as long as the extruder is working the bottles are being turned out. "A two-week inventory of 1.5-liter bottles can take up a surprisingly large amount of valuable space," Mr. Collins notes. In addition, the fact that the extruder and the mold are separate pieces of equipment means that a maker of containers can buy PVC tubes from a manufacturer elsewhere. Transporting a bundle of tubes from one location to another is much cheaper than shipping crates of empty containers. Licensed. The success of the Marrick equipment may be judged from the world-wide interest on the part of PVC makers. Marrick has already signed licensing agreements with the fabricating subsidiaries of the Solvay group in Belgium, France, West Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and Spain, and with Mitsubishi Plastics Industries, Ltd., in Japan. Discussions are under way with companies in the U.S., Argentina, Colombia, and Israel. Etablissements Chelle, an important bottle filler and cap maker in France, and Mitsubishi have also taken out licenses for making the machines. Under the terms of the licensing agreement, all the companies involved pool their development technology and know-how. Thus, if one company comes up with an improved PVC formulation it makes the information immediately available to the others concerned. Imperial Chemical Industries, itself the largest PVC maker in the U.K., bought a substantial interest in Marrick last December (C&EN, Jan. 25, page 5 8 ) . Other partners in the venture are the Staveley Group and the Metal Closures Group. Since food odors won't diffuse through PVC, and since it is compatible with a wide range of products, it is an ideal material for packaging foods such as coffee, edible oils, and sauces, as well as such household items as floor polishes, disinfectants, and detergents. Perhaps the biggest endorsement of the plastic is the fact that the French are now bottling their vin ordinaire in PVC containers. So far Marrick has concentrated its container efforts on PVC. The company is continuing development work on the possibility of using its machines for making containers from other plastics such as polypropylene and polycarbonate. Current economics, however, all favor PVC.
Machine Makes Polyethylene-Lined Crowns Developed by Stanley Chemical, machine uses polyethylene-based adhesive to form bond A direct-molding method for producing polyethylene-lined caps for beer and soft drink bottles has been developed by Stanley Chemical division of the Stanley Works. According to the East Berlin, Conn., company, the method makes such caps potentially cheaper than are conventional cork liners. One of the problems with polyethylene as crown lining material is that it is difficult to fix to the crown metal. Most major crown manufacturers in this country have tried to use polyethylene disks, but unsuccessfully. Crown Cork & Seal still uses the polyethylene disk approach in some of its foreign operations where the configuration of the bottle lip dictates its use. At one time the market for cap lining material was dominated by cork from Portugal and Spain. However, improvements in the technique of binding PVC plastic liners to caps has cut sharply into cork's dominance as the prime liner material. Crown Cork & Seal and Armstrong Cork estimate the portion of caps that now use some form of PVC plastic at between 30 and 3 5 % . How much further plastic will bite into cork's position is uncertain. A prime con-
sideration is cost—not of the plastic versus cork but of replacing the lining machines that use cork by machines that use plastic. The market for caps (crowns) for beer and soft drink bottles has been climbing steadily. In the early 1950's, the market ran about 309 million gross. In 1965, the U.S. Department of Commerce estimates, 336 million gross will be sold. The department further estimates that by 1970 about 364 million gross will be needed to satisfy the demand for returnable and nonreturnable bottles. About 50% of the crown manufacturers make their own machines. However, the major crown manufacturers also buy machines. For example, W. H. Hutchison & Sons have bought crown machines from Dewey & Almy division of W. R. Grace. This division also supplies a vinyl plastisol to make liners. Among the largest suppliers of crowns, besides Hutchison, are Crown Cork & Seal, Armstrong Cork, Bond Crown & Cork division of Continental Can, and Consolidated Cork Co. The types that these companies supply include a cork-lined crown, a plasticlined crown, and a cork-lined crown
ONE-STEP. The Stanley Mark II processes the polyethylene resin into the crown after the crown lacquer and a polyethylene-based adhesive have been applied. The machine will process bottle crowns at a minimum rate of 450 per minute FEB.
8, 196 5 C & E N
43
with an aluminum spot. The variety offered stems from the types of beverages that are bottled. Beer, for the most part, uses a plastic liner or a Gork liner with an aluminum spot. On extended storage, beer will remove tannins from cork, flattening the taste of the beer. Some soft drinks, club soda, and pale dry ginger ale, for example, are highly carbonated and require that the liner material be spotted cork or plastic. Molds Directly. In Stanley's system, a Mark II crown lining machine is designed to mold polyethylene resin directly into the interior surface of crowns. This combines the molding and assembly operations into a onestep process. The process consists of feeding polyethylene pellets from a hopper to an extruder where the pellets are melted and fed into the dispensing head of the lining section. The machine then deposits the hot plastic into the crown shells which have been preheated in an induction furnace. The crown liner configuration is then formed by water-cooled dies that mold the plastic and discharge the finished crowns. The operation is performed at a minimum rate of 450 crowns per minute. For domestic markets, Crown Cork & Seal uses cork, cork spotted with aluminum, and polyvinyl chloride. The PVC liners are baked before discharge from the machine to remove the plasticizer in the formulation. Because the price of the liner and crown is only slightly lowered by the use of polyethylene, Crown does not believe there is a real need to change from its present position with PVC. Dewey & Almy systems use a vinyl plastisol which is injected into a rotating crown. Thus, a forming die isn't needed, D&A says. The plastisol is cured in an oven before discharge from the machine. Stanley uses a lacquer to coat the crown material and follows with a polyethylene-based adhesive to get the adhesion of polyethylene resin to the crown. The company says that it developed both the lacquer and the adhesive specifically for this purpose. The Mark II crown lining machine has been patented (U.S. 3,135,019). Stanley bought the patent rights to the process for using polyethylene as crown liner material and then modified the technique. The company plans to lease the machine and the technique, with two years the minimum on a monthly rental basis. 44
C&EN
FEB.
8,
1965
Two Laser Beams Are Locked in Phase The beams from two lasers combine and interfere with each other, causing the circular rings on this screen. To obtain such interference rings, the two beams must be at the same frequency and have a constant phase difference. Prior to this, interference patterns such as these could be obtained only by using beams derived from the same source. Dr. John Rodda (left) and Dr. Louis Enloe, of Bell Telephone Laboratories, locked the light beams from two lasers together in phase by a feedback loop that holds the phase difference between the waves generated to within a third of a degree. In experimental light communications systems one laser would be on the transmitting end and would be tracked by a second laser some distance away at the receiving end. According to Bell Labs, this opens up a new area in optical communications research.
BRIEFS Greater
velop commercial standards for ventilating ducts, tanks, and pipe. use
of
reinforced
plastics
for chemical process equipment and auxiliaries may be ahead if the chemical industry gives the American Standards Association the green light at the general meeting of the association next month. The meeting has been requested by the Manufacturing Chemists' Association to consider what standards are needed for use of reinforced plastics in process equipment. The project, if recommended to ASA by the general conference, would be handled under the jurisdiction of the fluid and bulk processing equipment standards board of ASA. The project would draw on the work of the American Society for Testing and Materials on standards for raw materials, laminated construction, and test methods for determining chemical resistance and mechanical properties. It would also supplement the efforts of the Society of the Plastics Industry to de-
Metallic filaments of stainless steel, nickel-based alloys, and refractory metals are being made by Brunswick Corp. (Chicago, 111.). Refractory metals such as niobium and tantalum are also used. The company will not disclose the technology involved, but says that it is making filaments on a laboratory scale that retain all the characteristics of the metal. For example, Brunswick's 12-micron stainless steel filament has an ultimate tensile strength of 110,000 p.s.i. (annealed) to 275,000 p.s.i. (hard). The company says that it can make metallic filaments down to 1 micron in diameter. High-temperature filtration of fluids, reinforcing metals and plastics, and blending with natural or synthetic fibers are some of the applications for the metallic filaments cited by the company. C 30
Both white oils "on spec"-but only one processes right (Here's where Humble's experience can help you) In today's critical new processes, just meeting white oil specifications does not always insure processability. Here's where you need Humble's experience and tech nical resources. Chances are the Humble Representa tive can iron out your difficulty. And if not, he has the world's leading petroleum research organization to back him up. We've helped industry pioneer the use of white oils in everything from polyolefin reactions
HUMBLE OIL & REFINING COMPANY
and use as plastic mold release agents to the manu facture of high-energy rocket propellants. Call us when ever you have a white oil problem. Better yet, get acquainted with Humble White Oils in the many useful grades of BAYOL®, PRIMOL® and MARCOL® now. Call our local Sales Representative or write to our Industrial Sales Department in Houston, Texas.
.AMERICA'S LEADING ENERGY COMPANY. . .FIRST IN RESOURCES / FIRST IN CAPABILITY
£ssq C & ΕΝ
45
C H E M I C A L * POWER/ helping you meet the challenge of marketing change through research . . . truly applied in lubricants
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WANT TO MANUFACTURE LUBRICANTS durable enough for automatic transmissions
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SWIFT'S SPERM OIL is the starting point in the manufacture of lubricants that can be durable enough for automatic transmissions, yet delicate enough for watches. The primary reason is its superb lubricity. But there are others! As a base for automatic transmission fluid for which it is usually su/furized or chforosulfonated, Swift's Sperm Oil is less susceptible to temperature than a/most any other oil. It also displays excellent resistance to oxidation and age. At the other end of the lubrication spectrum, Swift's Sperm Oil is used for lubricating watches because of
its low constant viscosity. Additionally, it exhibits exceptional metal-wetting, penetrating, and rust preventative qualities. Swift's Sperm Oil is insoluble in water and alcohols, but soluble in petroleum oils and most organic solvents. It also sulfonates very well. When so treated, it can be blended with mineral oil for good, extreme pressure characteristics. Swift manufactures many other lubricants (see list at right). For help with your lubrication problem, see your Swift Specialist. Or write direct
Guide Prepared for Analysis Of Pesticide Residues
Other Lubricants in the Long Line from Swift VERSATILE ESTERS . . . Swift's ESTREX. . . methyl, butyl, propyl esters of animal and vegetable fatty acids. Also glyceryl, polyethylene glycol esters. Find uses in metalworking, cosmetics, rubber products, textile finishes . . . many areas. METALLIC SOAPS . . . Swift's Flexichem products . . . calcium stéarate, zinc stéarate, sodium stéarate, potassium stéarate, and other specialty products are used in a range of applications from cosmetics to impact extrusion. DEPENDABLE SOAPS . . . timeproven lubricants from the industry's widest line of industrial soaps with applications too numerous to list. TRULY M U L T I P U R P O S E OIL . . . Swift's LAREX. . . mixture of refined animal oils (basically soft triglycerides). Its many uses include lubricating, cutting, and metal processing oils, textile oils, metal and clay mold releases. Can be sulfonated. . . . a f e w more of t h e m a n y w a y s S w i f t can help you meet t h e challenge of m a r k e t i n g change through "Chemical Power" 11B5
m SWIFT & COMPANY Chemicals for Industry Department 115 WEST JACKSON BLVD. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60604 In Canada: Swift Canadian Co., Limited Guelph, Ontario
A working manual called "Guide to the Analysis of Pesticide Residues" has been prepared by Southwest Research Institute, of San Antonio, Tex. The guide is the result of a study made by Dr. H. P. Burchfield and Dr. D. E. Johnson of the institute's department of physical and biological sciences. The study concerned the best procedures for performing such analyses. The U.S. Public Health Service sponsored the study, and a PHS committee has reviewed the manual. According to SRI, the manual will be made available soon to state departments of health and to other agencies interested in the pesticide residue problem. Analytical procedures are included for most of the chemicals generally used as commercial pesticides—chlorinated hydrocarbons, organic phosphates, and phenoxyalkanoic acidbased herbicides. SRI says that four criteria were used in the research studies. These include reliability, universality, sensitivity, and simplicity.
NEW CHEMICALS Cyclopentadienyliron dicarbonyl dimer is now available in limited production quantities from Alfa Inorganics, Inc., of Beverly, Mass. The chemical is highly reactive and has been studied as a polymerization catalyst, the company says. It has also been found to be an efficient combustion catalyst and antiknock agent. C 31
A cationic softener that imparts a softness agent and lubricating and antistatic properties to synthetics, synthetic blends, and cotton has been introduced by Hart Products Corp., of New York, N.Y. Catylex 2715 is a quaternary compound and is compatible with most resins, catalysts, body builders, and other additives, the company says. C 32
A family of hydroxy-terminated Poly B-D liquid resins is available from Sinclair Petrochemicals, Inc., of New York, N.Y. These reactive polymers are based on butadiene and include medium- and low-viscosity homopolymers and butadiene-styrene and butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers. Ter-
minal location of the hydroxyl group leads to unusual polymers through chain extension with a variety of reactive materials, according to Sinclair. C33
New tetraamine is available in research quantities from Burdick & Jackson Laboratories, Inc., of Muskegon, Mich. Used in place of tetraaminobiphenyl, 3,3',4,4'-tetraaminobiphenyl ether polymerizes with diphenyl isophthalate to yield polybenzimidazole resins with great resistance to high temperature and chemical attack, the company says. C34
Nitrogen trifluoride is now available from Air Products and Chemicals, Inc., of Allentown, Pa. The chemical has been the subject of much intensive research in the lamp industry as a gas filler to increase the life and brightness of lamps, the company notes. C 35
Tungsten diselenide, a high-temperature lubricant, has been developed by Bemol, Inc., of Newton, Mass. The solid lubricant has the same properties as molybdenum and tungsten disulfides but has very low outgassing properties under extreme heat (1200° F.) and very high vacuum (better than 10- 10 t o n ) , Bemol says. C 36
Ferrocene derivatives in research and development quantities are available from Hetero Chemical Co., of Beverly, Mass. The company is now offering chloromercurif errocene ; 1,1 '-bis-chloromercuriferrocene; and acetyl ferrocene. The derivatives are used in the synthesis of organometallic polymers which have been shown to have stability and radiation screening characteristics, the company says. C 37
Series of five rare sugars and two intermediates are available from Ash Stevens, Inc., of Detroit, Mich. The sugars include viosamine, amosamine, and thomosamine as part of the 4amino-4,6-dideoxy series. They are sold in quantities of 10 mg. each for biochemical and pharmaceutical screening and test programs at $250.00 per 10-mg. packet. The galacto and glucoside intermediates are offered in 10-gram packets at $250.00 per packet. C38 FEB.
8f 196 5 C & E N
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NEW EQUIPMENT Two low-range
absolute
pressure
transmitters for use with such process equipment as low-pressure fractionat ing columns, evaporators, degassing equipment, and vacuum crystallizers are offered by Foxboro Co., of Foxboro, Mass. The transmitters—one pneumatic and one electronic—detect, measure, and readjust force imbalance by means of pressure or current feed back. Ε 60
• E3 α ·«
Gel permeation chromatography as sembly for analyzing polymer molecu lar weights both for number average and weight average is available from Water Associates, Inc. The as sembly is provided complete with re corder, temperature control system, flow control system, integral syphon counter, and fraction collector, ac cording to the Framingham, Mass., Ε 61 company.
mm
NEW CHN ANALYZER PROVES ITS PERFORMANCE There's only one way to test a new instrument's mettle and t h a t is to prove its performance with actual samples. • T h a t ' s exactly what the new F & M Model 185 Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen Analyzer has done. • Proof No. 1. I n 64 duplicate Carbon and Hydrogen analyses performed on the 185 in two different labs, the overall s t a n d a r d deviation (σ) was 0 . 2 % for Carbon and 0 . 1 % for Hydrogen . . . compared to the microchemist's ac cepted allowable error of ± 0 . 3 % for Carbon and Hydrogen according to the Pregl method. • Proof No. 2. I n a direct comparison between the 185 and the Pregl-Dumas procedures, the same ten samples were analyzed both ways in the same lab. T h e 185 results were at least as good as Pregl-Dumas: average difference between theoretical and experimental values was 0 . 1 % for Carbon, 0 . 1 % for Hydrogen and 0 . 3 % for Nitrogen. For Pregl-Dumas, the average difference was 0 . 1 % for Carbon, 0 . 2 % for Hydrogen and 0 . 2 % for Nitrogen. • Proof No. 3. I n a series of samples representing various degrees of difficulty, the 185 was tested against theory. All samples were processed on the 185 without modification or special handling, yet the agreement between theoretical and experimental values was well within the microchemist's allowable error: 0 . 2 % for Carbon, 0 . 2 % for Hydrogen, 0 . 2 % for Nitrogen. W h a t this all adds u p to is t h a t the new Model 185 is not only a faster, easier and more economical way t o perform elemental analysis b u t also as reliable as the more complicated classical methods. • Call your F & M Technical Representative for a full discussion of the proofs of performance. Or write us for Bulletin 1800. F & M Scientific Corporation, R o u t e 41 and S t a r r Road, Avondale, Pennsyl vania; phone (215) 268-2281. I n E u r o p e : F & M Scientific E u r o p a N . V., Basisweg, (Sloterdijk) A m s t e r d a m , T h e Netherlands. In the final analysis, if s F&M 48 C & E N FEB. 8, 1965
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Immersion heaters with built-in ther mostatic controls and optional polypro pylene tube guards are offered by Sethco Mfg. Corp., of Freeport, N.Y. Constructed with fused-quartz tubes and vapor-proof epoxy heads, the heat ers are highly resistant to all acids ex cept hydrofluoric. They are designed for small laboratory and pilot plant tanks. Ε 62
A color comparator for colorimetric liquid analysis is offered by Hach Chemical Co., of Ames, Iowa. Color disks are available for chlorine, iron, silica, phosphate, copper, nitrate, ni trite, manganese, detergents, and pH tests. On each color disk there is a graduated scale from which parts per million or pH can be read directly. Ε 63
Mica shields and gaskets for use in high-pressure, high-temperature boil ers and chemical vessels are offered by Industrial Mica Corp. (a division of Columbia Technical Corp.) of Woodside, N.Y. The mica shields and gas kets are resistant to continuous tem peratures up to 1550° F., the com pany says. Ε 64
Self-priming, leakproof plastic pumps for completely automatic pumping of a
Do you A emulsify! wot! disperse!
Call Witco. You can choose from the broad est line of anionic surfactants in America
W I T C O 4ff CHEMICAL COMP^
INC
Dept. D-10, 277 Park Ave., Ν. Υ., Ν. Υ. 10017 C &ΕΝ
49
C&EN
EQUIPMENT
PROGRESS REPORT
These items have all been mentioned editorially in C&EN in the past month. If you haven't already sent for information on them, just check the appropriate key numbers on the coupon on page 54, and C&EN's Readers' Information Service will forward your request to the manufacturer.
INSTRUMENTS AND CONTROLS Product
Ι
Indicating system (Model 900 1-2) Level control (Liquiswitch Mode C200) Leak detector (LC-10, LC-20) Computer system (H20)
Ε 68
pH controller (Series 660)
Ε 72
Ε 69 Ε 70 Ε 71
Counting system Ε 73 (Model 1002Actigraph III) Corrosion studies Ε 74 (A1680 Anodic/Cathodic Potentiostat) Sensing indicators Ε 75 (Series LH)
Company
Cryogenics, Inc. Baileys Crossroads, Va. Dynasonics Corp. Syosset, N.Y. General Electric Co. Schenectady, N.Y. Honeywell Philadelphia, Pa. New Brunswick Scientific Co., Inc. New Brunswick, N J . Nuclear-Chicago Corp. Des Plaines, III. Southern Analytical, Ltd. Surrey, England Standard Products Division, Michigan-Dynamics, Inc. Detroit, Mich.
Features Two-channel, fixed-point indicator for liquid hydrogen Dual-probe unit for automatic high-low liquid levels Has solid-state circuitry in control and readout modules for high reliability Has computer language, CONTRAN, for use with system; language which will cut programing costs For use in dip-type measurements in open vessels or submerged applica tions in pressurized tanks Designed specifically for paper-strip radiochromatograph Supplies 9 amp. when used with a con trolled negative potential Designed to warn of reduced system effi ciency and abnormal pressure levels
EQUIPMENT AND LAB WARE Expansion unit (Expansionette)
Ε 76
Automatic buret
Ε 77
Electric motor (Versa Pac) Filter tube
Ε 78
Pumps (500-D-2)
Ε 80
Powder thief
Ε 81
Valve
Ε 82
Control valves
Ε 83
Hydrogen generator
Ε 84
Mixing system
Ε 85
Filters
Ε 86
Transmission coupling
Ε 87
Liquids sampling (KH-400)
Ε 88
50
C&EN
FEB. 8, 1965
Ε 79
Adsco Division, Yuba Consolidated Industries Buffalo, N.Y. Advanced Instruments, Inc. Newton Highlands, Mass. Allis-Chalmers Milwaukee, Wis. Commercial Filters Corp. Lebanon, Ind. R. S. Corcoran Co. Joliet, III. Custom Materials, Inc. Chelmsford, Mass. F&M Scientific Corp. Avondale, Pa. Jordan Valve Division, Richards Industries, Inc. Cincinnati, Ohio Milton Roy Co. St. Petersburg, Fla. Pfaudler Co. Rochester, N.Y. Sintered Specialties Division, Panoramic Corp. Janesville, Wis. Sprout, Waldron & Co., Inc. Muncy, Pa. Welles Products, Inc. Roscoe, III.
Gland-type joint for absorbing expansion and contraction in small-diameter pipe Uses finely ground piston to give high accuracy with repetitive delivery Standardized units to reduce mainte nance and improve reliability Resin-impregnated to give tube greater resistance to compression Centrifuge type, designed for corrosive service with a saline slurry; made of corrosion-resistant materials Designed for safe handling of volatile powders Multisample rotary-type for liquid meas uring High-flow, sliding gate type with actuator rating of 75 p.s.i. Has electrolytic cell which produces 150 ml. of ultrapure hydrogen per minute Change-can mixing for in-plant opera tions involving production size reac tors Made from sintered metals with mini mum thicknesses of 1 / 1G in. Rolling-torque design to allow free axial movement of the drive shaft without transmitting axial thrust forces Designed so as not to contaminate samples
It's new AGIKTOr EPG ... the "stand-out" among fatty acids! You wouldn't believe it... but this new tall oil fatty acid from Arizona is replacing oleics and other unsaturated fatty acids — saving users as much as 40%! J^ Here's why: ACINTOL EPG registers a new high in fatty acid content (99.4% ) . . . a new low in rosin and unsaponifiable content. It's noted, too, for unsurpassed clarity of color and
Another "first" from
color stability... a perfectly bland odor... out standing storage stability. 4 Not everyone can use ACINTOL EPG to replace oleics, but many can and will... and are already doing so! For full details, see your man from Arizona. Or write to the ARIZONA CHEMICAL COMPANY, 111 West 50th Street, New York, New York 10020.
5\[p[]g(2)[ïû® C&ΕΝ
51
What is a chemical engineer doing at NCR?
Lots of things. With a BS, MS or Ph.D. in chemical engineering, he may be working with plastics, poly mers, inks, paper, metals, foods or pharmaceuticals. In NCR's Finishes Control. Labora tory, his assignment might deal with new process design for electro or electroless plating. Or with new etching techniques for printed-thruhole circuit boards. In Chemical Development, he might be working with special paper products for business systems (such as carbonless transfer and
thermocopy paper, punched cards, and tape). He might be developing new media storage by changing materials and coating techniques. In the Plastics Laboratory, you may find him evaluating new mate rials, determining new methods of production, developing new proc esses or improving old ones. Capsular Research and Product Development would involve him in NCR's unique microencapsulation process which locks up a material in a microscopic capsule for subse quent release. This has applications
in such fields as pharmaceuticals, foods and adhesives. In NCR's Materials Analysis group, he might assist our research organizations — qualifying produc tion materials or developing new wet and dry test techniques. If your interests fit into this broad picture of process develop ment, product development and pro duct application, we'd like to hear from you. Write to Thomas F. Wade, Technical Placement, NCR, Dayton, Ohio 45409. An equal opportunity employer.
NCR BE SURE TO VISIT THE NCR PAVILION AT THE Ν. Υ. WORLD'S FAIR
52
C&ΕΝ
THE NATIONAL CASH REGISTER COMPANY
wide range of corrosive and/or viscous materials are offered by Vanton Pump and Equipment Corp., of Hillside, N.J. Flexi-I-Liner pumps are equipped with a timing device which can be pro gramed so that the pump will op erate for any desired length of time and/or time interval during a 24-hr. period. Pump capacities range from 1/3 to 40 gal. per min., with discharge pressures to 50 p.s.i. Ε 6 5
Support material for electrophoresis analysis and for chromatography is
nated submicron borosilicate glass fibers of controlled porosity, Pfaudler says. Ε 66
Sheathed thermocouples made of a 50% alloy of rhenium and molyb denum are offered by Conax Corp., of Buffalo, N.Y. The Con-O-Clad thermocouples, which range from Vie to V 4 in. o.d., are for use in hydro gen, nitrogen, ammonia, inert, or high-vacuum atmospheres, the com pany says. Ε 67
being manufactured by Pallflex Prod ucts Corp., of Putnam, Conn. Avail able in rolls of 1/2-, 1-, and 12-in. widths, Fiberfilm analysis support gives clear separation and reduces total analysis time, the company says. Fiberfîlm is made of Teflon-impreg-
Further information on keyed Equipment and Chemicals items are readily available . . .
I
Use handy coupon on page 54
Readers' Information Service
DODECYLBENZYL MERCAPTAN
February 8, 1965
Dodecylbenzyl mercaptan is a reac tive mercaptan featuring unusually low odor and toxicity for a mercap tan. Its applications include use as a chain regulator in rubber polymer ization and similar macromolecular reactions; as an intermediate in dyestuffs, specialty wetting agents, and agricultural chemicals; and as an antioxidant. It may also find use in specialty metal-cleaning and polish ing compounds.
Use this handy self-mailer to obtain further information or literature. Simply mark the items desired, fill out the information requested, clip the coupon, fold, staple, and mail.
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Typical Characteristics Appearance—light yellow oil Purity—90% minimum Boiling point—approx. 150° C @ 0.5 mm Hg Soluble in acetone, benzene and heptane Insoluble in water and alcohol
Analysis/Testing Marketing/Sales Purchasing Consulting Teaching—Student
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Κ ( ) Petroleum Réf., Asphalts, Lubricants L ( ) Rubber and Plastic Products M ( ) Independent Laboratories Ν ( ) Consultants 0 ( ) Primary Metal Industries Ρ ( ) Fabricated Metal Products Q ( ) Machinery and Equipment R ( ) Transportation Equipment S ( ) Instruments and Controls Τ ( ) Education
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