edited by DOUGLASD. SMITH Guilford High Schooi
Research: Class Size and Achievement Smith and Glass ( 1 , 2 )integrated 80 research studies into a common unit that showed 1. As class size increases, student achievement decreases. 2. As class size decreases, a. teacher morale increases and concern for students in-
creases. b. student self-concept, interest in school, and participation in
class increases. An important uart of their research model was the use of a l~,:arirhn>ic,rather than linwr, .;r:~leto r ~ l . ~ t c . r l.;im : ~ ~,111d i \,ariahle,. I'arr ui thv rt;lwnlnr wi,> tlii~ttht :nfwt m .I >tudent ror r c a hcr, I+ grtwtcr u,l1~11 tlw ~4.1.; w e is increased t'rum unr l u t a u th:m W ~ E I :tI i n incredsed irlm ;(I! 10 31. Two other aspects of the study should be mentioned. The largest attitudinal effect was with the teachers. ". . .teachers feel better and feel they perform better in smaller classes (2, p. 4281.'' The second point is that a student who has been taueht individuallv. and who scored in the 63rd aercentile on a national standardized test, would be expected score a t the 37th ~ercentileon the same test if he had been in a class of 20. A &dent in a class of 20 gains 10 percentile points advantage over his counterpart in a class of 40.
tb
and hydrogen bonding. (c) The physical beating of egg whites is &ful in straightening out protein strands (denaturing). Before assigning the article to high school students be sure they understand bond types, or they will not get maximum benefit from their reading. Literature Cited ( I ) Walker, Jesrl,Sci~ntiFcAmer.,244,6,p. 194,l1981).
Ion Migration Burgess ( I ) has worked out a 10-min procedure for showing the migration of ions without using gelatin or agar. The procedure is (a) Cautiously add 1rnl of concentrated HzSOato about 20 rnl of 3 M ammonium hydroxide solution. (hi . , Thorouehlv moisten a 10 X 6 cm oiece of filter or chromatoe" a
Literature Cited (11 Glass, G. V, and Smith,M. L.,EduratianolEuoluotiunondPolicyAnalysis, 1,2-16, (19791. (2) Smith, MaryLee and Class, Gene V., American EducatinnolRrreoich Journal, 17,4, (19801.
Lemon Meringue Pie Jearl Walker ( I ) has produced more interesting reading for the teacher who likes to include in hisher presentations the chemistry of common phenomena. As a consumer of lemon meringue pie, I enjoyed the insights in this article into what
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could cause the difference between various meringue samples' Lecture examples can he found where
Journal of Chemical Education
raphy paper with the solution. (c) Using crocodile clips, attach leads from a 2 0 ~ VDC source ta the moistened paper. Don't turn on the current yet. (d) Place slightly damp copper dichromate in a thin line from one electrode to the other. (e) Turn on the electricity. (f) Within 10rnin a yellow color should be seen moving toward the anode and the blue color toward the cathode (chromate and copper ions?). Literature Cited (1) Burgess.B. J., TheSchml S c ~ m c e R m i e w 62 , 12211, p717, (19811.
