 1231–1232. Kharas, Gregory B. A New Investigative Sophomore Organic Laboratory Involving Individual Research Projects. July, 829–831. Kimbrough, Doris R.; Magoun, Mary Ann; Langfur, Meg. A Laboratory Experiment Investigating Different Aspects of Catalase Activity in an Inquiry-Based Approach. February, 210–212. Kjonaas, Richard A.; Soller, Jean L.; McCoy, Leslee A. Identification of Volatile Flavor Components by Headspace Analysis: A Quick and Easy Experiment for Introducing GC/MS. September, 1104–1105. Klausen, Jörg; Meier, Markus A.; Schwarzenbach, René P. Assessing the Fate of Organic Contaminants in Aquatic Environments: Mechanism and Kinetics of Hydrolysis of a Carboxylic Ester. December, 1440–1444. Kolchinski, Alexander. The Floating Siphon— an Effective “Homemade” Device for High Dilution Experiments. October, 1190–1191. Laing, Michael. An Inexpensive Kit for Constructing Models of Crystals. July, 795– 796.


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Subject Index • Volume 74 • 1997 Lamba, Ram; Sharma, Shiva; Lloyd, Baird W. Constructing Chemical Concepts through a Study of Metals and Metal Ions: Guided Inquiry Experiments for General Chemistry. September, 1095–1099. Leenson, I. A. Identification of Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Alcohols: An Experiment in Spectrophotometry, Organic Chemistry, and Analytical Chemistry. April, 424–425. Lewis, Don L. A Simple Boyle’s Law Experiment. February, 209–210. Lieb, Shannon G. Simplex Method of Nonlinear Least-Squares—A Logical Complementary Method to Linear Least-Square Analysis of Data. August, 1008–1011. Maestri, Mauro; Ballardini, Roberto; Pina, Fernando; Melo, Maria João. An Easy and Inexpensive Flash Spectroscopy Experiment. November, 1314–1316. Malherbe, Johannes S.; Meyer, Cornelius J. A Mini-Qualitative Carbohydrate Analysis Session. November, 1304–1305. Matthews, Fred J. Methylation of Isobutyrophenone Using Potassium Triphenylmethide: An Advanced Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. August, 996–998. Mauldin, Robert F. Introducing Scientific Reasoning with the Penny Lab. August, 952–955. May, Michael A.; Gupta, Vijay K. Electrochemistry “Discovery” Course for Undergraduates. July, 824–828. McDaniel, Keith F.; Weekly, R. Matthew. The Diels–Alder Reaction of 2,4-Hexadien-1-ol with Maleic Anhydride: A Novel Preparation for the Undergraduate Organic Chemistry Laboratory Course. December, 1465–1467. McLaughlin, K. W.; Wyffels, N. K.; Jentz, A. B.; Keenan, M. V. The Gelation of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) with Na2B4O7•10H2O: Killing Slime. January, 97–99. Mega, T. L.; Carlson, C. B.; Cleary, D. A. Following Glycolysis Using 13 C NMR: An Experiment Adaptable to Different Undergraduate Levels. December, 1474–1476. Meserole, Chad A.; Mulcahy, Francis M.; Lutz, John; Yousif, Hashim A. CO2 Absorption of IR Radiated by the Earth. March, 316–317. Moeur, Harriet P.; Swatik, Sharon A.; Pinnell, Robert P. Microscale Dehydration of Cyclohexanol Using a Macroreticular Cation Exchange Resin as Catalyst. (ML) July, 833. Moody, Anne E.; Foster, Kimberly A. The Organic Lab: A Status Quo Report and a TwoSemesters-in-One Approach. May, 587–591. Muyskens, Mark A. An Integrated-Circuit Temperature Sensor for Calorimetry and Differential Temperature Measurement. July, 850– 853. Narayanan, V. Anantha; Narayanan, Radha. Laser-Based Liquid Prism Sucrosemeter— A Precision Optical Method To Find Sugar Concentration. February, 221–223. Nash, John J.; Nurrenbern, Susan C.; Meyer, Jeanne A. R. Waste Treatment in the Undergraduate Laboratory: Let the Students Do It! (LTE) October, 1152. Novick, S. G. Complexometric Titration of Zinc: An Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. December, 1463. Olney, Dave. On Laboratory Work. (VIEW) November, 1343–1345. Orbell, John D.; Godhino, Leroy; Bigger, Stephen W.; Nguyen, Thi Man; Ngeh, Lawrence N. Oil Spill Remediation Using Magnetic Particles: An Experiment in Environmental Technology. December, 1446– 1448. Pandey, Siddharth; Powell, Joyce R.; McHale, Mary E. R.; Acree, William E., Jr. Quantitative Determination of Cr(III) and Co(II) Using a Spectroscopic H-Point Standard Addition Method. July, 848–850. Pandita, Sangeeta; Goyla, Samta. A Convenient Procedure for Microscale Bezoylations. (ML) November, 1335.

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Parquet, Eric; Lin, Qun. Microwave-Assisted Wolff–Kishner Reduction Reaction. October, 1225. Pavia, Donald; Wicholas, Mark. From UNIX to PC via X-Windows: Molecular Modeling for the General Chemistry Lab. (NSF) April, 444. Pendley, Bradford D. Keeping a Scientific Notebook: The Lego® Exercise. September, 1065. Pojman, John A.; West, William W.; Simmons, Jennifer. Propagating Fronts of Polymerization in the Physical Chemistry Laboratory. June, 727–730. Poon, Thomas; Mundy, Bradford P.; McIntyre, Jean; Woods, Lesley; Favaloro, Frank G., Jr.; Goudreau, Christina A. Kinetic vs. Thermodynamic Control in the Dehydration of 2Methylcyclopentanol: A Two-Part Laboratory Experiment Utilizing the Grignard Reaction and GC-MS. October, 1218–1219. Ramírez López, Elena G.; Albores-Velasco, Martha. Quantification of Polystyrene Acylation by IR Spectroscopy: An Experiment on Polymer IR Analysis. May, 551–552. Ratliff, Judy L. Chemistry for the Visually Impaired. June, 710–711. Rhoads, Charlene M.; Farquar, George R.; Wood, William F. Ozonolysis Experiments Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry: An Undergraduate Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. October, 1220–1221. Ricci, Robert W.; Van Doren, Jane M. Using Dynamic Simulation Software in the Physical Chemistry Laboratory. November, 1372– 1374. Richmond, Thomas G.; Parr, Amy. A U-Tube Experiment To Discover the Curve in Boyle’s Law. April, 414–415. Riley, Scott A.; Franklin, Nathan R.; Oudinarath, Bobbie; Wong, Sally; Congalton, David; Nishimura, A. M. Measurement of Evaporation Rates of Organic Liquids by Optical Interference. November, 1320–1322. Riyazuddin, P.; Devika, D. Potentiometric Acid– Base Titrations with Activated Graphite Electrodes. October, 1198–1199. Rob, Abdul; Ball, Andrew S.; Tuncer, Munir; Wilson, Michael T. Novel Applications of Peroxidase. February, 212. Rubinson, Judith F.; Neyer-Hilvert, Jennifer. Integration of GC/MS Instrumentation into the Undergraduate Laboratory: Separation and Identification of Fatty Acids in Commercial Fats and Oils. September, 1106–1108. Schaeffer, Richard W.; Chan, Benny; Molinaro, Michael; Morissey, Susan; Yoder, Claude H.; Yoder, Carolyn S.; Shenk, Stephanie. Synthesis, Characterization, and Lewis Acidity of SnI2 and SnI4. May, 575–577. Schultz, Emeric. Dice Shaking as an Analogy for Radioactive Decay and First-Order Kinetics. May, 505–507. Shalhoub, George M. Visible Spectra Conjugated Dyes: Integrating Quantum Chemical Concepts with Experimental Data. November, 1317–1319. Shusterman, Alan J.; McDougal, Patrick G.; Glasfeld, Arthur. Dry-Column Flash Chromatography. October, 1222–1223. Siders, Paul. Calorimetric Determination of Aqueous Ion Enthalpies. February, 235–236. Siegrist, Eleanor; Anderson, Guy. Analysis of Mouthwash. (F&R) May, 567–568. Simek, Jan William; Tuck, Thad; Courter Bush, Kelly. Reduction of Carboxylic Acids with Sodium Borohydride and an Electrophile. January, 107–108. Smith, Marion W.; Brown, Renee; Smullin, Steven; Eager, Jon. Photosensitized Peroxidation of Lipids: An Experiment Using 1H-NMR. December, 1471–1473. Smoot, Alison L.; Lindquist, David A. Properties of Zeolite A Obtained from Powdered Laundry Detergent: An Undergraduate Chemistry Experiment. May, 569–570. Snehalatha, T.; Rajanna, K. C.; Saiprakash, P. K. Methylene Blue-Ascorbic Acid: An Under-


graduate Experiment in Kinetics. February, 228–233. Stein, Paul J. The Sweetness of Aspartame: A Biochemistry Lab for Health Science Chemistry Courses. September, 1112–1113. Stephani, Ralph; Cesare, Victor. Resolution of Racemic Phenylsuccinic Acid Using (–)-Proline as a Resolving Agent: An Introductory Organic Chemistry Experiment. October, 1226. Stolzberg, Richard J. Screening and Sequential Experimentation: Simulations and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Experiments. February, 216–220. Sundheim, B. R. Sensitivity to Experimental Parameters via Spreadsheets. (CBB) March, 328. Tanis, Michael W. A –78 °C Sequential Michael Addition for the Organic Lab. January, 112– 113. Teggins, John; Mahaffy, Chris. Kinetics Studies Using a Washing Bottle. (F&R) May, 566. Thompson, Lynn; Veening, Hans; Strein, Timothy G. Capillary Electrophoresis in the Undergraduate Instrumental Analysis Laboratory: Determination of Common Analgesic Formulations. September, 1117–1121. Thompson, Lynn; Veening, Hans; Strein, Timothy G. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1117–1121. (Corrections) December, 1384. Trehan, Inder R.; Brar, Jasvinder S.; Arora, Ajay K.; Kad, Goverdhan L. Fries Rearrangement Accelerated by Microwave Radiation in the Undergraduate Organic Laboratory. March, 324. Urriolabeitia, Esteban P. Coordination Chemistry of Pd (II) Complexes with P-Donor Ligands: An Introduction to Synthesis and Structural Characterization in Coordination Chemistry. March, 325–327. Van Arman, Scott A.; Thomsen, Marcus W. HPLC for Undergraduate Introductory Laboratories. January, 49–50. Van Ryswyk, Hal. A General Chemistry Experiment Incorporating Synthesis and Structural Determination. July, 842–844. Vitha, Mark F.; Carr, Peter W. A Laboratory Exercise in Statistical Analysis of Data. August, 998–1000. Vogt, C.; Conradi, S.; Rohde, E. Determination of Caffeine and Other Purine Compounds in Food and Pharmaceuticals by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography. September, 1126–1130. Voige, William H. Extraction and Assay of Ornithine Decarboxylase: A Laboratory Experiment That Introduces Principles of Radiochemical Enzymatic Assay. August, 988–990. Walczak, Mary M.; Dryer, Deborah A.; Jacobson, Dana D.; Foss, Michele G.; Flynn, Nolan T. pH Dependent Redox Couple: Illustrating the Nernst Equation Using Cyclic Voltammetry. October, 1195–1197. Walsh, Thomas D.; Koontz, Curtis S. Determination of the Enantiomeric Purity of Naproxen: An Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. May, 585–586. Walters, Christina; Keeney, Allen; Wigal, Carl T.; Johnston, Cynthia R.; Cornelius, Richard D. The Spectrophotometric Analysis and Modeling of Sunscreens. January, 99– 102. Weidenhamer, Jeffrey D. Environmental Projects in the Quantitative Analysis Lab. December, 1437–1440. Welch, Christopher J. An Experiment To Demonstrate Magnetic Nonequivalence in Proton NMR. February, 247–248. West, Steven P.; Poon, Thomas; Anderson, Jamey L.; West, Michele A.; Foote, Christopher S. Extraction, Isolation and Characterization of Fullerene C60: A Safe and Reliable Separation Experiment. (F&R) March, 311– 312. Wiskamp, Volker. Waste Treatment in the Undergraduate Laboratory: Let the Students Do It! (LTE) October, 1152.

Volume 74 • 1997 • Subject Index Wong, Jon W.; Ngim, Kenley K.; Shibamoto, Takayuki; Mabury, Scott A.; Eiserich, Jason P.; Yeo, Helen C. H. Determination of Formaldehyde in Cigarette Smoke. September, 1100–1103. Yang, Min J.; Orton, Maureen L.; Pawliszyn, Janusz. Quantitative Determination of Caffeine in Beverages Using a Combined SPME-GC/MS Method. September, 1130– 1132. Yarger, J. L.; Nieman, R. A.; Bieber, A. L. NMR Titration Used to Observe Specific Proton Dissociation in Polyprotic Tripeptides: An Undergraduate Biochemistry Lab. February, 243–246. Yu, Qingjiang; Gao, Hongxia. A Simple Determination of NO2 Dimerization Equilibrium Constant. February, 233–234. Zerbinati, Orfeo. A Simple and Inexpensive 8Bit Analog to Digital Converter for the PC’s Parallel Port. October, 1241–1242. Zielinski, Theresa Julia; Allendoerfer, Robert D. Least Squares Fitting of Nonlinear Data in the Undergraduate Laboratory. August, 1001–1007.

Laser Spectroscopy Bradley, Michael S.; Bratu, Cheryl. Vibrational Line Profiles As a Probe of Molecular Interactions. May, 553–555. Hughes, Elvin, Jr.; Holmes, L. H., Jr. Using Lasers To Demonstrate Refraction, Diffraction, and Dispersion. (TD) March, 298. Muyskens, Mark A.; Sevy, Eric T. The Remarkable Resilience of Beer’s Law. September, 1138. Narayanan, V. Anantha; Narayanan, Radha. Laser-Based Liquid Prism Sucrosemeter— A Precision Optical Method To Find Sugar Concentration. February, 221–223. Roalstad, Shelly; Rue, Chad; LeMaster, Clifford B.; Lasko, Carol. A Room-Temperature Emission Lifetime Experiment for the Physical Chemistry Laboratory. July, 853–855.

Letters to the Editor Arnáiz, Francisco J. Assessment of Knowledge. (LTE) December, 1384. Bader, Morris. Ionization Constants. (LTE) October, 1160. Battino, Rubin; Wood, Scott E. An Exceptional Theoretical Process. (LTE) March, 256. Belandria, José Iraides. Response to Letters to the Editor about “An Exceptional Theoretical Process”. (LTE) March, 286–290. Billo, E. Joseph. Spreadsheet Grade Books. (LTE) February, 144. Bills, James L. Why the 4s Orbital is Occupied before the 3d. (LTE) June, 616. Blatchley, Ronald C. The Joys of Liquid Nitrogen. (LTE) June, 616–617. Calloway, Dean. Beer–Lambert Law. (LTE) July, 744. Ellerton, Dean. Redox Rap. (LTE) December, 1384. Emerson, Kenneth. How Do We Keep the Journal So Affordable? (LTE) January, 8. Freeman, Robert D. An Exceptional Theoretical Process. (LTE) March, 281–282. Freeman, Robert D. Collective Reply to Belandria’s Response to Letters to the Editor about “An Exceptional Theoretical Process”. (LTE) March, 290–292. Freeman, Robert D. The Dimensions of Logarithmic Quantities. (LTE) August, 900. Freeman, Wade A.; Goh, Ngoh-Khang; Chia, L. S.; Hart, David M.; Lucas, Eric A.; Perry, David J.; Subramaniam, R.; ten Hoor, Marten J.; Toby, Sidney; Treptow, Richard S. How Do I Balance Thee?… Let Me Count the Ways! (LTE) November, 1271. García-Doménech, R.; de Julián-Ortiz, J. V.; Antón-Fos, G. M.; Gálvez-Alvares, J. Dissociation Constant for a Monoprotic Acid. (LTE) August, 899.

Gillespie, Ronald J.; Spencer, James N.; Moog, Richard S. Demystification at What Cost? (LTE) May, 480. Giomini, Claudio; Marrosu, Giancarlo; Cardinali, Mario E. Double Redox Reactions. (LTE) July, 744. Glaister, P. Titration Cure Analysis: Some Observations. (LTE) July, 760–761. Gutiérrez, Claudio. Discovery of the Elements. (LTE) October, 1152. Hall, A. C. What a Tangled Web. (LTE) August, 880. Hawkes, Stephen J. Discovery of the Elements. (LTE) October, 1152. Hoyt, William C.; Mitschele, Jonathan. IR Spectroscopy Using Disposable Polyethylene Cards. (LTE) September, 1024. Kauffman, George B. Principal Net Equations. (LTE) April, 368. Kauffman, George B.; Hall, Charles R. Stable Solutions for the Iodine Clock Reaction. (LTE) June, 616. Kauffman, George B. Chemical Magic: An Update. (LTE) August, 900. Kolb, Doris. Egg in the Bottle. (LTE) December, 1396. Kolonie, Laura. Redox Rap. (LTE) January, 22. Kovac, Jeffrey D. Ethics for Scientists. (LTE) July, 744. Laing, Michael. What a Tangled Web. (LTE) August, 880. Logan, S. R. Free Energy. (LTE) January, 22. Ludwig, Oliver G. On Balancing “Redox Challenges” by Unconventional Oxidation Numbers. (LTE) November, 1270–1271. Melrose, Melvyn P.; Scerri, Eric R. Why the 4s Orbital is Occupied before the 3d. (LTE) June, 616. Mitschele, Jonathan. Spreadsheet Grade Books. (LTE) February, 144. Mitschele, Jonathan. Elasticity To Measure Thermodynamic Properties. (LTE) April, 368. Moseley, Charles G. Spreadsheet Grade Books. (LTE) February, 144. Nash, John J.; Nurrenbern, Susan C.; Meyer, Jeanne A. R. Waste Treatment in the Undergraduate Laboratory: Let the Students Do It! (LTE) October, 1152. Nash, Leonard K. An Exceptional Theoretical Process. (LTE) March, 282. Nelson, Rodger S. Redox Challenges. (LTE) November, 1256. Nolan, William T.; Gish, Thaddeus J. The Joys of Liquid Nitrogen. (LTE) June, 617. Obendrauf, Viktor. Egg in the Bottle. (LTE) December, 1396. Olivares, Wilmer; Colmenares, Pedro J. An Exceptional Theoretical Process. (LTE) March, 282–285. Ramette, Richard W. Dissociation Constant for a Monoprotic Acid. (LTE) August, 880. Roo, S.; Vermeire, L.; Görller-Walrand, C. Ionization Constants. (LTE) October, 1160– 1161. Ruekberg, Ben. Computation of Vapor Pressure. (LTE) January, 8. Scerri, Eric R. Demystification at What Cost? (LTE) May, 480. Sharma, Brahama D. Group Theory in Advanced Inorganic Chemistry. (LTE) October, 1152. Smith, Marion W.; Russell, Charles E. To Weigh. (LTE) August, 900. Sobkowiak, Andrzej. Redox Challenges. (LTE) November, 1256. Sommerer, Shaun O. Ethics for Scientists. (LTE) July, 744. Tóth, Zoltán. Double Redox Reactions. (LTE) July, 744. Tóth, Zoltán. On Balancing “Redox Challenges” by Unconventional Oxidation Numbers. (LTE) November, 1270. Treptow, Richard S. Free Energy. (LTE) January, 22. Tykodi, R. J. An Exceptional Theoretical Process. (LTE) March, 286.

Wiskamp, Volker. Waste Treatment in the Undergraduate Laboratory: Let the Students Do It! (LTE) October, 1152. Woolf, A. A. On Balancing “Redox Challenges” by Unconventional Oxidation Numbers. (LTE) November, 1270.

Liquids Arnáiz, Francisco J. The Membrane Analogy for Surface Tension in Liquids. (AA) November, 1358. Burns, Danny; Lewis, Don. A Quantitative Conductance Apparatus. May, 570–571. Cassidy, John; Fitzpatrick, Fiona; Culhane, Sean. A Simple Undergraduate Concentration Step Experiment. August, 964. Fountain, C. Wes; Jennings, Jeanne; McKie, Cheryl K.; Oakman, Patrice; Fetterolf, Monty L. Viscosity of Common Seed and Vegetable Oils. February, 224–227. Gesser, H. D.; Ward, Ian. The Disappearing Liquid. (TD) November, 1357. Heavers, Richard M. Convection in a Continuously Stratified Fluid. August, 965–967. Kennedy, A. P., Sr. Determination of Enthalpy of Vaporization Using a Microwave Oven. October, 1231–1232.

Luminescence de Silva, A. Prasanna; Gunnlaugsson, Thorfinnur; McCoy, Colin P. Photoionic Supermolecules: Mobilizing the Charge and Light Brigades. (POC) January, 53–58. Demas, J. N.; DeGraff, B. A. Applications of Luminescent Transition Metal Complexes to Sensor Technology and Molecular Probes. (SYM) June, 690–695. Ellis, Arthur B.; Brainard, Robert J.; Kepler, Keith D.; Moore, Dale E.; Winder, Edmund J.; Kuech, Thomas F.; Lisensky, George C. Modulation of the Photoluminescence of Semiconductors by Surface Adduct Formation: An Application of Inorganic Photochemistry to Chemical Sensing. (SYM) June, 680– 684. Fister, Julius C., III; Harris, Joel M.; Rank, Diana; Wacholtz, William. Molecular Photophysics of Acridine Yellow Studied by Phosphorescence and Delayed Fluorescence: An Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Experiment. October, 1208–1212. Gouterman, Martin. Oxygen Quenching of Luminescence of Pressure Sensitive Paint for Wind Tunnel Research. (SYM) June, 697– 702. Gsponer, Héctor E.; Argüello, Gustavo A.; Argüello, Gerardo A. Determination of pK a from Luminescence Quenching Data: An Undergraduate Laboratory Experiment. August, 968–972. Jones, Colleen M. An Introduction to Research in Protein Folding for Undergraduates. (CIB) November, 1306–1310. Kneas, Kristi A.; Xu, Wenying; DeGraff, B. A.; Demas, J. N. Dramatic Demonstration of Oxygen Sensing by Luminescence Quenching. (SYM) June, 696. Kneas, Kristi A.; Xu, Wenying; Demas, J. N.; DeGraff, B. A. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 696. (Corrections) September, 1024. Riley, Scott A.; Nishimura, A. M. An Inexpensive Photon Counter Interface for the Personal Computer. (CBB) October, 1243–1244. Roalstad, Shelly; Rue, Chad; LeMaster, Clifford B.; Lasko, Carol. A Room-Temperature Emission Lifetime Experiment for the Physical Chemistry Laboratory. July, 853–855. Shen, Yibing; Sullivan, B. Patrick. Luminescence Sensors for Cations Based on “Designed” Transition Metal Complexes. (SYM) June, 685–689.

Magnetic Properties Matsuyama, Yukinori; Yasuoka, Takashi; Mitsuzawa, Syunmei; Sasaki, Tunetaka.


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Subject Index • Volume 74 • 1997 Observation of Magnetic Repulsion Acting on Nitrogen Bubble on Water Surface—A Simple Experiment of Studying Diamagnetic Property of Nitrogen. (TD) August, 943. Orbell, John D.; Godhino, Leroy; Bigger, Stephen W.; Nguyen, Thi Man; Ngeh, Lawrence N. Oil Spill Remediation Using Magnetic Particles: An Experiment in Environmental Technology. December, 1446– 1448. Piguet, Claude. Paramagnetic Susceptibility by NMR: The “Solvent Correction” Removed for Large Paramagnetic Molecules. July, 815– 816.

Mass Spectrometry Kjonaas, Richard A.; Soller, Jean L.; McCoy, Leslee A. Identification of Volatile Flavor Components by Headspace Analysis: A Quick and Easy Experiment for Introducing GC/MS. September, 1104–1105. Muddiman, David C.; Bakhtiar, Ray; Hofstadler, Steven A.; Smith, Richard D. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Instrumentation and Applications. (TICI) November, 1288– 1292. Rubinson, Judith F.; Neyer-Hilvert, Jennifer. Integration of GC/MS Instrumentation into the Undergraduate Laboratory: Separation and Identification of Fatty Acids in Commercial Fats and Oils. September, 1106–1108. Yang, Min J.; Orton, Maureen L.; Pawliszyn, Janusz. Quantitative Determination of Caffeine in Beverages Using a Combined SPME-GC/MS Method. September, 1130– 1132.

Materials Science Bocarsly, Andrew B.; Chang, Clark C.; Wu, Ying; Vicenzi, Edward P. Inorganic Photolithography: Interfacial Multicomponent Pattern Generation. (SYM) June, 663–667. Bunting, Roger K.; Swarat, Karsten; Yan, DaJing; Finello, Duane. Synthesis and Characterization of a Conducting Polymer: An Electrochemical Experiment of General Chemistry. April, 421–423. Butera, R. A.; Waldeck, D. H. The Dependence of Resistance on Temperature for Metals, Semiconductors, and Superconductors. September, 1090–1094. Demas, J. N.; DeGraff, B. A. Applications of Luminescent Transition Metal Complexes to Sensor Technology and Molecular Probes. (SYM) June, 690–695. Ellis, Arthur B.; Brainard, Robert J.; Kepler, Keith D.; Moore, Dale E.; Winder, Edmund J.; Kuech, Thomas F.; Lisensky, George C. Modulation of the Photoluminescence of Semiconductors by Surface Adduct Formation: An Application of Inorganic Photochemistry to Chemical Sensing. (SYM) June, 680– 684. Ellis, Arthur B. Elements of Curriculum Reform: Putting Solids in the Foundation. (Pimentel Award Address) September, 1033– 1040. Gruber, Jonas; de Santana, Henrique; Gruber, Isaac; Gazotti, Wilson, Jr. Easily Built LowCost Apparatus To Measure Polymer Conductivity. April, 418–421. Gulden, Terry D.; Norton, Kirk P.; Streckert, Holger H.; Woolf, Lawrence D.; Baron, Joseph A.; Brammer, Shauna C.; Ezell, Danine L.; Wynn, Roger D. Materials Science Teaching Module as Adjunct to General Chemistry. July, 785–786. Ibanez, Jorge G.; Gomez, Flora; Konik, Ivonne; Lozano, Diana E.; Mugica, Alejandra; Gonzalez-Mesa, Carmen; Singh, M. M.; Szafran, Z.; Pike, R. M. Preparation of Semiconducting Materials in the Laboratory Part 2: Microscale Chemical Bath Deposition of Materials with Band Gap Energies in the UV, Vis, and IR. October, 1205–1207.

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Kabza, Konrad G.; Cochran, Kevin. From Polarimeter to Contact Angle Goniometer—Inexpensive Conversion of Laboratory Equipment. March, 322–323. Kneas, Kristi A.; Xu, Wenying; DeGraff, B. A.; Demas, J. N. Dramatic Demonstration of Oxygen Sensing by Luminescence Quenching. (SYM) June, 696. Kneas, Kristi A.; Xu, Wenying; Demas, J. N.; DeGraff, B. A. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 696. (Corrections) September, 1024. Laing, Michael. An Inexpensive Kit for Constructing Models of Crystals. July, 795–796. Lewis, T. W.; Wallace, G. G. Communicative Polymers: The Basis for Development of Intelligent Materials. (POC) June, 703–708. Lorenz, Julie K.; Olson, Joel A.; Campbell, Dean J.; Lisensky, George C.; Ellis, Arthur B. A Refrigerator Magnet Analog of ScanningProbe Microscopy. (JCE Classroom Activity) September, 1032A–1032B. Meyer, Gerald J. Efficient Light-to-Electrical Energy Conversion: Nanocrystalline TiO 2 Films Modified with Inorganic Sensitizers. (SYM) June, 652–656. Shen, Yibing; Sullivan, B. Patrick. Luminescence Sensors for Cations Based on “Designed” Transition Metal Complexes. (SYM) June, 685–689. Tyler, David R. Organometallic Photochemistry: Basic Principles and Applications to Materials Chemistry. (SYM) June, 668–672. Ziessel, Raymond F. Photoinduced Energy or Electron Transfer in Supramolecular Systems: Applications to Molecular Wires and Light-Harvesting Sensors. (SYM) June, 673– 679.

Mechanisms Fountain, K. R. Meta Tasks for Organizing Prevenient Knowledge in Organic Chemistry. March, 354–360. Jarret, Ronald M.; New, Jamie; Karaliolis, Kalliopi. Reactions of Bromine with Diphenylethylenes: An Introduction to Electrophilic Substitution. January, 109–110. Klausen, Jörg; Meier, Markus A.; Schwarzenbach, René P. Assessing the Fate of Organic Contaminants in Aquatic Environments: Mechanism and Kinetics of Hydrolysis of a Carboxylic Ester. December, 1440–1444. Leventis, Nicholas; Hanna, Samir B.; SotiriouLeventis, Chariklia. A Three-Dimensional Energy Surface for the Conformational Inversion of Cyclohexane. July, 813–814. Maestri, Mauro; Ballardini, Roberto; Pina, Fernando; Melo, Maria João. An Easy and Inexpensive Flash Spectroscopy Experiment. November, 1314–1316. Mega, T. L.; Carlson, C. B.; Cleary, D. A. Following Glycolysis Using 13 C NMR: An Experiment Adaptable to Different Undergraduate Levels. December, 1474–1476. Pavlis, Robert R. Kinetics without Steady State Approximations. (CBB) September, 1139– 1140. Scudder, Paul H. Database vs. Expert System Teaching Paradigms: Using Organic Reaction Mechanisms To Teach Chemical Intuition. July, 777–781.

Metals Butera, R. A.; Waldeck, D. H. The Dependence of Resistance on Temperature for Metals, Semiconductors, and Superconductors. September, 1090–1094. Escandar, Graciela M.; Sala, Luis F. Rigorous Potentiometric Determination of Metal Complexes Stability Constants: An Undergraduate Laboratory Practice. November, 1329– 1331. Hawkes, Stephen J. What Is a “Heavy Metal”? November, 1374. Lamba, Ram; Sharma, Shiva; Lloyd, Baird W. Constructing Chemical Concepts through a Study of Metals and Metal Ions: Guided In-


quiry Experiments for General Chemistry. September, 1095–1099. Mitchell, Philip C. H. Metal Complexes of EDTA: An Exercise in Data Interpretation. October, 1235–1237. Proksa, Miroslav. The Sodium Rainbow. (TD) August, 942. Shen, Yibing; Sullivan, B. Patrick. Luminescence Sensors for Cations Based on “Designed” Transition Metal Complexes. (SYM) June, 685–689. Venkataraman, D.; Du, Yuhua; Wilson, Scott R.; Hirsch, Keith A.; Zhang, Peng; Moore, Jeffrey S. A Coordination Geometry Table of the dBlock Elements and Their Ions. August, 915– 918.

Microscale Arnáiz, Francisco J. The Preparation of TlBF4. (ML) November, 1332–1333. Brisbois, Ronald G.; Batterman, William G.; Kragerud, Scott R. Synthesis of 4-Nitro-1Pentynylbenzene: An Example of Transitional Metal-Mediated Cross-Coupling. (ML) July, 832–833. Brisbois, Ronald G.; Batterman, William G.; Kragerud, Scott R. Synthesis of Tetrahydro2-(2-propynyloxy)-2H-pyran: Illustrating Markownikov Addition, Protecting Groups, and Advanced 1H-NMR Phenomena. (ML) July, 834–835. Hahn, Roger C. Conversion of an Alkyl Chloride to a Bromide (or Vice Versa) by Homogeneous Nucleophile Exchange. (ML) July, 836–838. Ibanez, Jorge G.; Singh, M. M.; Pike, R. M.; Szafran, Z. Laboratory Experiments on Electrochemical Remediation of the Environment. Part 2: Microscale Indirect Electrolytic Destruction of Organic Wastes. (ML) December, 1449–1450. Kinzer, Dwight. A Microscale Laboratory Heating System. (ML) November, 1333–1335. Moeur, Harriet P.; Swatik, Sharon A.; Pinnell, Robert P. Microscale Dehydration of Cyclohexanol Using a Macroreticular Cation Exchange Resin as Catalyst. (ML) July, 833. Pandita, Sangeeta; Goyla, Samta. A Convenient Procedure for Microscale Bezoylations. (ML) November, 1335. Van Ryswyk, Hal. A General Chemistry Experiment Incorporating Synthesis and Structural Determination. July, 842–844.

Microscale Laboratory Arnáiz, Francisco J. The Preparation of TlBF4. (ML) November, 1332–1333. Brisbois, Ronald G.; Batterman, William G.; Kragerud, Scott R. Synthesis of 4-Nitro-1Pentynylbenzene: An Example of Transitional Metal-Mediated Cross-Coupling. (ML) July, 832–833. Brisbois, Ronald G.; Batterman, William G.; Kragerud, Scott R. Synthesis of Tetrahydro2-(2-propynyloxy)-2H-pyran: Illustrating Markownikov Addition, Protecting Groups, and Advanced 1H-NMR Phenomena. (ML) July, 834–835. Hahn, Roger C. Conversion of an Alkyl Chloride to a Bromide (or Vice Versa) by Homogeneous Nucleophile Exchange. (ML) July, 836–838. Ibanez, Jorge G.; Singh, M. M.; Pike, R. M.; Szafran, Z. Laboratory Experiments on Electrochemical Remediation of the Environment. Part 2: Microscale Indirect Electrolytic Destruction of Organic Wastes. (ML) December, 1449–1450. Kinzer, Dwight. A Microscale Laboratory Heating System. (ML) November, 1333–1335. Moeur, Harriet P.; Swatik, Sharon A.; Pinnell, Robert P. Microscale Dehydration of Cyclohexanol Using a Macroreticular Cation Exchange Resin as Catalyst. (ML) July, 833. Pandita, Sangeeta; Goyla, Samta. A Convenient Procedure for Microscale Bezoylations. (ML) November, 1335.

Volume 74 • 1997 • Subject Index MO Theory Kikuchi, Shigeaki. A History of the Structural Theory of Benzene—The Aromatic Sextet Rule and Hückel’s Rule. February, 194–201. Kikuchi, Shigeaki. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 194. (Corrections) May, 480. Knudson, Stephen K. Applications of the Variation Method. August, 930–934. Zeegers, Petrus. The Use of MO Calculations To Teach Students Some Concepts of Aromatic Substitution Reactions. March, 299– 301.

Molecular Modeling/Dynamics Box, Vernon G. S.; Yu, Hing Wan. π-Electron Delocalization in Organic Molecules with C– N Bonds. November, 1293–1296. Burke, Jeffrey T. IR Spectroscopy or “Hooke’s Law at the Molecular Level”—A Joint Freshman Physics–Chemistry Experience. October, 1213. Kahn, D.; Viswanathan, R. Study of Molecular Cluster in Undergraduate Physical Chemistry. August, 982–984. Kim, Jae Hyun. Alkanes in Motion. (JCE SOFT) August, 1015. Parrill, Abby L.; Gervay, Jacquelyn. Fostering Curiosity-Driven Learning through Interactive Multimedia Representations of Biological Molecules. September, 1141–1142. Pavia, Donald; Wicholas, Mark. From UNIX to PC via X-Windows: Molecular Modeling for the General Chemistry Lab. (NSF) April, 444. Saiz, Enrique; Tarazona, M. Pilar. Molecular Dynamics and the Water Molecule: An Introduction to Molecular Dynamics for Physical Chemistry Students. November, 1350– 1354. Scharberg, Maureen A.; Cox, Oran E.; Barelli, Carl A. Creating and Using a Consumer Chemical Molecular Graphics Database: The “Molecule of the Day”—A Great Way To Begin Your Lecture. (CBB) July, 869–870. Shusterman, Gwendolyn P.; Shusterman, Alan J. Teaching Chemistry with Electron Density Models. July, 771–776.

Molecular Properties/Structure Addison, Anthony W. Electron-Counting Rules for Transition Metal–Nitric Oxide Complexes. November, 1354–1356. Box, Vernon G. S.; Yu, Hing Wan. π-Electron Delocalization in Organic Molecules with C– N Bonds. November, 1293–1296. Cady, Susan G. Use of Pom Pons to Illustrate Cubic Crystal Structures. (CET) July, 794– 795. Doyle, Ellin. Trans Fatty Acids. (CBN) September, 1030–1032. Glaister, P. Two Comments on Bond Angles. September, 1086. Glukhovtsev, Mikhail. Aromaticity Today: Energetic and Structural Criteria. January, 132–136. Grant, Christopher A.; Hardwick, J. L. Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy of Small Molecules: A Physical Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. March, 318–321. Jasien, Paul G. Chemical Behavior. (AA) August, 943. Kikuchi, Shigeaki. A History of the Structural Theory of Benzene—The Aromatic Sextet Rule and Hückel’s Rule. February, 194–201. Kikuchi, Shigeaki. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 194. (Corrections) May, 480. Kimbrough, Doris R. Hot and Spicy vs. Cool and Minty as an Example of Organic Structure–Activity Relationships. (AA) July, 861– 862. Parker, Janice. VSEPR Theory Demo. (TD) July, 776. Suh, Il-Hwan; Park, Koon Ha; Jensen, William P.; Lewis, David E. Molecules, Crystals, and Chirality. July, 800–805.

Tsaparlis, Georgios. Atomic and Molecular Structure in Chemical Education: A Critical Analysis from Various Perspectives of Science Education. August, 922–925.

Multimedia Banks, Alton J.; Holmes, Jon L. Periodic Table Live!: The Periodic Table CD. (JCE SOFT) April, 445–447. Beck, John F.; Bunbury, David L. DNA Sequencing Update. (JCE SOFT) December, 1503–1504. Brown, Jason; Gorga, Frank R. Enzyme Lab: A Virtual Lab for Enzyme Kinetics. (JCE SOFT) July, 871–872. General Chemistry Collection for Students on CD-ROM. (JCE SOFT) February, 191–193. Jacobsen, Jerrold J.; Moore, John W. Chemistry Comes Alive!, Volume 1. (JCE SOFT) May, 607–608. Kotz, John C.; Young, Susan. Periodic Table Live!: Chemistry Navigator Upgrade. (JCE SOFT) April, 445–447. Parrill, Abby L.; Gervay, Jacquelyn. Fostering Curiosity-Driven Learning through Interactive Multimedia Representations of Biological Molecules. September, 1141–1142. Reimers, Jeffrey R.; Bacskay, George B.; Nordholm, Sture. The Basics of Covalent Bonding. (JCE SOFT) December, 1503–1504. Roesky, Herbert W. Chemistry “en miniature”. April, 399–400. Russell, Joel W.; Kozma, Robert B.; Jones, Tricia; Wykoff, Joann; Marx, Nancy; Davis, Joan. Use of Simultaneous-Synchronized Macroscopic, Microscopic, and Symbolic Representations To Enhance the Teaching and Learning of Chemical Concepts. March, 330– 334. Schatz, Paul F.; Moore, John W.; Holmes, Jon L.; Kotz, John C. Periodic Table Live!: Illustrated Periodic Table Upgrade. April, 445– 447. Thorson, Gail M. Journal of Chemical Education on CD-ROM, September–December 1996. (JCE SOFT) January, 128. Thorson, Gail M. Journal of Chemical Education on CD-ROM, 1997. (JCE SOFT) November, 1375–1376. Whisnant, David M.; McCormick, James A. Lake Study for Windows Update. (JCE SOFT) July, 871–872.

Natural Products Agosta, William C. Medicines and Drugs From Plants. (POC) July, 857–860. Barry, Dana M. Chem-Is-Tree. (POC) October, 1175–1177. Hocking, Martin B. Vanillin: Synthetic Flavoring from Spent Sulfite Liquor. September, 1055–1059. Hocking, Martin B. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1055–1059. (Corrections) December, 1384. Kimbrough, Doris R. Hot and Spicy vs. Cool and Minty as an Example of Organic Structure–Activity Relationships. (AA) July, 861– 862. Knopp, Michael A. Rayon from Dryer Lint: A Demonstration. (F&R) April, 401.

NMR Spectrometry Almy, John; Alverez, R. Martínez; Fernández, A. Herrera; Vázquez, A. Sánchez. Useful Examples for Discussion of Proton-NMR Spectroscopy: N-Substituted α-Aminobenzenebutanenitriles—Anisotropy of Diastereotopic Methylene Protons. December, 1479–1482. Beauchamp, Philip S.; Marquez, Rodolfo. A General Approach for Calculating Proton Chemical Shifts for Methyl, Methylene and Methine Protons When There Are One or More Substituents within Three Carbons. December, 1483–1485. Beeston, Ruth Freitag; Stitzel, Shannon E.; Rhea, Mitchell A. Investigation of

Atropisomerism in ortho-Substituted Tetraphenylporphyrins: An Experimental Module Involving Synthesis, Chromatography, and NMR Spectroscopy. December, 1468–1471. Boudjouk, Philip; Kim, Beon-Kyu; Han, ByungHee. Regioselective Hydrochlorination: An Experiment for the Undergraduate Laboratory. October, 1223–1224. Brisbois, Ronald G.; Batterman, William G.; Kragerud, Scott R. Synthesis of Tetrahydro2-(2-propynyloxy)-2H-pyran: Illustrating Markownikov Addition, Protecting Groups, and Advanced 1H-NMR Phenomena. (ML) July, 834–835. Clarke, David W. Acetone and Ethyl Acetate in Commercial Nail Polish Removers: A Quantitative NMR Experiment Using an Internal Standard. December, 1464–1465. Drouin, Jacques; Costante, Jeanne; GuibéJampel, Eryk. A Thermostable Microbial Enzyme for Fast Preparative Organic Chemistry: The Preparation of (R)-(+)-1phenylethanol from (±)-1-phenylethyl Pentanoate and n-Butanol. August, 992–995. Fryhle, Craig B.; Waldow, Dean A.; Bock, J. Chris. The FTNMR Free Induction Decay Archive. April, 442–443. Grehn, Leif; Ragnarsson, Ulf; Welch, Christopher J. Carbon–Carbon and Carbon–Nitrogen Spin–Spin Coupling in NMR Spectroscopy: Simple Examples Based on IsotopeLabeled Glycines. December, 1477–1479. Hersh, William H. False AA′X Spin–Spin Coupling Systems in 13C NMR: Examples Involving Phosphorus and a 20-Year-Old Mystery in Off-Resonance Decoupling. December, 1485–1489. Jarek, Russell L.; Flesher, Robert J.; Shin, Seung Koo. Kinetics of Internal Rotation of N,N-Dimethylacetamide: A Spin–Saturation Transfer Experiment—An Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Experiment Using FTNMR To Deermine an Internal Rotational Barrier. August, 978–982. Lundberg, Peter. Educational NMR Software. (CBB) December, 1489–1491. McDaniel, Keith F.; Weekly, R. Matthew. The Diels–Alder Reaction of 2,4-Hexadien-1-ol with Maleic Anhydride: A Novel Preparation for the Undergraduate Organic Chemistry Laboratory Course. December, 1465–1467. Mega, T. L.; Carlson, C. B.; Cleary, D. A. Following Glycolysis Using 13 C NMR: An Experiment Adaptable to Different Undergraduate Levels. December, 1474–1476. Piguet, Claude. Paramagnetic Susceptibility by NMR: The “Solvent Correction” Removed for Large Paramagnetic Molecules. July, 815– 816. Smith, Marion W.; Brown, Renee; Smullin, Steven; Eager, Jon. Photosensitized Peroxidation of Lipids: An Experiment Using 1 H-NMR. December, 1471–1473. Thoben, Dianne A.; Lowry, Thomas H. An Analogy To Assist Understanding of Splitting Patterns in NMR. (AA) January, 68. Welch, Christopher J. An Experiment To Demonstrate Magnetic Nonequivalence in Proton NMR. February, 247–248. Yarger, J. L.; Nieman, R. A.; Bieber, A. L. NMR Titration Used to Observe Specific Proton Dissociation in Polyprotic Tripeptides: An Undergraduate Biochemistry Lab. February, 243–246.

Nomenclature/Units/Symbols Battino, Rubin; Strong, Laurence E.; Wood, Scott E. A Brief History of Thermodynamics Notation. March, 304–305. Jensen, William B. A Note on the Term “Chalcogen”. September, 1063–1064. Ryan, Dennis. Old MacDonald Named a Compound: Branched Enynenynols. July, 782– 783. Schultz, Emeric. Ionization or Dissociation? July, 868–869.


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Subject Index • Volume 74 • 1997 Non-major courses Dunstan, Marie; Bassinger, Pat. An Innovative Model: Undergraduate Poster Sessions by Health Professional Majors as a Method for Communicating Chemistry in Context. September, 1067–1069. Hickman, Raymond J. S.; Neill, Jane. Influence of pH on Drug Absorption from the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Simple Chemical Model. July, 855–856. Jansen, Susan A. Our Microscopic Universe: An Interdisciplinary Course Examining Natural Phenomena Using Geology, Physics, and Chemistry. (NSF) December, 1411–1412. Jasien, Paul G. Chemical Behavior. (AA) August, 943. Lambert, Frank L. Why Don’t Things Go Wrong More Often? Activation Energies: Maxwell’s Angels, Obstacles to Murphy’s Law. August, 947–948. Malherbe, Johannes S.; Meyer, Cornelius J. A Mini-Qualitative Carbohydrate Analysis Session. November, 1304–1305. McGowan, Cynthia; Sendall, Patricia. Using the World Wide Web To Enhance Writing Assignments in Introductory Chemistry Courses. April, 391. O’Haver, Thomas C. Chemistry for Pre-Service Middle School Teachers. (NSF) May, 522. Ratliff, Judy L. Chemistry for the Visually Impaired. June, 710–711. Stein, Andreas. The Suggestion Box—An Old Idea Brings the “Real World” Back to Freshman Chemistry Students (and Professors). July, 788–790. Stein, Paul J. The Sweetness of Aspartame: A Biochemistry Lab for Health Science Chemistry Courses. September, 1112–1113. Thompson, Robert Q. The Thermodynamics of Drunk Driving. May, 532–536. Williams, Evan T. C&EN: A Good Resource for Student Papers. April, 389–390.

NSF Highlights Craig, Arnold. Chemical Perspectives and Practice: A Chemistry Content Course for Prospective Teachers within the Framework of a State Systemic Initiative. (NSF) September, 1075. Glaunsinger, William S.; Ramakrishna, B. L.; Garcia, Antonio A.; Pizziconi, Vincent. Multidisciplinary Scanning Probe Microscopy Laboratory. (NSF) March, 310. Gunter, Mickey E.; Gammon, Steven D.; Kearney, Robert J.; Waller, Brenda E.; Oliver, David J. Development and Implementation of an Integrated Science Course for Elementary Education Majors. (NSF) February, 183. Jansen, Susan A. Our Microscopic Universe: An Interdisciplinary Course Examining Natural Phenomena Using Geology, Physics, and Chemistry. (NSF) December, 1411–1412. Jones, Loretta L.; Buckler, Harry; Cooper, Nathaniel; Straushein, Belia. Preparing Preservice Chemistry Teachers for Constructivist Classrooms through Use of Authentic Activities. (NSF) July, 787–788. O’Haver, Thomas C. Chemistry for Pre-Service Middle School Teachers. (NSF) May, 522. Pavia, Donald; Wicholas, Mark. From UNIX to PC via X-Windows: Molecular Modeling for the General Chemistry Lab. (NSF) April, 444. Ramsey, Linda L.; Radford, David L.; Deese, William C. Experimenting with Interdisciplinary Science. (NSF) August, 946–947. Wheeler, John F.; Wheeler, Sandra K.; Wright, Laura L. Electrochemical Measurements in the Undergraduate Curriculum. (NSF) January, 72–73.

Nuclear/Radiochemistry Hutchison, S. G.; Hutchison, F. I. Radioactivity in Everyday Life. May, 501–505. Klotz, Irving M. Captives of Their Fantasies: The German Atomic Bomb Scientists. February, 204–209.

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Schultz, Emeric. Dice Shaking as an Analogy for Radioactive Decay and First-Order Kinetics. May, 505–507. Voige, William H. Extraction and Assay of Ornithine Decarboxylase: A Laboratory Experiment That Introduces Principles of Radiochemical Enzymatic Assay. August, 988–990.

Nucleic Acids Beck, John F.; Bunbury, David L. DNA Sequencing. (JCE SOFT) March, 346–347. Beck, John F.; Bunbury, David L. DNA Sequencing Update. (JCE SOFT) December, 1503–1504. Carter, Pamela J.; Ciftan, Suzanne A.; Sistare, Mark F.; Thorp, H. Holden. Perfect Strangers: Inorganic Photochemistry and Nucleic Acids. (SYM) June, 641–645. Howell, Joseph; deLannoy, Peter. An Undergraduate Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiment: The Multistep Synthesis of a Modified Nucleoside. August, 990–991. Netzel, Thomas L. Electron Transfer Reactions in DNA. (SYM) June, 646–651. Ochiai, Ei-Ichiro. Electron Transport in Proteins and DNAs: Principles and Applications in Bioinorganic Chemistry—X. May, 600– 604.

Organic Chemistry Almy, John; Alverez, R. Martínez; Fernández, A. Herrera; Vázquez, A. Sánchez. Useful Examples for Discussion of Proton-NMR Spectroscopy: N-Substituted α-Aminobenzenebutanenitriles—Anisotropy of Diastereotopic Methylene Protons. December, 1479–1482. Anselme, Jean-Pierre. Understanding Oxidation–Reduction in Organic Chemistry. January, 69–72. Barry, Dana M. Chem-Is-Tree. (POC) October, 1175–1177. Beauchamp, Philip S.; Marquez, Rodolfo. A General Approach for Calculating Proton Chemical Shifts for Methyl, Methylene and Methine Protons When There Are One or More Substituents within Three Carbons. December, 1483–1485. Berry, Stephan. “Biochemical Predestination” as Heuristic Principle for Understanding the Origin of Life. August, 950–951. Boudjouk, Philip; Kim, Beon-Kyu; Han, ByungHee. Regioselective Hydrochlorination: An Experiment for the Undergraduate Laboratory. October, 1223–1224. Bradley, Lynn M.; Springer, Joseph W.; Delate, Gregory M.; Goodman, Andrew. Epoxidation of Geraniol: An Advanced Organic Experiment that Illustrates Asymmetric Synthesis. November, 1336–1338. Breton, Gary W. The Wittig Reaction: Generation, Observation and Reactivity of a Phosphorous Ylide Intermediate—An Experiment for the Advanced Organic Chemistry Laboratory. January, 114–115. Brisbois, Ronald G.; Batterman, William G.; Kragerud, Scott R. Synthesis of 4-Nitro-1Pentynylbenzene: An Example of Transitional Metal-Mediated Cross-Coupling. (ML) July, 832–833. Brisbois, Ronald G.; Batterman, William G.; Kragerud, Scott R. Synthesis of Tetrahydro2-(2-propynyloxy)-2H-pyran: Illustrating Markownikov Addition, Protecting Groups, and Advanced 1H-NMR Phenomena. (ML) July, 834–835. Bugg, Timothy D. H.; Lewin, Andrew M.; Catlin, Eric R. Regiospecific Ester Hydrolysis by Orange Peel Esterase: An Undergraduate Experiment. January, 105–107. Bunjes, Alex; Eilks, Ingo; Pahlke, Manfred; Ralle, Bernd. On the Disproportionations of Cyclohexene and Related Compounds. November, 1323–1325. Carter, Henry A. The Chemistry of Paper Preservation Part 4. Alkaline Paper. May, 508– 511.


Cawley, John J.; Lindner, Patrick E. The AcidCatalyzed Dehydration of an Isomeric 2Methylcyclohexanol Mixture: A Kinetic and Regiochemical Study of the Evelyn Effect. January, 102–104. Cooley, James H.; Williams, Richard Vaughan. endo- and exo-Stereochemistry in the Diels– Alder Reaction: Kinetic versus Thermodynamic Control. May, 582–585. Dougherty, Ralph C. Grade/Performance Contracts, Enhanced Communication, Cooperative Learning and Student Performance in Undergraduate Organic Chemistry. June, 722–726. Drouin, Jacques; Costante, Jeanne; GuibéJampel, Eryk. A Thermostable Microbial Enzyme for Fast Preparative Organic Chemistry: The Preparation of (R)-(+)-1phenylethanol from (±)-1-phenylethyl Pentanoate and n-Butanol. August, 992– 995. Fontana, Sabine G.; Goldfarb, Theodore D. Reduction of Chlorinated Dibenzodioxin and Dibenzofuran Formation in the Beilstein Test. July, 838–841. Fountain, K. R. Meta Tasks for Organizing Prevenient Knowledge in Organic Chemistry. March, 354–360. Garner, Charles M.; Nething, Matthew; Nguyen, Phuc. Synthesis of a Superabsorbent Polymer. January, 95–96. Glukhovtsev, Mikhail. Aromaticity Today: Energetic and Structural Criteria. January, 132–136. Grehn, Leif; Ragnarsson, Ulf; Welch, Christopher J. Carbon–Carbon and Carbon–Nitrogen Spin–Spin Coupling in NMR Spectroscopy: Simple Examples Based on IsotopeLabeled Glycines. December, 1477–1479. Hahn, Roger C. Conversion of an Alkyl Chloride to a Bromide (or Vice Versa) by Homogeneous Nucleophile Exchange. (ML) July, 836–838. Hanson, R. W. Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation Reactions for Undergraduate Practical Programs. April, 430–431. Hathaway, Bruce A.; Scates, Angela M. Preparation and Solution Polymerization of Diacetylenes. January, 111. Hersh, William H. False AA′X Spin–Spin Coupling Systems in 13C NMR: Examples Involving Phosphorus and a 20-Year-Old Mystery in Off-Resonance Decoupling. December, 1485–1489. Hessbrügge, Bernd J.; Vaidya, Atul M. Nonaqueous Interfacial Polycondensation: A Novel Technique for the Encapsulation of Water-Soluble Solids. November, 1322. Hiegel, Gene A.; Chaharmohal, Afshin K. The TCICA Test for Distinguishing Primary and Secondary Alcohols. April, 423. Hocking, Martin B. Vanillin: Synthetic Flavoring from Spent Sulfite Liquor. September, 1055–1059. Hocking, Martin B. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1055–1059. (Corrections) December, 1384. Howell, Joseph; deLannoy, Peter. An Undergraduate Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiment: The Multistep Synthesis of a Modified Nucleoside. August, 990–991. Jarret, Ronald M.; New, Jamie; Karaliolis, Kalliopi. Reactions of Bromine with Diphenylethylenes: An Introduction to Electrophilic Substitution. January, 109–110. Kauffman, George B.; Chooljian, Steven H. Wohler’s Urea Synthesis: Modern Version. December, 1493. Kharas, Gregory B. A New Investigative Sophomore Organic Laboratory Involving Individual Research Projects. July, 829–831. Kimbrough, Doris R. Hot and Spicy vs. Cool and Minty as an Example of Organic Structure–Activity Relationships. (AA) July, 861– 862. Kinzer, Dwight. A Microscale Laboratory Heating System. (ML) November, 1333–1335.

Volume 74 • 1997 • Subject Index Leventis, Nicholas; Hanna, Samir B.; SotiriouLeventis, Chariklia. A Three-Dimensional Energy Surface for the Conformational Inversion of Cyclohexane. July, 813–814. Liu, Robert S. H.; Asato, Alfred E. Making Organic Concepts Visible. July, 783–784. Malherbe, Johannes S.; Meyer, Cornelius J. A Mini-Qualitative Carbohydrate Analysis Session. November, 1304–1305. Maroto, Beatriz; Camusso, C.; Cividini, M. Evaluation of Learning Processes in an Organic Chemistry Course. October, 1233– 1234. Matthews, Fred J. Methylation of Isobutyrophenone Using Potassium Triphenylmethide: An Advanced Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. August, 996–998. McDaniel, Keith F.; Weekly, R. Matthew. The Diels–Alder Reaction of 2,4-Hexadien-1-ol with Maleic Anhydride: A Novel Preparation for the Undergraduate Organic Chemistry Laboratory Course. December, 1465–1467. Moeur, Harriet P.; Swatik, Sharon A.; Pinnell, Robert P. Microscale Dehydration of Cyclohexanol Using a Macroreticular Cation Exchange Resin as Catalyst. (ML) July, 833. Moody, Anne E.; Foster, Kimberly A. The Organic Lab: A Status Quo Report and a TwoSemesters-in-One Approach. May, 587–591. Nelson, Peter G. Valency. April, 465–470. Pandita, Sangeeta; Goyla, Samta. A Convenient Procedure for Microscale Bezoylations. (ML) November, 1335. Parquet, Eric; Lin, Qun. Microwave-Assisted Wolff–Kishner Reduction Reaction. October, 1225. Parrill, Abby L.; Gervay, Jacquelyn. DiscoveryBased Stereochemistry Tutorials Available on the World Wide Web. March, 329. Pétursson, Sigthór. Protecting Groups in Carbohydrate Chemistry. November, 1297–1303. Ponomarev, D. A.; Takhistov, V. V. What Are Isodesmic Reactions? February, 201–203. Poon, Thomas; Mundy, Bradford P.; McIntyre, Jean; Woods, Lesley; Favaloro, Frank G., Jr.; Goudreau, Christina A. Kinetic vs. Thermodynamic Control in the Dehydration of 2Methylcyclopentanol: A Two-Part Laboratory Experiment Utilizing the Grignard Reaction and GC-MS. October, 1218–1219. Rhoads, Charlene M.; Farquar, George R.; Wood, William F. Ozonolysis Experiments Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry: An Undergraduate Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. October, 1220–1221. Rodygin, Mikhail Yu.; Rodygin, Irean V. On Chemical Modeling an Alchemical Process: The Use of Combined Chemical Methods in a Historical Study. August, 949–950. Rossi, Francis M. Writing in an Advanced Undergraduate Chemistry Course: An Assignment Exploring the Development of Scientific Ideas. April, 395–396. Ryan, Dennis. Old MacDonald Named a Compound: Branched Enynenynols. July, 782– 783. Scudder, Paul H. Database vs. Expert System Teaching Paradigms: Using Organic Reaction Mechanisms To Teach Chemical Intuition. July, 777–781. Shusterman, Alan J.; McDougal, Patrick G.; Glasfeld, Arthur. Dry-Column Flash Chromatography. October, 1222–1223. Simek, Jan William; Tuck, Thad; Courter Bush, Kelly. Reduction of Carboxylic Acids with Sodium Borohydride and an Electrophile. January, 107–108. Stephani, Ralph; Cesare, Victor. Resolution of Racemic Phenylsuccinic Acid Using (–)-Proline as a Resolving Agent: An Introductory Organic Chemistry Experiment. October, 1226. Suh, Il-Hwan; Park, Koon Ha; Jensen, William P.; Lewis, David E. Molecules, Crystals, and Chirality. July, 800–805.

Tanis, Michael W. A –78 °C Sequential Michael Addition for the Organic Lab. January, 112– 113. Thoben, Dianne A.; Lowry, Thomas H. An Analogy To Assist Understanding of Splitting Patterns in NMR. (AA) January, 68. Toong, Yock Chai; Wang, Shih Yung. An Example of a Human Topological Rubber Glove Act. April, 403–404. Trehan, Inder R.; Brar, Jasvinder S.; Arora, Ajay K.; Kad, Goverdhan L. Fries Rearrangement Accelerated by Microwave Radiation in the Undergraduate Organic Laboratory. March, 324. Tsarevsky, Nicolay V.; Slaveykova, Vera; Manev, Stefan; Lazarov, Dobri. The Onium Compounds. June, 734–736. Van Arman, Scott A.; Thomsen, Marcus W. HPLC for Undergraduate Introductory Laboratories. January, 49–50. Walsh, Thomas D.; Koontz, Curtis S. Determination of the Enantiomeric Purity of Naproxen: An Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. May, 585–586. Welch, Christopher J. An Experiment To Demonstrate Magnetic Nonequivalence in Proton NMR. February, 247–248.

Organic Synthesis Beeston, Ruth Freitag; Stitzel, Shannon E.; Rhea, Mitchell A. Investigation of Atropisomerism in ortho-Substituted Tetraphenylporphyrins: An Experimental Module Involving Synthesis, Chromatography, and NMR Spectroscopy. December, 1468–1471. Boudjouk, Philip; Kim, Beon-Kyu; Han, ByungHee. Regioselective Hydrochlorination: An Experiment for the Undergraduate Laboratory. October, 1223–1224. Bradley, Lynn M.; Springer, Joseph W.; Delate, Gregory M.; Goodman, Andrew. Epoxidation of Geraniol: An Advanced Organic Experiment that Illustrates Asymmetric Synthesis. November, 1336–1338. Breton, Gary W. The Wittig Reaction: Generation, Observation and Reactivity of a Phosphorous Ylide Intermediate—An Experiment for the Advanced Organic Chemistry Laboratory. January, 114–115. Brisbois, Ronald G.; Batterman, William G.; Kragerud, Scott R. Synthesis of 4-Nitro-1Pentynylbenzene: An Example of Transitional Metal-Mediated Cross-Coupling. (ML) July, 832–833. Cawley, John J.; Lindner, Patrick E. The AcidCatalyzed Dehydration of an Isomeric 2Methylcyclohexanol Mixture: A Kinetic and Regiochemical Study of the Evelyn Effect. January, 102–104. Hanson, R. W. Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation Reactions for Undergraduate Practical Programs. April, 430–431. Hathaway, Bruce A.; Scates, Angela M. Preparation and Solution Polymerization of Diacetylenes. January, 111. Kauffman, George B.; Chooljian, Steven H. Wohler’s Urea Synthesis: Modern Version. December, 1493. Matthews, Fred J. Methylation of Isobutyrophenone Using Potassium Triphenylmethide: An Advanced Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. August, 996–998. McDaniel, Keith F.; Weekly, R. Matthew. The Diels–Alder Reaction of 2,4-Hexadien-1-ol with Maleic Anhydride: A Novel Preparation for the Undergraduate Organic Chemistry Laboratory Course. December, 1465–1467. Parquet, Eric; Lin, Qun. Microwave-Assisted Wolff–Kishner Reduction Reaction. October, 1225. Poon, Thomas; Mundy, Bradford P.; McIntyre, Jean; Woods, Lesley; Favaloro, Frank G., Jr.; Goudreau, Christina A. Kinetic vs. Thermodynamic Control in the Dehydration of 2Methylcyclopentanol: A Two-Part Laboratory

Experiment Utilizing the Grignard Reaction and GC-MS. October, 1218–1219. Rhoads, Charlene M.; Farquar, George R.; Wood, William F. Ozonolysis Experiments Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry: An Undergraduate Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. October, 1220–1221. Tanis, Michael W. A –78 °C Sequential Michael Addition for the Organic Lab. January, 112– 113. Trehan, Inder R.; Brar, Jasvinder S.; Arora, Ajay K.; Kad, Goverdhan L. Fries Rearrangement Accelerated by Microwave Radiation in the Undergraduate Organic Laboratory. March, 324. Van Ryswyk, Hal. A General Chemistry Experiment Incorporating Synthesis and Structural Determination. July, 842–844. Zeegers, Petrus. The Use of MO Calculations To Teach Students Some Concepts of Aromatic Substitution Reactions. March, 299– 301.

Organometallics Birdwhistell, Kurt R.; Lanza, Joann. Simple Synthesis and Use of a Nickel Alkene Isomerization Catalyst: An Advanced Lab in Inorganic/Organometallic Chemistry. May, 579–581. Brisbois, Ronald G.; Batterman, William G.; Kragerud, Scott R. Synthesis of 4-Nitro-1Pentynylbenzene: An Example of Transitional Metal-Mediated Cross-Coupling. (ML) July, 832–833. Hersh, William H. False AA′X Spin–Spin Coupling Systems in 13C NMR: Examples Involving Phosphorus and a 20-Year-Old Mystery in Off-Resonance Decoupling. December, 1485–1489. Howell, James A. S. The Phase-Transfer-Catalyzed Preparation of Mo(CO)4(diphos): An Intermediate-Level Organometallic–Inorganic Experiment. May, 577–579. Tyler, David R. Organometallic Photochemistry: Basic Principles and Applications to Materials Chemistry. (SYM) June, 668–672.

Outreach Matthews, Fred J. Science ExpOlympics: An Outreach Program of Competitive and Noncompetitive Events for High School Students. April, 452. Mayfield, Darwin L. Notes on an Outreach Forum for High School Chemistry Teachers— An Unexpected Success. May, 523–524. Randall, Jack. Integrating High School Chemistry with Environmental Studies and Research. (VIEW) December, 1409–1411. Sabo, Mark; Sarquis, A. M.; Ennis, Chris. The PACT Ambassador Outreach Program: More Than Just a Bunch of “Old White-Haired Scientists”. April, 450–451. Siegrist, Eleanor; Anderson, Guy. Analysis of Mouthwash. (F&R) May, 567–568. Van Doren, Jane M.; Nestor, Lisa P.; Knighton, W. Berk. Engaging Students in the Action of Chemistry: An Effective, Fun, and Inexpensive Outreach Program. October, 1178–1179.

Overhead Projector Demonstrations Kashmar, Richard J. The Use of Cut-Out Molecular Models on the Overhead Projector To Illustrate Stoichiometry and Limiting Reactants. (OPD) July, 791–792. Yappert, M. Cecilia; DuPré, Donald B. Complexometric Titrations: Competition of Complexing Agents in the Determination of Water Hardness with EDTA. (OPD) December, 1422–1423.

Periodicity/Periodic Table Banks, Alton J.; Holmes, Jon L. Periodic Table Live!: The Periodic Table CD. (JCE SOFT) April, 445–447. Bills, James L. Why the 4s Orbital is Occupied before the 3d. (LTE) June, 616.


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Subject Index • Volume 74 • 1997 He, Fu-cheng; Li, Xiang-yuan. The Periodic Building of the Elements: Can the Periodic Table Be Transformed into Stereo? July, 792– 793. Kotz, John C.; Young, Susan. Periodic Table Live!: Chemistry Navigator Upgrade. (JCE SOFT) April, 445–447. Martin, John S. Periodic Table Games. (JCE SOFT) March, 346–347. Melrose, Melvyn P.; Scerri, Eric R. Why the 4s Orbital is Occupied before the 3d. (LTE) June, 616. Schatz, Paul F.; Moore, John W.; Holmes, Jon L.; Kotz, John C. Periodic Table Live!: Illustrated Periodic Table Upgrade. April, 445– 447.

Phase Transitions/Diagrams Bailey, Ronald A.; Desai, Sudhen B.; Hepfinger, Norbert F.; Hollinger, Henry B.; Locke, Peter S.; Miller, Kenneth J.; Deacutis, James J.; VanSteele, Donald R. Simultaneous Recording of Multiple Cooling Curves. June, 732–733. Kennedy, A. P., Sr. Determination of Enthalpy of Vaporization Using a Microwave Oven. October, 1231–1232. Smith, Norman O. The Gibbs Energy Basis and Construction of Melting Point Diagrams in Binary Systems. September, 1080–1084. Soltzberg, Leonard J.; Bowers, Peter G.; Hofstetter, Christine. A Computer Model for Soda Bottle Oscillations: “The Bottelator”. June, 711–714. Wisniak, Jaime. Phase Separation in Binary Systems: The Possibility of Gas–Gas Equilibrium at Subcritical Conditions. May, 546– 548.

Photochemistry Churio, M. S.; Grela, M. A. Photochemistry of Benzophenone in 2-Propanol: An Easy Experiment for Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Courses. April, 436–438. de Silva, A. Prasanna; Gunnlaugsson, Thorfinnur; McCoy, Colin P. Photoionic Supermolecules: Mobilizing the Charge and Light Brigades. (POC) January, 53–58. Fister, Julius C., III; Harris, Joel M.; Rank, Diana; Wacholtz, William. Molecular Photophysics of Acridine Yellow Studied by Phosphorescence and Delayed Fluorescence: An Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Experiment. October, 1208–1212. Kimbrough, Doris R. The Photochemistry of Sunscreens. (AA) January, 51–53. Logan, S. R. Does a Photochemical Reaction Have a Reaction Order? November, 1303. Maestri, Mauro; Ballardini, Roberto; Pina, Fernando; Melo, Maria João. An Easy and Inexpensive Flash Spectroscopy Experiment. November, 1314–1316. Muyskens, Mark A.; Sevy, Eric T. The Remarkable Resilience of Beer’s Law. September, 1138. Smith, Marion W.; Brown, Renee; Smullin, Steven; Eager, Jon. Photosensitized Peroxidation of Lipids: An Experiment Using 1H-NMR. December, 1471–1473.

Physical Chemistry Anderson, Bruce D. Alternative Compounds for the Particle in a Box Experiment. August, 985. Bacskay, George B.; Reimers, Jeffrey R.; Nordholm, Sture. The Mechanism of Covalent Bonding. December, 1494–1502. Baraldi, Ivan; Vanossi, Davide. On the Character Tables of Finite Point Groups. July, 806–809. Battino, Rubin; Strong, Laurence E.; Wood, Scott E. A Brief History of Thermodynamics Notation. March, 304–305. Berry, Stephan. “Biochemical Predestination” as Heuristic Principle for Understanding the Origin of Life. August, 950–951.

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Bocarsly, Andrew B.; Chang, Clark C.; Wu, Ying; Vicenzi, Edward P. Inorganic Photolithography: Interfacial Multicomponent Pattern Generation. (SYM) June, 663–667. Boiko, V. P. An Apparatus for Fast Dilution. April, 439–440. Bowers, Peter G.; Rubin, Mordecai B.; Noyes, Richard M.; Andueza, Dagmar. Carbon Dioxide Dissolution as a Relaxation Process: A Kinetics Experiment for Physical Chemistry. December, 1455–1458. Bradley, Michael S.; Bratu, Cheryl. Vibrational Line Profiles As a Probe of Molecular Interactions. May, 553–555. Bravo-Díaz, Carlos; González-Romero, Elisa. Showing Properties of Food Foams with Common Dairy Foods. September, 1133– 1135. Buckley, Paul D.; Jolley, Kenneth W.; Watson, Ian D. Projects in the Physical Chemistry Laboratory: Letting the Students Choose. May, 549–551. Butera, R. A.; Waldeck, D. H. X-Ray Diffraction Investigation of Alloys. January, 115–119. Butera, R. A.; Waldeck, D. H. The Dependence of Resistance on Temperature for Metals, Semiconductors, and Superconductors. September, 1090–1094. Churio, M. S.; Grela, M. A. Photochemistry of Benzophenone in 2-Propanol: An Easy Experiment for Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Courses. April, 436–438. Comeford, Lorrie. Writing Assignments in Physical Chemistry. April, 392. Dakkouri, M.; Bodenmuller, W. Effect of Dielectric Constant and Ionic Strength on the Fading of N,N-Dimethylaminophenolphthalein in Alkaline Medium. May, 556–559. Dominguez, Ana; Fernández, Aurora; González, Noemí; Iglesias, Emilia; Montenegro, Luis. Determination of Critical Micelle Concentration of Some Surfactants by Three Techniques. October, 1227–1231. El Seoud, Omar A.; Bazito, Reinaldo C.; Sumodjo, Paulo T. Kinetic Solvent Isotope Effect: A Simple, Multipurpose Physical Chemistry Experiment. May, 562–565. Fister, Julius C., III; Harris, Joel M.; Rank, Diana; Wacholtz, William. Molecular Photophysics of Acridine Yellow Studied by Phosphorescence and Delayed Fluorescence: An Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Experiment. October, 1208–1212. Fountain, C. Wes; Jennings, Jeanne; McKie, Cheryl K.; Oakman, Patrice; Fetterolf, Monty L. Viscosity of Common Seed and Vegetable Oils. February, 224–227. Garritz, Andoni. The Painting–Sponging Analogy for Chemical Equilibrium. (AA) May, 544–545. Gesser, H. D.; Ward, Ian. The Disappearing Liquid. (TD) November, 1357. Grant, Christopher A.; Hardwick, J. L. Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy of Small Molecules: A Physical Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. March, 318–321. Hansen, John C.; Kouri, Donald J.; Hoffman, David K. A Spreadsheet Template for Quantum Mechanical Wavepacket Propagation. (TECH) March, 335–342. Hemalatha, M. R. K.; NoorBatcha, I. An Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Experiment on the Analysis of First-Order Kinetic Data. August, 972–974. Hernàndez-Borrell, Jordi; Montero, M. Teresa. Calculating Microspecies Concentration of Zwitterion Amphoteric Compounds: Ciprofloxacin as Example. November, 1311– 1314. Hughes, Elvin, Jr.; Holmes, L. H., Jr. Using Lasers To Demonstrate Refraction, Diffraction, and Dispersion. (TD) March, 298. Jarek, Russell L.; Flesher, Robert J.; Shin, Seung Koo. Kinetics of Internal Rotation of N,N-Dimethylacetamide: A Spin-Saturation Transfer Experiment—An Undergraduate Physical Chemistry Experiment Using FT-


NMR To Determine an Internal Rotational Barrier. August, 978–982. Kahn, D.; Viswanathan, R. Study of Molecular Cluster in Undergraduate Physical Chemistry. August, 982–984. Kennedy, A. P., Sr. Determination of Enthalpy of Vaporization Using a Microwave Oven. October, 1231–1232. Klausen, Jörg; Meier, Markus A.; Schwarzenbach, René P. Assessing the Fate of Organic Contaminants in Aquatic Environments: Mechanism and Kinetics of Hydrolysis of a Carboxylic Ester. December, 1440–1444. Klotz, Irving M. Captives of Their Fantasies: The German Atomic Bomb Scientists. February, 204–209. Knudson, Stephen K. Applications of the Variation Method. August, 930–934. Ladd, M. F. C. The Language of Lattices and Cells. April, 461–465. Lambert, Frank L. Why Don’t Things Go Wrong More Often? Activation Energies: Maxwell’s Angels, Obstacles to Murphy’s Law. August, 947–948. Lieb, Shannon G. Simplex Method of Nonlinear Least-Squares—A Logical Complementary Method to Linear Least-Square Analysis of Data. August, 1008–1011. Logan, S. R. Free Energy. (LTE) January, 22. Logan, S. R. Does a Photochemical Reaction Have a Reaction Order? November, 1303. Lundberg, Peter. Educational NMR Software. (CBB) December, 1489–1491. Machuca-Herrera, Juan O. Nonlinear Curve Fitting Using Spreadsheets. (CBB) April, 448–449. Macomber, Roger S. A Unifying Approach to Absorption Spectroscopy at the Undergraduate Level. January, 65–67. McDowell, Sean A. C. Using Maple To Obtain Analytic Expressions in Physical Chemistry. (CBB) December, 1491–1493. McNaught, Ian J. Reducible Representations for Linear Molecules. July, 809–811. McNaught, Ian J. More then One Character Table? Yes! July, 811–812. Meyer, Edwin F. A Note on Covariance in Propagation of Uncertainty. November, 1339–1340. Muyskens, Mark A. An Integrated-Circuit Temperature Sensor for Calorimetry and Differential Temperature Measurement. July, 850– 853. Nelson, P. G. Quantifying Electrical Character. September, 1084–1086. Nóbrega, Joaquim A.; Rocha, Fábio R. P. Ionic Strength Effect on the Rate of Reduction of Hexacyanoferrate(III) by Ascorbic Acid: A Flow Injection Kinetic Experiment. May, 560–562. Nordholm, Sture. In Defense of Thermodynamics—An Animate Analogy. March, 273– 275. Ottewill, Geraldine A.; Walsh, Frank C. Consultancy in the Classroom: Using Industrial Chemistry in a Teaching Exercise. December, 1426–1430. Pavlis, Robert R. Kinetics without Steady State Approximations. (CBB) September, 1139– 1140. Piguet, Claude. Paramagnetic Susceptibility by NMR: The “Solvent Correction” Removed for Large Paramagnetic Molecules. July, 815– 816. Pojman, John A.; West, William W.; Simmons, Jennifer. Propagating Fronts of Polymerization in the Physical Chemistry Laboratory. June, 727–730. Ponomarev, D. A.; Takhistov, V. V. What Are Isodesmic Reactions? February, 201–203. Ramachandran, B. R.; Halpern, Arthur M. A Novel Experiment in Chemical Kinetics: The B → C Reaction System. August, 975– A 978. Reed, B. Cameron. Variational Treatment of Attractive Central Power-Law Potentials. August, 935–936.

Volume 74 • 1997 • Subject Index Rioux, Frank. Numerical Methods for Finding Momentum Space Distributions. May, 605– 606. Rioux, Frank. Enriching Quantum Chemistry with Mathcad. (JCE SOFT) August, 1016. Ritter, David; Johnson, Michael. Virtual Titrator: A Student-Oriented Instrument. January, 120–123. Roalstad, Shelly; Rue, Chad; LeMaster, Clifford B.; Lasko, Carol. A Room-Temperature Emission Lifetime Experiment for the Physical Chemistry Laboratory. July, 853–855. Ruekberg, Ben. Computation of Vapor Pressure. (LTE) January, 8. Saiz, Enrique; Tarazona, M. Pilar. Molecular Dynamics and the Water Molecule: An Introduction to Molecular Dynamics for Physical Chemistry Students. November, 1350– 1354. Sauder, Deborah; Towns, Marcy Hamby; Stout, Roland; Long, George; Zielinski, Theresa Julia. Physical Chemistry Students Explore Nonlinear Curve Fitting Online: An Experiment in Developing an Intercollegiate Learning Community. (CCD) March, 269–270. Shalhoub, George M. Visible Spectra Conjugated Dyes: Integrating Quantum Chemical Concepts with Experimental Data. November, 1317–1319. Siders, Paul. Calorimetric Determination of Aqueous Ion Enthalpies. February, 235–236. Smith, Norman O. The Gibbs Energy Basis and Construction of Melting Point Diagrams in Binary Systems. September, 1080–1084. Snehalatha, T.; Rajanna, K. C.; Saiprakash, P. K. Methylene Blue-Ascorbic Acid: An Undergraduate Experiment in Kinetics. February, 228–233. Soltzberg, Leonard J.; Bowers, Peter G.; Hofstetter, Christine. A Computer Model for Soda Bottle Oscillations: “The Bottelator”. June, 711–714. Starzak, Michael E. Illustrating Chemical Kinetic Principles with Ion Motions in Thin Membranes. April, 410–413. Suzuki, Chieko; Ihda, Sumiyo; Suzuki, Mayumi; Kurumi, Seiji. Experimental Methods To Demonstrate Two Sorts of Physicochemical Behavior with a Resin Tube. (TD) September, 1071–1073. Treptow, Richard S. Free Energy. (LTE) January, 22. Treptow, Richard S. Determination of ∆H for Reactions of the Born–Haber Cycle. August, 919–922. Wisniak, Jaime. Discharge of Vessels: Thermodynamics Analysis. March, 301–303. Wisniak, Jaime. Phase Separation in Binary Systems: The Possibility of Gas–Gas Equilibrium at Subcritical Conditions. May, 546– 548. Yan, Susan G.; Lyon, L. Andrew; Lemon, Buford I.; Preiskorn, Janice S.; Hupp, Joseph T. Energy Conversion Chemistry: Mechanisms of Charge Transfer at Metal-Oxide Semiconductor/Solution Interfaces. (SYM) June, 657–662. Zielinski, Theresa Julia; Allendoerfer, Robert D. Least Squares Fitting of Nonlinear Data in the Undergraduate Laboratory. August, 1001–1007.

Pimentel Award Address Ellis, Arthur B. Elements of Curriculum Reform: Putting Solids in the Foundation. (Pimentel Award Address) September, 1033– 1040.

Plant Chemistry Agosta, William C. Medicines and Drugs From Plants. (POC) July, 857–860. Barry, Dana M. Chem-Is-Tree. (POC) October, 1175–1177. Kimbrough, Doris R. Hot and Spicy vs. Cool and Minty as an Example of Organic Structure–Activity Relationships. (AA) July, 861– 862.

Polymer Chemistry Bunting, Roger K.; Swarat, Karsten; Yan, DaJing; Finello, Duane. Synthesis and Characterization of a Conducting Polymer: An Electrochemical Experiment of General Chemistry. April, 421–423. Carrière, François J.; Abouaf, Madeleine. Passion Research: A Joint Venture To Interest High School Students in Chemistry. January, 61–63. Carter, Henry A. The Chemistry of Paper Preservation Part 4. Alkaline Paper. May, 508– 511. Garner, Charles M.; Nething, Matthew; Nguyen, Phuc. Synthesis of a Superabsorbent Polymer. January, 95–96. Gruber, Jonas; de Santana, Henrique; Gruber, Isaac; Gazotti, Wilson, Jr. Easily Built LowCost Apparatus To Measure Polymer Conductivity. April, 418–421. Gulden, Terry D.; Norton, Kirk P.; Streckert, Holger H.; Woolf, Lawrence D.; Baron, Joseph A.; Brammer, Shauna C.; Ezell, Danine L.; Wynn, Roger D. Materials Science Teaching Module as Adjunct to General Chemistry. July, 785–786. Hathaway, Bruce A.; Scates, Angela M. Preparation and Solution Polymerization of Diacetylenes. January, 111. Hessbrügge, Bernd J.; Vaidya, Atul M. Nonaqueous Interfacial Polycondensation: A Novel Technique for the Encapsulation of Water-Soluble Solids. November, 1322. Kabza, Konrad G.; Cochran, Kevin. From Polarimeter to Contact Angle Goniometer—Inexpensive Conversion of Laboratory Equipment. March, 322–323. Kharas, Gregory B. A New Investigative Sophomore Organic Laboratory Involving Individual Research Projects. July, 829–831. Lewis, T. W.; Wallace, G. G. Communicative Polymers: The Basis for Development of Intelligent Materials. (POC) June, 703–708. McLaughlin, K. W.; Wyffels, N. K.; Jentz, A. B.; Keenan, M. V. The Gelation of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) with Na2B4O7•10H2O: Killing Slime. January, 97–99. Moeur, Harriet P.; Swatik, Sharon A.; Pinnell, Robert P. Microscale Dehydration of Cyclohexanol Using a Macroreticular Cation Exchange Resin as Catalyst. (ML) July, 833. Orbell, John D.; Godhino, Leroy; Bigger, Stephen W.; Nguyen, Thi Man; Ngeh, Lawrence N. Oil Spill Remediation Using Magnetic Particles: An Experiment in Environmental Technology. December, 1446– 1448. Pojman, John A.; West, William W.; Simmons, Jennifer. Propagating Fronts of Polymerization in the Physical Chemistry Laboratory. June, 727–730. Ramírez López, Elena G.; Albores-Velasco, Martha. Quantification of Polystyrene Acylation by IR Spectroscopy: An Experiment on Polymer IR Analysis. May, 551–552. Problem-based Learning Dunn, Jeffrey G.; Phillips, David N.; van Bronswijk, Wilhelm. Introducing Third-Year Chemistry Students to the Planning and Design of an Experimental Program. October, 1186–1187. Juhl, Lorie; Yearsley, Kaye; Silva, Andrew J. Interdisciplinary Project-Based Learning through an Environmental Water Quality Study. December, 1431–1433. Mitchell, Philip C. H. Metal Complexes of EDTA: An Exercise in Data Interpretation. October, 1235–1237.

Products of Chemistry Agosta, William C. Medicines and Drugs From Plants. (POC) July, 857–860. Barry, Dana M. Chem-Is-Tree. (POC) October, 1175–1177. de Silva, A. Prasanna; Gunnlaugsson, Thorfinnur; McCoy, Colin P. Photoionic

Supermolecules: Mobilizing the Charge and Light Brigades. (POC) January, 53–58. Lewis, T. W.; Wallace, G. G. Communicative Polymers: The Basis for Development of Intelligent Materials. (POC) June, 703–708.

Proteins Bravo-Díaz, Carlos; González-Romero, Elisa. Showing Properties of Food Foams with Common Dairy Foods. September, 1133– 1135. Bylkas, Sheri A.; Andersson, Laura A. Microburger Biochemistry: Extraction and Spectral Characterization of Myoglobin from Hamburger. April, 426–430. Chowdhry, Babur; Leharne, Stephen. Simulation and Analysis of Differential Scanning Calorimetry Output: Protein Unfolding Studies 1. February, 236–241. Jones, Colleen M. An Introduction to Research in Protein Folding for Undergraduates. (CIB) November, 1306–1310. Ochiai, Ei-Ichiro. Electron Transport in Proteins and DNAs: Principles and Applications in Bioinorganic Chemistry—X. May, 600– 604. Stein, Paul J. The Sweetness of Aspartame: A Biochemistry Lab for Health Science Chemistry Courses. September, 1112–1113.

Public Understanding/Appreciation Agosta, William C. Medicines and Drugs From Plants. (POC) July, 857–860. Barry, Dana M. Chem-Is-Tree. (POC) October, 1175–1177. Bentsen, Ken. Filling the Void: Community Colleges Give Millions of Students the Chance To Succeed. (2YC3 ) July, 753. Carrière, François J.; Abouaf, Madeleine. Passion Research: A Joint Venture To Interest High School Students in Chemistry. January, 61–63. Chemistry in the News: 1997 Nobel Prizes in Chemistry and Medicine. December, 1388. Clinton, Bill. Opening College Doors to All Americans: Excerpts from Remarks at San Jacinto Community College. (2YC3) December, 1392–1393. Craig, Norman C. ACS National Historic Chemical Landmark: Charles Martin Hall’s Discovery of the Electrochemical Process for Aluminum. November, 1269. Crosby, G. A. The Necessary Role of Scientists in the Education of Elementary Teachers. March, 271–272. Davis, Scott A.; George, Arnold. Chemistry for Children: A Program in Precollege Chemistry for Elementary and Middle School Teachers. (CFK) January, 59–61. Dobson, Geoffrey P. Reshaping the Teaching of Science: A Scientist’s Perspective. April, 453– 454. Doyle, Ellin. Olestra? The Jury’s Still Out. (CBN) April, 370–372. Dunstan, Marie; Bassinger, Pat. An Innovative Model: Undergraduate Poster Sessions by Health Professional Majors as a Method for Communicating Chemistry in Context. September, 1067–1069. Gunter, Mickey E.; Gammon, Steven D.; Kearney, Robert J.; Waller, Brenda E.; Oliver, David J. Development and Implementation of an Integrated Science Course for Elementary Education Majors. (NSF) February, 183. Hall, A. C. What a Tangled Web. (LTE) August, 880. Heinhorst, Sabine; Cannon, Gordon. Report from Nature. (ROJ) January, 13. Hocking, Martin B. Vanillin: Synthetic Flavoring from Spent Sulfite Liquor. September, 1055–1059. Hocking, Martin B. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1055–1059. (Corrections) December, 1384. Jasien, Paul G. Chemical Behavior. (AA) August, 943.


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Subject Index • Volume 74 • 1997 Kimbrough, Doris R. The Photochemistry of Sunscreens. (AA) January, 51–53. Klotz, Irving M. Captives of Their Fantasies: The German Atomic Bomb Scientists. February, 204–209. Kundell, Frederick A. A Fast Inexpensive Procedure for Making 35-mm Slides. November, 1342. Laing, Michael. What a Tangled Web. (LTE) August, 880. Lambert, Frank L. Why Don’t Things Go Wrong More Often? Activation Energies: Maxwell’s Angels, Obstacles to Murphy’s Law. August, 947–948. López-Garriga, Juan; Muñoz-Solá, Yldefonso; Echevarría, Yolanda; Nazario, William; de Jesus-Bonilla, Walleska; Camacho-Zapata, Richardo. Science on Wheels: A Coherent Link Between Educational Perspectives. November, 1346–1349. Matthews, Fred J. Science ExpOlympics: An Outreach Program of Competitive and Noncompetitive Events for High School Students. April, 452. Meserole, Chad A.; Mulcahy, Francis M.; Lutz, John; Yousif, Hashim A. CO2 Absorption of IR Radiated by the Earth. March, 316–317. Moore, John W. An Era of Change. (Editorial) February, 141. Nicoll, Gayle. “Chemical Free” Foods: An Investigation of Students’ Definitions of a Chemical. April, 455–460. Orna, Mary Virginia. Doing Chemistry at the Art/Archaeology Interface: 1996 Norris Award Address. April, 373–376. Sabo, Mark; Sarquis, A. M.; Ennis, Chris. The PACT Ambassador Outreach Program: More Than Just a Bunch of “Old White-Haired Scientists”. April, 450–451. Schatz, Paul F. Anniversaries: 1997. January, 12. Shakhashiri, Bassam Z. Hubert N. Alyea, 1903–1996. January, 20. Shaw, Ralph. A Chemist’s Gift Guide. December, 1412. Stein, Andreas. The Suggestion Box—An Old Idea Brings the “Real World” Back to Freshman Chemistry Students (and Professors). July, 788–790. Thompson, Robert Q. The Thermodynamics of Drunk Driving. May, 532–536. Toby, Sidney. Chemistry in the Public Domain: A Plethora of Misinformation—or, Don’t Believe Everything You Read in the Newspapers! November, 1285–1287. Williams, Evan T. C&EN: A Good Resource for Student Papers. April, 389–390.

Qualitative Analysis Fontana, Sabine G.; Goldfarb, Theodore D. Reduction of Chlorinated Dibenzodioxin and Dibenzofuran Formation in the Beilstein Test. July, 838–841. Leenson, I. A. Identification of Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Alcohols: An Experiment in Spectrophotometry, Organic Chemistry, and Analytical Chemistry. April, 424–425. Snyder, Lloyd R. Modern Practice of Liquid Chromatography: Before and after 1971. (Waters Symposium) January, 37–44. Van Doren, Jane M.; Nestor, Lisa P.; Knighton, W. Berk. Engaging Students in the Action of Chemistry: An Effective, Fun, and Inexpensive Outreach Program. October, 1178– 1179. Yappert, M. Cecilia; DuPré, Donald B. Complexometric Titrations: Competition of Complexing Agents in the Determination of Water Hardness with EDTA. (OPD) December, 1422–1423.

Quantitative Analysis Carmosini, Nadia; Ghoreshy, Sanaz; Koether, Marina C. The Gravimetric Analysis of Nickel Using a Microwave Oven. August, 986–987.

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Gilles de Pelichy, Laurent D.; Adam, Carl; Smith, Eugene T. Analysis of the Essential Nutrient Strontium in Marine Aquariums by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: An Undergraduate Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Exercise. October, 1192–1194. Jansen, Michael P. How Efficient Is a Laboratory Burner in Heating Water? (F&R) February, 213–215. Leenson, I. A. Identification of Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Alcohols: An Experiment in Spectrophotometry, Organic Chemistry, and Analytical Chemistry. April, 424–425. Muyskens, Mark A.; Sevy, Eric T. The Remarkable Resilience of Beer’s Law. September, 1138. Snow, Nicholas H.; Dunn, Maureen; Patel, Sohita. Determination of Crude Fat in Food Products by Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Gravimetric Analysis. September, 1108– 1111. Thompson, Lynn; Veening, Hans; Strein, Timothy G. Capillary Electrophoresis in the Undergraduate Instrumental Analysis Laboratory: Determination of Common Analgesic Formulations. September, 1117–1121. Thompson, Lynn; Veening, Hans; Strein, Timothy G. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1117–1121. (Corrections) December, 1384. Van Arman, Scott A.; Thomsen, Marcus W. HPLC for Undergraduate Introductory Laboratories. January, 49–50. Vitha, Mark F.; Carr, Peter W. A Laboratory Exercise in Statistical Analysis of Data. August, 998–1000. Vogt, C.; Conradi, S.; Rohde, E. Determination of Caffeine and Other Purine Compounds in Food and Pharmaceuticals by Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography. September, 1126–1130. Wong, Jon W.; Ngim, Kenley K.; Shibamoto, Takayuki; Mabury, Scott A.; Eiserich, Jason P.; Yeo, Helen C. H. Determination of Formaldehyde in Cigarette Smoke. September, 1100–1103. Yang, Min J.; Orton, Maureen L.; Pawliszyn, Janusz. Quantitative Determination of Caffeine in Beverages Using a Combined SPME-GC/MS Method. September, 1130– 1132. Yappert, M. Cecilia; DuPré, Donald B. Complexometric Titrations: Competition of Complexing Agents in the Determination of Water Hardness with EDTA. (OPD) December, 1422–1423.

Quantum Chemistry Anderson, Bruce D. Alternative Compounds for the Particle in a Box Experiment. August, 985. Baraldi, Ivan; Vanossi, Davide. On the Character Tables of Finite Point Groups. July, 806–809. Comeford, Lorrie. Writing Assignments in Physical Chemistry. April, 392. Garofalo, Anthony. Housing Electrons: Relating Quantum Numbers, Energy Levels, and Electron Configuration. (AA) June, 709–710. Hansen, John C.; Kouri, Donald J.; Hoffman, David K. A Spreadsheet Template for Quantum Mechanical Wavepacket Propagation. (TECH) March, 335–342. Knudson, Stephen K. Applications of the Variation Method. August, 930–934. McDowell, Sean A. C. Using Maple To Obtain Analytic Expressions in Physical Chemistry. (CBB) December, 1491–1493. Reed, B. Cameron. Variational Treatment of Attractive Central Power-Law Potentials. August, 935–936. Rioux, Frank. Numerical Methods for Finding Momentum Space Distributions. May, 605– 606. Rioux, Frank. Enriching Quantum Chemistry with Mathcad. (JCE SOFT) August, 1016.


Shalhoub, George M. Visible Spectra Conjugated Dyes: Integrating Quantum Chemical Concepts with Experimental Data. November, 1317–1319.

Reactive Intermediates Baird, N. Colin. Free Radical Reactions in Aqueous Solutions: Examples from Advanced Oxidation Processes for Wastewater from the Chemistry in Airborne Water Droplets. July, 817–819. Ponomarev, D. A.; Takhistov, V. V. What Are Isodesmic Reactions? February, 201–203.

Redox Reactions Anselme, Jean-Pierre. Understanding Oxidation–Reduction in Organic Chemistry. January, 69–72. Durham, Bill; Millett, Frank. Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complexes and the ElectronTransfer Reactions of Metalloproteins. (SYM) June, 636–640. Giomini, Claudio; Marrosu, Giancarlo; Cardinali, Mario E. Double Redox Reactions. (LTE) July, 744. Glaister, P. A Challenging Balance. November, 1368. Guo, Chunshi. A New Inspection Method for Balancing Redox Equations. November, 1365–1366. Hiegel, Gene A.; Chaharmohal, Afshin K. The TCICA Test for Distinguishing Primary and Secondary Alcohols. April, 423. Kolonie, Laura. Redox Rap. (LTE) January, 22. Lamba, Ram; Sharma, Shiva; Lloyd, Baird W. Constructing Chemical Concepts through a Study of Metals and Metal Ions: Guided Inquiry Experiments for General Chemistry. September, 1095–1099. Ludwig, Oliver G. On Balancing “Redox Challenges” by Unconventional Oxidation Numbers. (LTE) November, 1270–1271. Nelson, Rodger S. Redox Challenges. (LTE) November, 1256. Nóbrega, Joaquim A.; Rocha, Fábio R. P. Ionic Strength Effect on the Rate of Reduction of Hexacyanoferrate(III) by Ascorbic Acid: A Flow Injection Kinetic Experiment. May, 560–562. Olson, John A. An Analysis of the Algebraic Method for Balancing Chemical Reactions. May, 538–542. Proksa, Miroslav. The Sodium Rainbow. (TD) August, 942. Smith, William R.; Missen, Ronald W. Using Mathematica and Maple To Obtain Chemical Equations. November, 1369–1371. Sobkowiak, Andrzej. Redox Challenges. (LTE) November, 1256. ten Hoor, Marten J. Redox Balancing without Puzzling. November, 1367–1368. Tóth, Zoltán. Double Redox Reactions. (LTE) July, 744. Tóth, Zoltán. On Balancing “Redox Challenges” by Unconventional Oxidation Numbers. (LTE) November, 1270. Walczak, Mary M.; Dryer, Deborah A.; Jacobson, Dana D.; Foss, Michele G.; Flynn, Nolan T. pH Dependent Redox Couple: Illustrating the Nernst Equation Using Cyclic Voltammetry. October, 1195–1197. Woolf, A. A. On Balancing “Redox Challenges” by Unconventional Oxidation Numbers. (LTE) November, 1270.

Reports from Other Journals Heinhorst, Sabine; Cannon, Gordon. Report from Nature. (ROJ) January, 13. Heinhorst, Sabine; Cannon, Gordon. Reports from Nature. (ROJ) May, 490. Heinhorst, Sabine; Cannon, Gordon. Slick Nanoparticles and Other Gleanings from Nature. (ROJ) September, 1026. Judd, Carolyn Sweeney. News from Online. (ROJ) March, 260.

Volume 74 • 1997 • Subject Index Judd, Carolyn Sweeney. News from Online. (ROJ) June, 620–621. Judd, Carolyn Sweeney. News from Online. (ROJ) September, 1028–1030. Judd, Carolyn Sweeney. News from Online. (ROJ) December, 1394–1395. Robinson, William R. A View of the Science Education Research Literature. (ROJ) January, 16. Schatz, Paul F. Some Food for Thought. (ROJ) July, 746–747. Thomsen, Volker B. E. Report from The Physics Teacher. (ROJ) August, 897.

Safety Tips Tomboulian, Paul; Parrot, Katie. Chemical Education for Toxic Substance Control. (ST) December, 1434–1436.

Safety/Hazardous Materials Everett, T. Stephen. Eliminating Mercury Thermometers from the Lab. October, 1204. Fontana, Sabine G.; Goldfarb, Theodore D. Reduction of Chlorinated Dibenzodioxin and Dibenzofuran Formation in the Beilstein Test. July, 838–841. Taylor, Larry C. Burning Phosphorus under Water Safely. (TD) September, 1074.

Separation Science Charles, Melissa J.; Martin, Nea W.; Msimanga, Huggins Z. Simultaneous Determination of Aspirin, Salicylamide, and Caffeine in Pain Relievers by Target Factor Analysis. September, 1114–1117. Conradi, S.; Vogt, C.; Rohde, E. Separation of Enantiomeric Barbiturates by Capillary Electrophoresis Using a Cyclodextrin Containing Run Buffer. September, 1122–1125. Drouin, Jacques; Costante, Jeanne; GuibéJampel, Eryk. A Thermostable Microbial Enzyme for Fast Preparative Organic Chemistry: The Preparation of (R)-(+)-1phenylethanol from (±)-1-phenylethyl Pentanoate and n-Butanol. August, 992–995. Karger, Barry L. HPLC: Early and Recent Perspectives. (Waters Symposium) January, 45– 48. Kinzer, Dwight. A Microscale Laboratory Heating System. (ML) November, 1333–1335. Mahon, Andrew R. The Safe and Efficient Evaporation of a Solvent from Solution. February, 246. Snow, Nicholas H.; Dunn, Maureen; Patel, Sohita. Determination of Crude Fat in Food Products by Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Gravimetric Analysis. September, 1108– 1111. Snyder, Lloyd R. Modern Practice of Liquid Chromatography: Before and after 1971. (Waters Symposium) January, 37–44. West, Steven P.; Poon, Thomas; Anderson, Jamey L.; West, Michele A.; Foote, Christopher S. Extraction, Isolation and Characterization of Fullerene C60: A Safe and Reliable Separation Experiment. (F&R) March, 311– 312.

Solid-State Chemistry Ellis, Arthur B.; Brainard, Robert J.; Kepler, Keith D.; Moore, Dale E.; Winder, Edmund J.; Kuech, Thomas F.; Lisensky, George C. Modulation of the Photoluminescence of Semiconductors by Surface Adduct Formation: An Application of Inorganic Photochemistry to Chemical Sensing. (SYM) June, 680–684. Ellis, Arthur B. Elements of Curriculum Reform: Putting Solids in the Foundation. (Pimentel Award Address) September, 1033– 1040. Forslund, Bertil. A Simple Laboratory Demonstration of Electrochromism. August, 962– 963. Ladd, M. F. C. The Language of Lattices and Cells. April, 461–465.

Laing, Michael. An Inexpensive Kit for Constructing Models of Crystals. July, 795–796. Mayer, Ludwig A. Solid State Structures. (JCE SOFT) September, 1144. Mayer, Ludwig A. Solid State Structures. (JCE SOFT) October, 1246. Robinson, William R.; Tejchma, Joan F. A Window on the Solid State: Part I: Structures of Metals; Part II: Unit Cells of Metals; Part III: Structures of Ionic Solids; Part IV: Unit Cells of Ionic Solids. (JCE SOFT) September, 1143. Robinson, William R.; Tejchma, Joan F. A Window on the Solid State: Part I: Structures of Metals; Part II: Unit Cells of Metals; Part III: Structures of Ionic Solids; Part IV: Unit Cells of Ionic Solids. (JCE SOFT) October, 1245. Yan, Susan G.; Lyon, L. Andrew; Lemon, Buford I.; Preiskorn, Janice S.; Hupp, Joseph T. Energy Conversion Chemistry: Mechanisms of Charge Transfer at Metal-Oxide Semiconductor/Solution Interfaces. (SYM) June, 657– 662.

Solutions/Solvents Boiko, V. P. An Apparatus for Fast Dilution. April, 439–440. Burns, Danny; Lewis, Don. A Quantitative Conductance Apparatus. May, 570–571. Dakkouri, M.; Bodenmuller, W. Effect of Dielectric Constant and Ionic Strength on the Fading of N,N-Dimethylaminophenolphthalein in Alkaline Medium. May, 556–559. Gesser, H. D.; Ward, Ian. The Disappearing Liquid. (TD) November, 1357. Knopp, Michael A. Rayon from Dryer Lint: A Demonstration. (F&R) April, 401. Lowry, Thomas H. Removing Silicone Grease from Glassware. July, 841. Mahon, Andrew R. The Safe and Efficient Evaporation of a Solvent from Solution. February, 246. Stock, John T. The Pathway to the Ostwald Dilution Law. July, 865–867.

Spectroscopy Baraldi, Ivan; Vanossi, Davide. On the Character Tables of Finite Point Groups. July, 806–809. Beauchamp, Philip S.; Marquez, Rodolfo. A General Approach for Calculating Proton Chemical Shifts for Methyl, Methylene and Methine Protons When There Are One or More Substituents within Three Carbons. December, 1483–1485. Calloway, Dean. Beer–Lambert Law. (LTE) July, 744. Gilles de Pelichy, Laurent D.; Adam, Carl; Smith, Eugene T. Analysis of the Essential Nutrient Strontium in Marine Aquariums by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: An Undergraduate Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Exercise. October, 1192–1194. Grant, Christopher A.; Hardwick, J. L. Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy of Small Molecules: A Physical Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. March, 318–321. Heuer, William B.; Koubek, Edward. An Investigation into the Absorption of Infrared Light by Small Molecules: A General Chemistry Experiment. March, 313–315. Howell, James A. S. The Phase-Transfer-Catalyzed Preparation of Mo(CO)4(diphos): An Intermediate-Level Organometallic–Inorganic Experiment. May, 577–579. Hughes, Elvin, Jr.; Holmes, L. H., Jr. Using Lasers To Demonstrate Refraction, Diffraction, and Dispersion. (TD) March, 298. Jacobs, Stephen F. Challenges of Everyday Spectra. (CET) September, 1070. Ladd, M. F. C. The Language of Lattices and Cells. April, 461–465. Macomber, Roger S. A Unifying Approach to Absorption Spectroscopy at the Undergraduate Level. January, 65–67. Pandey, Siddharth; Powell, Joyce R.; McHale, Mary E. R.; Acree, William E., Jr. Quantita-

tive Determination of Cr(III) and Co(II) Using a Spectroscopic H-Point Standard Addition Method. July, 848–850. Rhoads, Charlene M.; Farquar, George R.; Wood, William F. Ozonolysis Experiments Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry: An Undergraduate Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. October, 1220–1221. Riley, Scott A.; Nishimura, A. M. An Inexpensive Photon Counter Interface for the Personal Computer. (CBB) October, 1243–1244. Roalstad, Shelly; Rue, Chad; LeMaster, Clifford B.; Lasko, Carol. A Room-Temperature Emission Lifetime Experiment for the Physical Chemistry Laboratory. July, 853–855. Stolzberg, Richard J. Screening and Sequential Experimentation: Simulations and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Experiments. February, 216–220. Treptow, Richard S. Determination of ∆H for Reactions of the Born–Haber Cycle. August, 919–922. Van Ryswyk, Hal. A General Chemistry Experiment Incorporating Synthesis and Structural Determination. July, 842–844. Walters, Christina; Keeney, Allen; Wigal, Carl T.; Johnston, Cynthia R.; Cornelius, Richard D. The Spectrophotometric Analysis and Modeling of Sunscreens. January, 99–102. Ziessel, Raymond F. Photoinduced Energy or Electron Transfer in Supramolecular Systems: Applications to Molecular Wires and Light-Harvesting Sensors. (SYM) June, 673– 679.

Statistical Mechanics Nordholm, Sture. In Defense of Thermodynamics—An Animate Analogy. March, 273–275. Starzak, Michael E. Illustrating Chemical Kinetic Principles with Ion Motions in Thin Membranes. April, 410–413.

Stereochemistry Beeston, Ruth Freitag; Stitzel, Shannon E.; Rhea, Mitchell A. Investigation of Atropisomerism in ortho-Substituted Tetraphenylporphyrins: An Experimental Module Involving Synthesis, Chromatography, and NMR Spectroscopy. December, 1468–1471. Bradley, Lynn M.; Springer, Joseph W.; Delate, Gregory M.; Goodman, Andrew. Epoxidation of Geraniol: An Advanced Organic Experiment that Illustrates Asymmetric Synthesis. November, 1336–1338. Conradi, S.; Vogt, C.; Rohde, E. Separation of Enantiomeric Barbiturates by Capillary Electrophoresis Using a Cyclodextrin Containing Run Buffer. September, 1122–1125. Cooley, James H.; Williams, Richard Vaughan. endo- and exo-Stereochemistry in the Diels– Alder Reaction: Kinetic versus Thermodynamic Control. May, 582–585. Jarret, Ronald M.; New, Jamie; Karaliolis, Kalliopi. Reactions of Bromine with Diphenylethylenes: An Introduction to Electrophilic Substitution. January, 109–110. Ladd, M. F. C. The Language of Lattices and Cells. April, 461–465. Leventis, Nicholas; Hanna, Samir B.; SotiriouLeventis, Chariklia. A Three-Dimensional Energy Surface for the Conformational Inversion of Cyclohexane. July, 813–814. Parrill, Abby L.; Gervay, Jacquelyn. DiscoveryBased Stereochemistry Tutorials Available on the World Wide Web. March, 329. Stephani, Ralph; Cesare, Victor. Resolution of Racemic Phenylsuccinic Acid Using (–)-Proline as a Resolving Agent: An Introductory Organic Chemistry Experiment. October, 1226. Suh, Il-Hwan; Park, Koon Ha; Jensen, William P.; Lewis, David E. Molecules, Crystals, and Chirality. July, 800–805. Toong, Yock Chai; Wang, Shih Yung. An Example of a Human Topological Rubber Glove Act. April, 403–404.


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Subject Index • Volume 74 • 1997 Walsh, Thomas D.; Koontz, Curtis S. Determination of the Enantiomeric Purity of Naproxen: An Organic Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. May, 585–586. Welch, Christopher J. An Experiment To Demonstrate Magnetic Nonequivalence in Proton NMR. February, 247–248.

Stoichiometry Freeman, Wade A.; Goh, Ngoh-Khang; Chia, L. S.; Hart, David M.; Lucas, Eric A.; Perry, David J.; Subramaniam, R.; ten Hoor, Marten J.; Toby, Sidney; Treptow, Richard S. How Do I Balance Thee?… Let Me Count the Ways! (LTE) November, 1271. Glaister, P. A Challenging Balance. November, 1368. Guo, Chunshi. A New Inspection Method for Balancing Redox Equations. November, 1365–1366. Hennis, April D.; Highberger, C. Scott; Schreiner, Serge. Formation and Dimerization of NO2: A General Chemistry Experiment. November, 1340–1342. Herndon, William C. On Balancing Chemical Equations: Past and Present. November, 1359–1362. How Big Is the Balloon? Stoichiometry Using Baking Soda and Vinegar. (JCE Classroom Activity) November, 1328A–1328B. Kashmar, Richard J. The Use of Cut-Out Molecular Models on the Overhead Projector To Illustrate Stoichiometry and Limiting Reactants. (OPD) July, 791–792. Kauffman, George B. Principal Net Equations. (LTE) April, 368. Krieger, Carla R. Stoogiometry: A Cognitive Approach to Teaching Stoichiometry. (VIEW) March, 306–309. Lamba, Ram; Sharma, Shiva; Lloyd, Baird W. Constructing Chemical Concepts through a Study of Metals and Metal Ions: Guided Inquiry Experiments for General Chemistry. September, 1095–1099. Ludwig, Oliver G. On Balancing “Redox Challenges” by Unconventional Oxidation Numbers. (LTE) November, 1270–1271. Moore, John W. Balancing the Forest and the Trees. (Editorial) November, 1253. Nelson, Rodger S. Redox Challenges. (LTE) November, 1256. Smith, William R.; Missen, Ronald W. Using Mathematica and Maple To Obtain Chemical Equations. November, 1369–1371. Sobkowiak, Andrzej. Redox Challenges. (LTE) November, 1256. ten Hoor, Marten J. Redox Balancing without Puzzling. November, 1367–1368. Tóth, Zoltán. On Balancing “Redox Challenges” by Unconventional Oxidation Numbers. (LTE) November, 1270. Tóth, Zoltán. Balancing Chemical Equations by Inspection. November, 1363–1364. Woolf, A. A. On Balancing “Redox Challenges” by Unconventional Oxidation Numbers. (LTE) November, 1270.

Surface Science Arnáiz, Francisco J. The Membrane Analogy for Surface Tension in Liquids. (AA) November, 1358. Bunjes, Alex; Eilks, Ingo; Pahlke, Manfred; Ralle, Bernd. On the Disproportionations of Cyclohexene and Related Compounds. November, 1323–1325. Ellis, Arthur B.; Brainard, Robert J.; Kepler, Keith D.; Moore, Dale E.; Winder, Edmund J.; Kuech, Thomas F.; Lisensky, George C. Modulation of the Photoluminescence of Semiconductors by Surface Adduct Formation: An Application of Inorganic Photochemistry to Chemical Sensing. (SYM) June, 680–684. Glaunsinger, William S.; Ramakrishna, B. L.; Garcia, Antonio A.; Pizziconi, Vincent. Multidisciplinary Scanning Probe Microscopy Laboratory. (NSF) March, 310.

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Kabza, Konrad G.; Cochran, Kevin. From Polarimeter to Contact Angle Goniometer—Inexpensive Conversion of Laboratory Equipment. March, 322–323. Lorenz, Julie K.; Olson, Joel A.; Campbell, Dean J.; Lisensky, George C.; Ellis, Arthur B. A Refrigerator Magnet Analog of ScanningProbe Microscopy. (JCE Classroom Activity) September, 1032A–1032B. Riley, Scott A.; Franklin, Nathan R.; Oudinarath, Bobbie; Wong, Sally; Congalton, David; Nishimura, A. M. Measurement of Evaporation Rates of Organic Liquids by Optical Interference. November, 1320–1322. Tyler, David R. Organometallic Photochemistry: Basic Principles and Applications to Materials Chemistry. (SYM) June, 668–672.

Symposium in Print Bocarsly, Andrew B.; Chang, Clark C.; Wu, Ying; Vicenzi, Edward P. Inorganic Photolithography: Interfacial Multicomponent Pattern Generation. (SYM) June, 663–667. Carter, Pamela J.; Ciftan, Suzanne A.; Sistare, Mark F.; Thorp, H. Holden. Perfect Strangers: Inorganic Photochemistry and Nucleic Acids. (SYM) June, 641–645. Demas, J. N.; DeGraff, B. A. Applications of Luminescent Transition Metal Complexes to Sensor Technology and Molecular Probes. (SYM) June, 690–695. Durham, Bill; Millett, Frank. Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complexes and the ElectronTransfer Reactions of Metalloproteins. (SYM) June, 636–640. Ellis, Arthur B.; Brainard, Robert J.; Kepler, Keith D.; Moore, Dale E.; Winder, Edmund J.; Kuech, Thomas F.; Lisensky, George C. Modulation of the Photoluminescence of Semiconductors by Surface Adduct Formation: An Application of Inorganic Photochemistry to Chemical Sensing. (SYM) June, 680– 684. Gouterman, Martin. Oxygen Quenching of Luminescence of Pressure Sensitive Paint for Wind Tunnel Research. (SYM) June, 697– 702. Kneas, Kristi A.; Xu, Wenying; DeGraff, B. A.; Demas, J. N. Dramatic Demonstration of Oxygen Sensing by Luminescence Quenching. (SYM) June, 696. Meyer, Gerald J. Efficient Light-to-Electrical Energy Conversion: Nanocrystalline TiO 2 Films Modified with Inorganic Sensitizers. (SYM) June, 652–656. Netzel, Thomas L. Electron Transfer Reactions in DNA. (SYM) June, 646–651. Schanze, Kirk S.; Schmehl, Russell H. Introduction: Applications of Inorganic Photochemistry to the Chemical and Biological Sciences—Contemporary Developments. (SYM) June, 633–635. Shen, Yibing; Sullivan, B. Patrick. Luminescence Sensors for Cations Based on “Designed” Transition Metal Complexes. (SYM) June, 685–689. Tyler, David R. Organometallic Photochemistry: Basic Principles and Applications to Materials Chemistry. (SYM) June, 668–672. Yan, Susan G.; Lyon, L. Andrew; Lemon, Buford I.; Preiskorn, Janice S.; Hupp, Joseph T. Energy Conversion Chemistry: Mechanisms of Charge Transfer at Metal-Oxide Semiconductor/Solution Interfaces. (SYM) June, 657– 662. Ziessel, Raymond F. Photoinduced Energy or Electron Transfer in Supramolecular Systems: Applications to Molecular Wires and Light-Harvesting Sensors. (SYM) June, 673– 679.

Teaching with Technology Hansen, John C.; Kouri, Donald J.; Hoffman, David K. A Spreadsheet Template for Quantum Mechanical Wavepacket Propagation. (TECH) March, 335–342.


Teaching/Learning Aids Anthocyanins: A Colorful Class of Compounds. (JCE Classroom Activity) October, 1176A– 1176B. Banks, Alton J.; Holmes, Jon L. Periodic Table Live!: The Periodic Table CD. (JCE SOFT) April, 445–447. Berenato, Gregory; Maynard, David F. A Simple Audio Conductivity Device. April, 415–417. Billo, E. Joseph. Spreadsheet Grade Books. (LTE) February, 144. Bowyer, Walter J.; Kaydos, Janet A. A Novel Format for Seminar during the Senior Year of the College Chemistry Curriculum. February, 184–185. Bravo-Díaz, Carlos; González-Romero, Elisa. Showing Properties of Food Foams with Common Dairy Foods. September, 1133– 1135. Buckley, Paul D.; Jolley, Kenneth W.; Watson, Ian D. Projects in the Physical Chemistry Laboratory: Letting the Students Choose. May, 549–551. Burns, Danny; Lewis, Don. A Quantitative Conductance Apparatus. May, 570–571. Busboom, Sally Young. Project Longhorn: A Pilot Project in the Use of Batch Computing in High School Chemistry Teaching. October, 1181–1184. Cady, Susan G. Use of Pom Pons to Illustrate Cubic Crystal Structures. (CET) July, 794– 795. Comeford, Lorrie. Writing Assignments in Physical Chemistry. April, 392. Dougherty, Ralph C. Grade/Performance Contracts, Enhanced Communication, Cooperative Learning and Student Performance in Undergraduate Organic Chemistry. June, 722–726. Drake, Bruce D.; Acosta, Gracia M.; Smith, Richard L., Jr. An Effective Technique for Reading Research Articles—The Japanese KENSHU Method. February, 186–188. Driscoll, Jerry A. Acid Rain Demonstration: The Formation of Nitrogen Oxides as a By-Product of High-Temperature Flames in Connection with Internal Combustion Engines. (TD) December, 1424–1425. Dunstan, Marie; Bassinger, Pat. An Innovative Model: Undergraduate Poster Sessions by Health Professional Majors as a Method for Communicating Chemistry in Context. September, 1067–1069. Dutta Roy, S. C. Celsius to Fahrenheit and Vice Versa—Quick, Exact, and Neat. October, 1199. Fountain, K. R. Meta Tasks for Organizing Prevenient Knowledge in Organic Chemistry. March, 354–360. Fryhle, Craig B.; Waldow, Dean A.; Bock, J. Chris. The FTNMR Free Induction Decay Archive. April, 442–443. Garofalo, Anthony. Housing Electrons: Relating Quantum Numbers, Energy Levels, and Electron Configuration. (AA) June, 709–710. Garritz, Andoni. The Painting–Sponging Analogy for Chemical Equilibrium. (AA) May, 544–545. General Chemistry Collection for Students on CD-ROM. (JCE SOFT) February, 191–193. Halstead, Judith A. Rain, Lakes, and Streams—Investigating Acidity and Buffering Capacity in the Environment. (JCE Classroom Activity) December, 1456A– 1456B. He, Fu-cheng; Li, Xiang-yuan. The Periodic Building of the Elements: Can the Periodic Table Be Transformed into Stereo? July, 792–793. Hickman, Raymond J. S.; Neill, Jane. Influence of pH on Drug Absorption from the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Simple Chemical Model. July, 855–856. Hiegel, Gene A.; Chaharmohal, Afshin K. The TCICA Test for Distinguishing Primary and Secondary Alcohols. April, 423.

Volume 74 • 1997 • Subject Index How Big Is the Balloon? Stoichiometry Using Baking Soda and Vinegar. (JCE Classroom Activity) November, 1328A–1328B. Jacobs, Stephen F. Challenges of Everyday Spectra. (CET) September, 1070. Jasien, Paul G. Chemical Behavior. (AA) August, 943. Jones, Marjorie A. Use of a Classroom Jury Trial To Enhance Students’ Perception of Science as Part of Their Lives. May, 537. Judd, Carolyn Sweeney. News from Online. (ROJ) March, 260. Kashmar, Richard J. The Use of Cut-Out Molecular Models on the Overhead Projector To Illustrate Stoichiometry and Limiting Reactants. (OPD) July, 791–792. Kolonie, Laura. Redox Rap. (LTE) January, 22. Krieger, Carla R. Stoogiometry: A Cognitive Approach to Teaching Stoichiometry. (VIEW) March, 306–309. Kundell, Frederick A. A Fast Inexpensive Procedure for Making 35-mm Slides. November, 1342. Laing, Michael. An Inexpensive Kit for Constructing Models of Crystals. July, 795–796. Liu, Robert S. H.; Asato, Alfred E. Making Organic Concepts Visible. July, 783–784. López-Garriga, Juan; Muñoz-Solá, Yldefonso; Echevarría, Yolanda; Nazario, William; de Jesus-Bonilla, Walleska; Camacho-Zapata, Richardo. Science on Wheels: A Coherent Link Between Educational Perspectives. November, 1346–1349. Lorenz, Julie K.; Olson, Joel A.; Campbell, Dean J.; Lisensky, George C.; Ellis, Arthur B. A Refrigerator Magnet Analog of ScanningProbe Microscopy. (JCE Classroom Activity) September, 1032A–1032B. Lundberg, Peter. Educational NMR Software. (CBB) December, 1489–1491. Martin, John S. Periodic Table Games. (JCE SOFT) March, 346–347. Mayer, Ludwig A. Solid State Structures. (JCE SOFT) September, 1144. Mayer, Ludwig A. Solid State Structures. (JCE SOFT) October, 1246. Mayfield, Darwin L. Notes on an Outreach Forum for High School Chemistry Teachers— An Unexpected Success. May, 523–524. McDowell, Sean A. C. Using Maple To Obtain Analytic Expressions in Physical Chemistry. (CBB) December, 1491–1493. McGowan, Cynthia; Sendall, Patricia. Using the World Wide Web To Enhance Writing Assignments in Introductory Chemistry Courses. April, 391. Midden, W. Robert. Rounding Numbers: Why the “New System” Doesn’t Work. April, 405. Mitschele, Jonathan. Spreadsheet Grade Books. (LTE) February, 144. Moore, John W. Using a Living Textbook Effectively. (Editorial) October, 1149. Moseley, Charles G. Spreadsheet Grade Books. (LTE) February, 144. Olson, John A. An Analysis of the Algebraic Method for Balancing Chemical Reactions. May, 538–542. Ottewill, Geraldine A.; Walsh, Frank C. Consultancy in the Classroom: Using Industrial Chemistry in a Teaching Exercise. December, 1426–1430. Parker, Janice. VSEPR Theory Demo. (TD) July, 776. Peckham, Gavin D. Exponential Notation. January, 64–65. Pendarvis, Richard. The Traveling Electron. (AA) April, 396. Pendley, Bradford D. Keeping a Scientific Notebook: The Lego® Exercise. September, 1065. Perrin, Charles L. Reminder Sheets for Chemistry Examinations. October, 1180– 1181. Phelps, Amy J.; LaPorte, Mark M.; Mahood, Aileen. Portfolio Assessment in High School Chemistry: One Teacher’s Guidelines. May, 528–531.

Pope, Christopher G. X-Ray Diffraction and the Bragg Equation. January, 129–131. Ramette, Richard W. FactGAME. (JCE SOFT) March, 346–347. Ratliff, Judy L. Chemistry for the Visually Impaired. June, 710–711. Robinson, William R.; Tejchma, Joan F. A Window on the Solid State: Part I: Structures of Metals; Part II: Unit Cells of Metals; Part III: Structures of Ionic Solids; Part IV: Unit Cells of Ionic Solids. (JCE SOFT) September, 1143. Robinson, William R.; Tejchma, Joan F. A Window on the Solid State: Part I: Structures of Metals; Part II: Unit Cells of Metals; Part III: Structures of Ionic Solids; Part IV: Unit Cells of Ionic Solids. (JCE SOFT) October, 1245. Roesky, Herbert W. Chemistry “en miniature”. April, 399–400. Russell, Joel W.; Kozma, Robert B.; Jones, Tricia; Wykoff, Joann; Marx, Nancy; Davis, Joan. Use of Simultaneous-Synchronized Macroscopic, Microscopic, and Symbolic Representations To Enhance the Teaching and Learning of Chemical Concepts. March, 330– 334. Ryan, Dennis. Old MacDonald Named a Compound: Branched Enynenynols. July, 782– 783. Saiz, Enrique; Tarazona, M. Pilar. Molecular Dynamics and the Water Molecule: An Introduction to Molecular Dynamics for Physical Chemistry Students. November, 1350– 1354. Scharberg, Maureen A.; Cox, Oran E.; Barelli, Carl A. Creating and Using a Consumer Chemical Molecular Graphics Database: The “Molecule of the Day”—A Great Way To Begin Your Lecture. (CBB) July, 869–870. Schatz, Paul F.; Moore, John W.; Holmes, Jon L.; Kotz, John C. Periodic Table Live!: Illustrated Periodic Table Upgrade. April, 445– 447. Schultz, Emeric. Ionization or Dissociation? July, 868–869. Scudder, Paul H. Database vs. Expert System Teaching Paradigms: Using Organic Reaction Mechanisms To Teach Chemical Intuition. July, 777–781. Shusterman, Gwendolyn P.; Shusterman, Alan J. Teaching Chemistry with Electron Density Models. July, 771–776. Stein, Andreas. The Suggestion Box—An Old Idea Brings the “Real World” Back to Freshman Chemistry Students (and Professors). July, 788–790. Sugata, Setsuro; Abe, Yoshihiro. An Analogue Column Model for Nonlinear Isotherms: The Test Tube Model. April, 406–409. Suzuki, Chieko; Ihda, Sumiyo; Suzuki, Mayumi; Kurumi, Seiji. Experimental Methods To Demonstrate Two Sorts of Physicochemical Behavior with a Resin Tube. (TD) September, 1071–1073. Thoben, Dianne A.; Lowry, Thomas H. An Analogy To Assist Understanding of Splitting Patterns in NMR. (AA) January, 68. Thorson, Gail M. Journal of Chemical Education on CD-ROM, September–December 1996. (JCE SOFT) January, 128. Thorson, Gail M. Journal of Chemical Education on CD-ROM, 1997. (JCE SOFT) November, 1375–1376. Toby, Sidney. Chemistry in the Public Domain: A Plethora of Misinformation—or, Don’t Believe Everything You Read in the Newspapers! November, 1285–1287. Toong, Yock Chai; Wang, Shih Yung. An Example of a Human Topological Rubber Glove Act. April, 403–404. Vandeever, Walter R., IV; Mosher, Mel. The Blue Bottle Revisited. (TD) April, 402. Waldow, Dean A.; Fryhle, Craig B.; Bock, J. Chris. CIRRUS: A Chemistry Internet Resource for Research by Undergraduate Students. April, 441–442.

Wheeler, John C. Electron Affinities of the Alkaline Earth Metals and the Sign Convention for Electron Affinity. January, 123–127. Williams, Evan T. C&EN: A Good Resource for Student Papers. April, 389–390. Wynn, Charles M., Sr. Heat Flow vs. Cash Flow: A Banking Analogy. (AA) April, 397.

Teaching/Learning Theory/Practice Abraham, Michael R.; Craolice, Mark S.; Graves, A. Palmer; Aldhamash, Abdulwali H.; Kihega, Joann G.; Gil, Julieta G. Palma; Varghese, Valsamma. The Nature and State of General Chemistry Laboratory Courses Offered by Colleges and Universities in the United States. May, 591–594. Anselme, Jean-Pierre. Understanding Oxidation–Reduction in Organic Chemistry. January, 69–72. Ayas, Alipasa; Demirbas, Ayhan. Turkish Secondary Students’ Conceptions of Introductory Chemistry Concepts. May, 518–521. Bell, Jerry A. Who Will Prepare Tomorrow’s Science Teachers? How? (AAAS) January, 14. Bentsen, Ken. Filling the Void: Community Colleges Give Millions of Students the Chance To Succeed. (2YC3 ) July, 753. Bunce, Diane M.; Robinson, William R. Research in Chemical Education—the Third Branch of Our Profession. (CER) September, 1076–1079. Carlton, Terry S. Why and How To Teach Acid– Base Reactions without Equilibrium. August, 939–941. Clinton, Bill. Opening College Doors to All Americans: Excerpts from Remarks at San Jacinto Community College. (2YC3) December, 1392–1393. Cody, Jason A.; Hagerman, Michael E. Transforming Graduate Education: A New Vision of the Professoriate—The Preparing Future Faculty Program. May, 525–528. Coppola, Brian P.; Eg¯e, Seyhan N.; Lawton, Richard G. The University of Michigan Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum 2. Instructional Strategies and Assessment. January, 84–94. Craig, Arnold. Chemical Perspectives and Practice: A Chemistry Content Course for Prospective Teachers within the Framework of a State Systemic Initiative. (NSF) September, 1075. Crosby, G. A. The Necessary Role of Scientists in the Education of Elementary Teachers. March, 271–272. Davis, Scott A.; George, Arnold. Chemistry for Children: A Program in Precollege Chemistry for Elementary and Middle School Teachers. (CFK) January, 59–61. Dimitrov, Roumen Ivanov; Mateeva, Boyanka Tsankova. Some Prerequisites for Achieving Better Results in Teaching Chemical Technology at the University Level. August, 944– 945. Dobson, Geoffrey P. Reshaping the Teaching of Science: A Scientist’s Perspective. April, 453– 454. Dougherty, Ralph C. Grade/Performance Contracts, Enhanced Communication, Cooperative Learning and Student Performance in Undergraduate Organic Chemistry. June, 722–726. Drake, Bruce D.; Acosta, Gracia M.; Smith, Richard L., Jr. An Effective Technique for Reading Research Articles—The Japanese KENSHU Method. February, 186–188. Dunstan, Marie; Bassinger, Pat. An Innovative Model: Undergraduate Poster Sessions by Health Professional Majors as a Method for Communicating Chemistry in Context. September, 1067–1069. Eg¯e, Seyhan N.; Coppola, Brian P.; Lawton, Richard G. The University of Michigan Undergraduate Chemistry Curriculum 1. Philosophy, Curriculum, and the Nature of Change. January, 74–83.


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Subject Index • Volume 74 • 1997 Fountain, K. R. Meta Tasks for Organizing Prevenient Knowledge in Organic Chemistry. March, 354–360. Gunter, Mickey E.; Gammon, Steven D.; Kearney, Robert J.; Waller, Brenda E.; Oliver, David J. Development and Implementation of an Integrated Science Course for Elementary Education Majors. (NSF) February, 183. Johnstone, A. H. Chemistry Teaching—Science or Alchemy? 1996 Brasted Lecture. March, 262–268. Jones, Loretta L.; Buckler, Harry; Cooper, Nathaniel; Straushein, Belia. Preparing Preservice Chemistry Teachers for Constructivist Classrooms through Use of Authentic Activities. (NSF) July, 787–788. Kenkel, John. A University President’s Perspective on Recruitment, Retention, and Quality. (2YC 3) April, 377–378. Kogut, Leonard S. Using Cooperative Learning to Enhance Performance in General Chemistry. June, 720–722. Krieger, Carla R. Stoogiometry: A Cognitive Approach to Teaching Stoichiometry. (VIEW) March, 306–309. Maroto, Beatriz; Camusso, C.; Cividini, M. Evaluation of Learning Processes in an Organic Chemistry Course. October, 1233– 1234. Matthews, Fred J. Chemical Literature: A Course Composed of Traditional and Online Searching Techniques. (CII) August, 1011– 1014. May, Michael A.; Gupta, Vijay K. Electrochemistry “Discovery” Course for Undergraduates. July, 824–828. Moore, John W. Am I Doing the Right Thing? (Editorial) March, 253. Moore, John W. Making the Future Ours. (Editorial) December, 1381. O’Haver, Thomas C. Chemistry for Pre-Service Middle School Teachers. (NSF) May, 522. Olney, Dave. On Laboratory Work. (VIEW) November, 1343–1345. Ottewill, Geraldine A.; Walsh, Frank C. Consultancy in the Classroom: Using Industrial Chemistry in a Teaching Exercise. December, 1426–1430. Pendley, Bradford D. Keeping a Scientific Notebook: The Lego® Exercise. September, 1065. Phelps, Amy J.; LaPorte, Mark M.; Mahood, Aileen. Portfolio Assessment in High School Chemistry: One Teacher’s Guidelines. May, 528–531. Ramsey, Linda L.; Radford, David L.; Deese, William C. Experimenting with Interdisciplinary Science. (NSF) August, 946–947. Ricci, Robert W.; Van Doren, Jane M. Using Dynamic Simulation Software in the Physical Chemistry Laboratory. November, 1372– 1374. Rizzuto, Gaspard T.; Walters, Fred H. Cheating Probabilities on Multiple Choice Tests. October, 1185. Russell, Joel W.; Kozma, Robert B.; Jones, Tricia; Wykoff, Joann; Marx, Nancy; Davis, Joan. Use of Simultaneous-Synchronized Macroscopic, Microscopic, and Symbolic Representations To Enhance the Teaching and Learning of Chemical Concepts. March, 330– 334. Sanger, Michael J.; Greenbowe, Thomas J. Students’ Misconceptions in Electrochemistry: Current Flow in Electrolyte Solutions and the Salt Bridge. July, 819–823. Sarquis, A. M. The Work’s Not Over—Roll Up Your Sleeves and Make a Difference. January, 17. Sauder, Deborah; Towns, Marcy Hamby; Stout, Roland; Long, George; Zielinski, Theresa Julia. Physical Chemistry Students Explore Nonlinear Curve Fitting Online: An Experiment in Developing an Intercollegiate Learning Community. (CCD) March, 269–270.

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Schmidt, Michael H. Using “Household Chemistry Projects” To Develop Research Skills and To Teach Scientific Writing. April, 393– 395. Scudder, Paul H. Database vs. Expert System Teaching Paradigms: Using Organic Reaction Mechanisms To Teach Chemical Intuition. July, 777–781. Silverstein, Todd P.; Hudak, Norman J.; Chapple, Frances H.; Goodney, David E.; Brink, Christina P.; Whitehead, Joyce P. Scientific Communication and the Unified Laboratory Sequence. (CCD) February, 150– 152. Sisak, Mary E. Poster Sessions as a Learning Technique. September, 1065–1067. Smith, Henry M. A Federal Perspective on Community Colleges. (2YC3) November, 1264. Tsaparlis, Georgios. Atomic and Molecular Structure in Chemical Education: A Critical Analysis from Various Perspectives of Science Education. August, 922–925. Zeegers, Petrus. The Use of MO Calculations To Teach Students Some Concepts of Aromatic Substitution Reactions. March, 299– 301.

Tested Demonstrations Cortel, Adolf. Equilibrium with Fried Eggs of PbI2 and KPbI 3. (TD) March, 297. Driscoll, Jerry A. Acid Rain Demonstration: The Formation of Nitrogen Oxides as a By-Product of High-Temperature Flames in Connection with Internal Combustion Engines. (TD) December, 1424–1425. Gesser, H. D.; Ward, Ian. The Disappearing Liquid. (TD) November, 1357. Hermann, Christine K. F. The Shrinking Dollar Bill. (TD) November, 1357. Hughes, Elvin, Jr.; Holmes, L. H., Jr. Using Lasers To Demonstrate Refraction, Diffraction, and Dispersion. (TD) March, 298. Matsuyama, Yukinori; Yasuoka, Takashi; Mitsuzawa, Syunmei; Sasaki, Tunetaka. Observation of Magnetic Repulsion Acting on Nitrogen Bubble on Water Surface—A Simple Experiment of Studying Diamagnetic Property of Nitrogen. (TD) August, 943. Parker, Janice. VSEPR Theory Demo. (TD) July, 776. Proksa, Miroslav. The Sodium Rainbow. (TD) August, 942. Suzuki, Chieko; Ihda, Sumiyo; Suzuki, Mayumi; Kurumi, Seiji. Experimental Methods To Demonstrate Two Sorts of Physicochemical Behavior with a Resin Tube. (TD) September, 1071–1073. Taylor, Larry C. Burning Phosphorus under Water Safely. (TD) September, 1074. Vandeever, Walter R., IV; Mosher, Mel. The Blue Bottle Revisited. (TD) April, 402.

Textbooks Gillespie, Ronald J. Reforming the General Chemistry Textbook. May, 484. Hawkes, Stephen J. What Is a “Heavy Metal”? November, 1374. Moody, Anne E.; Foster, Kimberly A. The Organic Lab: A Status Quo Report and a TwoSemesters-in-One Approach. May, 587–591. Pope, Christopher G. X-Ray Diffraction and the Bragg Equation. January, 129–131. Schultz, Emeric. Ionization or Dissociation? July, 868–869. Wheeler, John C. Electron Affinities of the Alkaline Earth Metals and the Sign Convention for Electron Affinity. January, 123–127.

Theoretical Chemistry Bacskay, George B.; Reimers, Jeffrey R.; Nordholm, Sture. The Mechanism of Covalent Bonding. December, 1494–1502.


Berry, Stephan. “Biochemical Predestination” as Heuristic Principle for Understanding the Origin of Life. August, 950–951. Chiriac, Veronica; Balea, Gabriel. Buffer Index and Buffer Capacity for a Simple Buffer Solution. August, 937–939. Hansen, John C.; Kouri, Donald J.; Hoffman, David K. A Spreadsheet Template for Quantum Mechanical Wavepacket Propagation. (TECH) March, 335–342. Knudson, Stephen K. Applications of the Variation Method. August, 930–934. McNaught, Ian J. Reducible Representations for Linear Molecules. July, 809–811. McNaught, Ian J. More then One Character Table? Yes! July, 811–812. Reed, B. Cameron. Variational Treatment of Attractive Central Power-Law Potentials. August, 935–936. Rioux, Frank. Numerical Methods for Finding Momentum Space Distributions. May, 605– 606.

Thermodynamics Battino, Rubin; Wood, Scott E. An Exceptional Theoretical Process. (LTE) March, 256. Battino, Rubin; Strong, Laurence E.; Wood, Scott E. A Brief History of Thermodynamics Notation. March, 304–305. Battino, Rubin. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1996, 73, 408. (Corrections) July, 761. Belandria, José Iraides. Response to Letters to the Editor about “An Exceptional Theoretical Process”. (LTE) March, 286–290. Bindel, Thomas H.; Fochi, John C. Guided Discovery: Law of Specific Heats. (F&R) August, 955–958. Cooley, James H.; Williams, Richard Vaughan. endo- and exo-Stereochemistry in the Diels– Alder Reaction: Kinetic versus Thermodynamic Control. May, 582–585. Freeman, Robert D. An Exceptional Theoretical Process. (LTE) March, 281–282. Freeman, Robert D. Collective Reply to Belandria’s Response to Letters to the Editor about “An Exceptional Theoretical Process”. (LTE) March, 290–292. Kennedy, A. P., Sr. Determination of Enthalpy of Vaporization Using a Microwave Oven. October, 1231–1232. Lambert, Frank L. Why Don’t Things Go Wrong More Often? Activation Energies: Maxwell’s Angels, Obstacles to Murphy’s Law. August, 947–948. Logan, S. R. Free Energy. (LTE) January, 22. Mitschele, Jonathan. Elasticity To Measure Thermodynamic Properties. (LTE) April, 368. Muyskens, Mark A. An Integrated-Circuit Temperature Sensor for Calorimetry and Differential Temperature Measurement. July, 850– 853. Nash, Leonard K. An Exceptional Theoretical Process. (LTE) March, 282. Nordholm, Sture. In Defense of Thermodynamics—An Animate Analogy. March, 273–275. Olivares, Wilmer; Colmenares, Pedro J. An Exceptional Theoretical Process. (LTE) March, 282–285. Ponomarev, D. A.; Takhistov, V. V. What Are Isodesmic Reactions? February, 201–203. Riley, Scott A.; Franklin, Nathan R.; Oudinarath, Bobbie; Wong, Sally; Congalton, David; Nishimura, A. M. Measurement of Evaporation Rates of Organic Liquids by Optical Interference. November, 1320–1322. Siders, Paul. Calorimetric Determination of Aqueous Ion Enthalpies. February, 235–236. Smith, Norman O. The Gibbs Energy Basis and Construction of Melting Point Diagrams in Binary Systems. September, 1080–1084. Thompson, Robert Q. The Thermodynamics of Drunk Driving. May, 532–536. Treptow, Richard S. Free Energy. (LTE) January, 22.

Volume 74 • 1997 • Subject Index Treptow, Richard S. Determination of ∆H for Reactions of the Born–Haber Cycle. August, 919–922. Tykodi, R. J. An Exceptional Theoretical Process. (LTE) March, 286. Wisniak, Jaime. Discharge of Vessels: Thermodynamics Analysis. March, 301–303. Wisniak, Jaime. Phase Separation in Binary Systems: The Possibility of Gas–Gas Equilibrium at Subcritical Conditions. May, 546– 548. Wynn, Charles M., Sr. Heat Flow vs. Cash Flow: A Banking Analogy. (AA) April, 397.

Time-Dependent Reactions Nóbrega, Joaquim A.; Rocha, Fábio R. P. Ionic Strength Effect on the Rate of Reduction of Hexacyanoferrate(III) by Ascorbic Acid: A Flow Injection Kinetic Experiment. May, 560–562. Pavlis, Robert R. Kinetics without Steady State Approximations. (CBB) September, 1139– 1140. Poon, Thomas; Mundy, Bradford P.; McIntyre, Jean; Woods, Lesley; Favaloro, Frank G., Jr.; Goudreau, Christina A. Kinetic vs. Thermodynamic Control in the Dehydration of 2Methylcyclopentanol: A Two-Part Laboratory Experiment Utilizing the Grignard Reaction and GC-MS. October, 1218–1219. Ramachandran, B. R.; Halpern, Arthur M. A Novel Experiment in Chemical Kinetics: The B → C Reaction System. August, 975– A 978.

Titrimetry Flowers, Paul A. Potentiometric Measurement of Transition Ranges and Titration Errors for Acid/Base Indicators. July, 846–847. Glaister, P. Titration Cure Analysis: Some Observations. (LTE) July, 760–761. Novick, S. G. Complexometric Titration of Zinc: An Analytical Chemistry Laboratory Experiment. December, 1463. Ritter, David; Johnson, Michael. Virtual Titrator: A Student-Oriented Instrument. January, 120–123. Riyazuddin, P.; Devika, D. Potentiometric Acid– Base Titrations with Activated Graphite Electrodes. October, 1198–1199. Yarger, J. L.; Nieman, R. A.; Bieber, A. L. NMR Titration Used to Observe Specific Proton Dissociation in Polyprotic Tripeptides: An Undergraduate Biochemistry Lab. February, 243–246.

Topics in Chemical Instrumentation Muddiman, David C.; Bakhtiar, Ray; Hofstadler, Steven A.; Smith, Richard D. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry: Instrumentation and Applications. (TICI) November, 1288–1292. Shiowatana, Juwadee. Demonstrating Characteristics of of a Spectrophotometer’s Components. (TICI) June, 730–731.

Undergraduate Research Archer, Ronald D.; Wood, John S.; Cook, Michael J.; Lamet, Maryelise S. UEA/UMass Interchange Program, 1978 to Date. (ECSA) May, 486–488. Dunn, Jeffrey G.; Phillips, David N.; van Bronswijk, Wilhelm. Introducing Third-Year Chemistry Students to the Planning and Design of an Experimental Program. October, 1186–1187. Haddad, Marché R. Engineering Students Abroad. (ECSA) July, 757–759. Halstead, Judith A. An Investment in Tomorrow: Undergraduate Research Students Meet Members of Congress. (CUR) August, 892–893. Halstead, Judith A. What Is Undergraduate Research? (CUR) December, 1390–1391.

Jones, Colleen M. An Introduction to Research in Protein Folding for Undergraduates. (CIB) November, 1306–1310. Kharas, Gregory B. A New Investigative Sophomore Organic Laboratory Involving Individual Research Projects. July, 829–831. Koch, Andrew S.; Koch, Heinz F.; Lodder, Gerrit. An International Collaborative Undergraduate Research Program between Ithaca College and Leiden University. (ECSA) October, 1158–1159. Kogut, Leonard S. Using Cooperative Learning to Enhance Performance in General Chemistry. June, 720–722. Tierney, John; Peacock, Lori; Sorkin, Erica; Ware, Susan. The pH of Sweat of Horses: A Student-Devised Study by Science and Health Science Majors. September, 1135– 1137. Tierney, John; Peacock, Lori; Sorkin, Erica; Ware, Susan. Correction to J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 1135. (Corrections) November, 1256. Waldow, Dean A.; Fryhle, Craig B.; Bock, J. Chris. CIRRUS: A Chemistry Internet Resource for Research by Undergraduate Students. April, 441–442.

UV-Vis Spectroscopy Allen, Heather C.; Brauers, Theo; FinlaysonPitts, Barbara J. Illustration of Deviations in the Beer–Lambert Law in an Instrumental Analysis Laboratory: Measuring Atmospheric Pollutants by Differential Optical Absorption Spectrometry. December, 1459– 1462. Anderson, Bruce D. Alternative Compounds for the Particle in a Box Experiment. August, 985. Babaei, Ali; Connor, Paul A.; McQuillan, A. James; Umapathy, Siva. UV-Visible Spectroelectrochemistry of the Reduction Products of Anthraquinone in Dimethylformamide Solutions: An Advanced Undergraduate Experiment. October, 1200–1204. Bylkas, Sheri A.; Andersson, Laura A. Microburger Biochemistry: Extraction and Spectral Characterization of Myoglobin from Hamburger. April, 426–430. Charles, Melissa J.; Martin, Nea W.; Msimanga, Huggins Z. Simultaneous Determination of Aspirin, Salicylamide, and Caffeine in Pain Relievers by Target Factor Analysis. September, 1114–1117. Dominguez, Ana; Fernández, Aurora; González, Noemí; Iglesias, Emilia; Montenegro, Luis. Determination of Critical Micelle Concentration of Some Surfactants by Three Techniques. October, 1227–1231. El Seoud, Omar A.; Bazito, Reinaldo C.; Sumodjo, Paulo T. Kinetic Solvent Isotope Effect: A Simple, Multipurpose Physical Chemistry Experiment. May, 562–565. Gouterman, Martin. Oxygen Quenching of Luminescence of Pressure Sensitive Paint for Wind Tunnel Research. (SYM) June, 697– 702. Hernàndez-Borrell, Jordi; Montero, M. Teresa. Calculating Microspecies Concentration of Zwitterion Amphoteric Compounds: Ciprofloxacin as Example. November, 1311– 1314. Leenson, I. A. Identification of Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Alcohols: An Experiment in Spectrophotometry, Organic Chemistry, and Analytical Chemistry. April, 424–425. Maestri, Mauro; Ballardini, Roberto; Pina, Fernando; Melo, Maria João. An Easy and Inexpensive Flash Spectroscopy Experiment. November, 1314–1316. Nóbrega, Joaquim A.; Rocha, Fábio R. P. Ionic Strength Effect on the Rate of Reduction of Hexacyanoferrate(III) by Ascorbic Acid: A Flow Injection Kinetic Experiment. May, 560–562.

Shalhoub, George M. Visible Spectra Conjugated Dyes: Integrating Quantum Chemical Concepts with Experimental Data. November, 1317–1319. Shiowatana, Juwadee. Demonstrating Characteristics of a Spectrophotometer’s Components. (TICI) June, 730–731. Siegrist, Eleanor; Anderson, Guy. Analysis of Mouthwash. (F&R) May, 567–568. Walters, Christina; Keeney, Allen; Wigal, Carl T.; Johnston, Cynthia R.; Cornelius, Richard D. The Spectrophotometric Analysis and Modeling of Sunscreens. January, 99–102.

View from My Classroom Krieger, Carla R. Stoogiometry: A Cognitive Approach to Teaching Stoichiometry. (VIEW) March, 306–309. Olney, Dave. On Laboratory Work. (VIEW) November, 1343–1345. Randall, Jack. Integrating High School Chemistry with Environmental Studies and Research. (VIEW) December, 1409–1411.

Water/Water Chemistry Driscoll, Jerry A. Acid Rain Demonstration: The Formation of Nitrogen Oxides as a By-Product of High-Temperature Flames in Connection with Internal Combustion Engines. (TD) December, 1424–1425. Herrera-Melián, José Alberto; Doña-Rodríguez, José Miguel; Hernández-Brito, Joaquín; Peña, Jesús Pérez. Voltammetric Determination of Ni and Co in Water Samples. December, 1444–1445. Juhl, Lorie; Yearsley, Kaye; Silva, Andrew J. Interdisciplinary Project-Based Learning through an Environmental Water Quality Study. December, 1431–1433. Randall, Jack. Integrating High School Chemistry with Environmental Studies and Research. (VIEW) December, 1409–1411.

Waters Symposia Frant, Martin S. Where Did Ion Selective Electrodes Come From? The Story of Their Development and Commercialization. (Waters Symposium) February, 159–166. Karger, Barry L. HPLC: Early and Recent Perspectives. (Waters Symposium) January, 45– 48. Light, Truman S. Industrial Use and Applications of Ion Selective Electrodes. (Waters Symposium) February, 171–177. Ruzicka, Jaromir. The Seventies—Golden Age for Ion Selective Electrodes. (Waters Symposium) February, 167–170. Snyder, Lloyd R. Modern Practice of Liquid Chromatography: Before and after 1971. (Waters Symposium) January, 37–44. Young, C. C. Evolution of Blood Chemistry Analyzers Based on Ion Selective Electrodes. (Waters Symposium) February, 177–182.

Writing in Chemistry Comeford, Lorrie. Writing Assignments in Physical Chemistry. April, 392. McGowan, Cynthia; Sendall, Patricia. Using the World Wide Web To Enhance Writing Assignments in Introductory Chemistry Courses. April, 391. Rossi, Francis M. Writing in an Advanced Undergraduate Chemistry Course: An Assignment Exploring the Development of Scientific Ideas. April, 395–396. Schmidt, Michael H. Using “Household Chemistry Projects” To Develop Research Skills and To Teach Scientific Writing. April, 393– 395. Williams, Evan T. C&EN: A Good Resource for Student Papers. April, 389–390.


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