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POWERFUL REDUCING AGENTS Callery Amine Boranes are more powerful than most commercial reducers. And their broad range of reducing action means you can find one to solve your problem. Amine Boranes can be used in acid or alkali... water, alcohol or common organic solvents. Useful in metal reduction, hydroboration, selective organic reductions. Write for information to Callery Chemical Company, Callery, Pa. 16024. Telephone (412) 538-3510.
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Italy tripling acrylonitrile capacity Acrylonitrile is on the move in Italy. In the next two years, producers there will bring in facilities that will almost triple the country's present capacity of 105 million pounds per year. There is little threat of overcapacity, however. The additional monomer will provide precious little cushion if acrylic fibers continue to grow at the rate they have posted since 1960, when output was 2 million pounds. This year, acrylic fiber output in Italy will reach an estimated 70 million pounds, about half of it for export. Acrylic fibers account for about 85% of the acrylonitrile consumed in Italy. Montecatini Edison is the biggest of the two current Italian acrylonitrile producers. It is building a 150 million pound-per-year plant at Priolo scheduled to start up in 1968. Montecatini Edison will switch to the propyleneammonia route in its new unit, which will use an Edison-developed catalyst (C&EN, Aug. 15, page 43). Montecatini Edison's existing 70 million pound-per-year unit at Porto Marghera is based on a process licensed from Farbenfabriken Bayer. Acetylene and HCN are the starting materials. The company uses nearly all of its output captively. Acrilsarda, S.p.A., is the other current producer of acrylonitrile in Italy. At its plant in Cagliari, Sardinia, the firm can produce 35 million pounds per year, but plans to expand. Acrilsarda, owned 70% by Rumianca and 30% by Societa Italiana Resine (SIR), has licensed Sohio's propylene-ammonia process. The two existing producers may soon be joined by Ente Nazionale Idrocarburi (ENI), the state-owned petroleum company. ENI's chemical arm, ANIC, plans a 44 million poundper-year acrylonitrile plant at Gela. Startup is set for 1967. The plant will use an acrylonitrile process developed by SNAM, ENFs construction and research subsidiary. Starting materials are propylene and ammonia. ENI controls 66.4% of the voting stock of ANIC; the rest is publicly held. These expansions fit precisely with the acrylic fiber boom in Italy. Applicazioni Chimiche, S.p.A., (ACSA), will soak up part of Montecatini Edison's increased acrylonitrile output. The firm is increasing its acrylic fiber capacity from 53 to 77 million pounds per year in 1967 at Porto Marghera. ACSA, owned 60% by Montecatini Edison and 40% by Monsanto, will also add continuous fibers to its staple and tow production at Porto Marghera. At present, all of Montecatini Edison's acrylic fiber interests center
Acrylic fiber output soars in Italy Production (millions of pounds)
10 0 *C&EN estimate Source: Italian National Association of Artificial and Synthetic Textile Fiber Producers
in ACSA. Montecatini Edison denies a trade press story to the effect that its wholly owned subsidiary Sincat will build an acrylic fiber plant at Priolo. The firm has a stake in cellulosics and nylons through its 75% ownership of Chatillon, but this fiber subsidiary doesn't make acrylics. The remaining 25% of Chatillon is owned by France's Rhone-Poulenc through its subsidiary Rhodiaceta. In a related development, Montecatini Edison may team up with ENI, Ente Minerario Siciliani (EMS), and other firms to build two textile plants at Licata, in Sicily. One would make acrylic yarns from tow shipped from ACSA, the other would weave the yarns into sweaters. SIR has earmarked part of Acrilsarda's acrylonitrile production as its own. The firm plans to form a company at Porto Torres to make 9 million pounds per year of acrylic staple, tow, and tuft in a new venture for maverick Nino Rovellfs firm. In addition, SIR plans to start making polyester staple, tow, and tuft at Porto Torres. Capacity for the polyester fiber will be 22 million pounds per year. Backward integration in acrylic fibers isn't limited to privately held firms. ANIC will also have access to captive acrylonitrile when the Gela unit comes on stream. The firm can make 17 million pounds per year of acrylics at Pisticci, but capacity is being increased to 26 million pounds per year in 1967. ANIC will add polyester fibers to its acrylic and polyamide lines by building a 26 million pound-per-year plant in 1967. To round out the list of acrylic fiber producers in Italy, Snia Viscosa can make about 30 million pounds per year at Cagliari. Snia plans to raise its capacity to 35 to 45 million pounds of acrylic fibers in 1968.
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NOV. 28, 1966 C&EN
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