nnalytical laboratories, and reference libraries will be amply repaid by acquiring possession of this splendid work. The authors are to be congratulated in the completion of a difficult and laborious task artfully done. G . ??XEDBKICK SMITE U ~ V B R S Ior. T YILLINOLS
THE C ~ E M I ~ T oa R YTHE COLLOIDAL STATE. John C. Ware, Sc.M.. Ph.D., consulting chemist; formerly Associate Prafessor of Chemistry in New York University. Second edition. 334 John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York City, 1936. xvi pp. 96 figs. 15 X 23 cm. $3.75.
+
This is essentially a textbook for an introductory course in colloidal chemistry, the st edition of which appeared in 1930. DISTILLATION. Joseph Redly, Professor of Chemistry, National "Many practical applications of the colloidal state have been University of Ireland. Foreword by Sydney Young. The interwoven with the theoretical material." Chemical Publishing Company of New York, Inc.. New York The scope of the book and its order of treatment may be judged City, 1936. viii f 118 pp. 41 6gs. 10.5 X 18.8 cm. $1.25. from the chapter headings: The Units of the Colloidal Solution; The Chemical Publishing Company of New York, Inc., is Sedimentation; Interfacial Phenomena (Nou-Electrical); Adexclusive agent in North and South America for this interesting sorption; Turbidity in Colloidal Suspensions: Colloidal Suspenbook on the various methods of distillation. The first chapter sions and Color; Motion in Colloidal Suspensions; The Electrical contains a good review of the mathematics of distillation. The Character of Interfacial Phenomena; The Preparation of second chapter deals with fractionating columns, and the succeed- Substances in the Colloidal State; The Precipitation of Subing two chapters describe methods for the production of low stances in the Colloidal State: Stabilization or Protection of pressures and for carrying out vacuum fractionations. The other the Colloidal State; Water in Combination. Viscosity and subjects treated are the distillation of azeotropic mixtures, steam Plasticity of Colloidal Suspensions; Emulsions; Gels; Silica distillations, destructive distillation, and sublimation. The Gel and Its Use in Adsorption; Intermediate Cases. Soaps; material is largely taken from recent articles in English and Amer- and Catalysis by Contact. No new illustrations have been ican publications. The treatment is direct and well planned added. throughout but the chapters and fractionating columns and The order of presentation is the same as that in the first vacuum fractionations deserve special mention. The material edition but "the space given t o adsorption has been doubled, covered makes this small book well worth while for those in- and the subject now m u p i e s an entire chapter. A section on terested in the theory as well as the practice of distillation. I t electrokinetic potential has been added t o the chapter on the should be of interest to the teacher of physical 61 organic chem- electrical cbsracter of interfacial phenomena. The chapter on istry and of value t o the student in the laboratoj. the precipitation of colloids has been revised and extended to ARIHW A. VERNON include the recently developed material on the subject. A new R ~ O I D s~r ~ m Srnre Com.*oa chapter has been added on intermediate cases and soaps." KINOSTON,R a o m ISLAND To write an elementary textbook on so vast a subject is no small task and naturally there will be di5erences of opinion both INDUSTRWL CHEMICAL CALCULATIONS.0.A. Howgen, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Chemical Engineering, University of as to content and as to order of treatment. The reviewer would Wisconsin, and K. M. Watson. Ph.D., Chemical Engineer, prefer t o discuss the classical work of Thomas Graham and Universal Oil Products Co.. Chicago. Second edition. John dialysis near the beginning, instead of near the middle of the 487 pp. book (page 131). Wiley & Sons. Inc.. New York City, 1936. ix On page 68 the statement is made that "in adsorption, if the 98 figs. 16 X 23 cm. $4.50 net. This timely book setting forth "the application of physico- process is allowed t o continue for twenty minutes i t may be chemical principles and data to problems of industry" should assumed to be complete." This is not always true. On page 72 the interesting statement is made that "during the become popular in both educational institutions and industrial establishments. There are fourteen chapters and an appendix, World War, a gas-mask charcoal was found that had an exceptional adsorbing ratio. Elaborate experiments were performed as well as author and subject indexes. are Weights and Compositions; Stoi- with samples of charcoal in which the porosity, type of pores, The chapter headchiometry; Ideal Behavior of Gases; Vaporization and Con- and all other features seemed t o be perfectly duplicated and yet densation; Thermopbysics; Thermoehemistry a t Standard the adsorbing power did not equal that of the original. It was Conditions; Thermocbemistry of Industrial Reactions and Auels; finally discovered that the material from which the gas-mask Weight and Heat Balances of Combustion Processes; Weight charcoal had been made had been soaked in a certain chemical and Heat Balances of Chemical and Metallurgical Processes; before the charring process, and the presence of the chemical in Crystallization, Adsorption, and Distribution; Compressibility the resultingcharcoal gave it the gre8t efficiency." Unfortunately, of Gases; Entropy and Free Energy; Fugacity and Thermal the name of the "chemical" is not given. On page 106 the author mentions that "the value of nepheProperties a t High Pressures; Chemical Equilibria. I n the period of five years since the appearance of the 6rst lometer [nephelometry] in research work and in the more general edition [see J. CHEX. Eouc., 9, 605 (1932)l the authors have analytical operations is becoming increasingly important. T. W. recognized the necessity of amplied and, in many instances, Richards and others have used the method with great success." changed approaches to chemical engeering principles. "The Actually. Richards (1894 to 1905) used :be nephelometer simply Thermodynamic approach to problems involving nou-ideal as a means of making small corrections iq certain atomic weight conditions has been advanced. . . This has b d t o the introduc- determinstions and not as an analytical method. I t was not tion. . of concepts of entropy, free energy, fugacity, and activity until 1912 that Kober, and independently Bloor (1913), showed . . ." Thermodynamic methods have been substituted for the that nephelometry could be made sufficiently accurate for kinetietheory treatment of equilibrium principles. bringing quantitative analyses. I n addition to the summary a t the end of each chapter, a about "a complete reorganization of the text." The chapter on brief list af selected references far further reading would have Weights and Compositions is new. Study and use of the text is made attractive through the plan been helpful, especially for the more advanced students. Most of the errors, typographid and otherwise, in the k t of having each chapter somewhat more complex than the preceding ones; also by grouping in Part I such matters as may be edition have been eliminated. The printing and binding are treated by algebraic methods, and in Part I1 so-called "new-ideal excellent and the frontispiece, in colors, illusbating several phenomena of the colloidal state (gold sols, Liesegang's rings, cases" subject matter which require the use of the calculus. The numerous graphs are clear and of suthcieut size to make etc.), adds t o the attractiveness of the book. As an introductory them of eenuine service. Tmomanhic .. . and other errors are few. textbook, the new edition will be welcomed by teachers of colloid chemistry. if any. '?he publishers have done their job well also. JOHN H. YOE Fnmm E. CLARK UXBANA, I'LXNOIS
+
.
.
-
W r s i VIRT.TA~A UNIVBPSITY Alono*.vroi~.r.W. va.
UNIVBRSITY OP VIBOINIA UNIVBRSXTY, VIRrXNL*
