Columm Chromatography in Three Easy Lessons*
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MANUFACTURERS’ LITERATURE
PolyPac Reagents. Some 91 readyto-use solutions, reagent-grade chemicals, and clinical specialities are listed in an 8-page catalog. These materials come in PolyPac (store-and-dispense polyethylene cubes) in 21/, and 5 gal exclusively. Fisher Scientific Co., 312 Fisher Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. 601
S n 8page applications manual gives basic theory, circuits, definition of key parameters of analog-to-digital converters in general, plus extensive user information on the company’s Model ADC-U. Analog Devices, Inc., Pastoriza Div., 221 Fifth St., Cambridge, 602 Mass. 02142. Analogto-Digital Converters.
*Three Easy Prices Too! For Complete Information Send For Brochure CC31
Lesson No.1
Color Comparator. Data Sheet TC652, 2 pages, describes, gives the principle of operation, applications, and
specifications for the Tri-Colorphot Model TC. This instrument is a new photoelectric tristimulus color comparator. Photronic, Inc., 411 Cheltenham Ave., Jenkintown, Pa. 19046. 603
u -2 $975
Monitor the effluent with an ISCO quantitative ultraviolet analyzer. Linear absorbance recording and single or dual-beam operation at 254 and 280 mpc are only a few of ISCO’s exclusive features
Lesson No.2
Any simple or complex elution gradient formed by combining two liquids can be dialed directly into the Dialagrad Programmed Gradient Pump Program duration and pumping rates are easily adjusted over broad ranges.
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Lesson No. 3
Collect the effluent in one of ISCO s two linear or four round fraction collectors. Prices range from $245.00 for the Model 270 to $850.00 for the Model 326. No after school sessions necessary when you use ISCO equipment
INSTRUMENTATION SPECIALTIES CO. 4700 SUPERIOR LINCOLN, NEBRASKPl88504 PHONE (402) 434-0231 CABLE ISCOMB LINCOLN
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Instrument Recorder. A 2-page sheet describes the PR-500 portable or rackmounted instrumentation recorder. The recorder is designed for industrial and scientific testing, process monitoring, petrochemical analysis, biomedical research, and other applications. Ampex Corp., M.S. 7-13, 401 Broadway, Redwood City, Calif. 94063 604 Precision Instruments. Bulletin 70-1, 8 pages, describes and pictures portable precision instruments such as bridges and potentiometers, accessories, measuring, limit testing and trimming instruments, and laboratory resistance standards, bridges, radio sets, and potentiometric instruments. James G. Biddle Co., Plymouth Meeting, Pa. 19462 605
Circle NO. 40 on Readers’ Service Card a ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL. 41, NO. 14, DECEMBER 1969
-2 $1250
I W T offers t w o cartridge models for pure water: The Universal U-2 Model costs $9.75; the Research R-2 Model costs $12.50. The U-2 delivers 5 gph of water as good as single-distilled water - suitable for all normal laboratory purposes with a quality of about 2 parts per million. But the water has silica and carbon dioxide i n it. With R-2 at $2.75 more you get water without any silica and carbon dioxide. $2.75 may seem like a lot for such a little less but i t is not the quantity that people don’t want but more the fact that they don’t want any of it. If the above is confusing - here i s a pure fact: the Duplex Research (R-2) model delivers water as good as triple distillation (.04 ppm quality). A color change warns of resin exhaustion; then you merely replace the cartridge with a fresh one to keep the pure water coming or going.
Bul. 268 i s quite explicit about models, purity levels, resins, fixtures and costs. W e would like to send you this 4-color, 4-page brochure please ask for it.
Spectrometers. A 12-page brochure describes the 1700 series spectrometers.
Four models are available: 3/4- or I-m f.1. with wal-elength or wavenumber drive. Gratings, grating masks, readout systems, photomultiplier housings, infrared detectors, and many accessories are illustrated and discussed. Spex Industries, Inc., P. 0. BOX 798, hletuchen, N.J. 08840 606
OOllAKS MORE
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ILLlNOlS WATER TREATMENT COMPANY 840 CEDAR ST., ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS 61105
Circle No. 38 on Readers’ Servicc Card
Start w i t h the excellence of the Gilford Monochromator-cast housing for lasting, precise alignment of the finest optical system and control mechanisms-obstacle-free exit plane-integral aperture slide with standard and micro apertures-four place manual positioner with accuracy for micro cuvettes - rugged optical bench for rapid interchange of accessories. Enjoy the convenience and accuracy of linearized wavelength and slit w i d t h controls-direct digital indication-wavelengths readable t o 0.1 nm. - slit widths adjustable and readable t o 0.001 mm. Both control mechanisms are free of backlash and vibrational instability, and make provision for attachment of servo drives. Put t o work the unique usefulness of the Gilford Linear Ab so r ba nce Phot o m e t e r -a cc u rat e Iy Ii near ize d output directly in absorbance, not % T converted t o A-resolution of 0.001 A throughout the entire 0.000 t o 3.000 A measuring rangedirect absorbance indication in clearly readable digits- 0.5 % A photometric accuracy-less than 0.005 A drift per hour. These inherent advantages, coupled w i t h the Gilford ”building block” design concept, permit you t o add attachments as needed for automated operation and special applications. The rapid quantitation of enzyme rates, tor example, is
achieved with the patented combination of the Gilford Photometer, Gilford Automatic Cuvette Positioner and a linear strip chart recorder. Unlike % T instruments, the Gilford linear absorbance output requires no damping circuitry. With the Gilford Model 240 Spectrophotometer, you have the potential of starting with a fundamentally superior basic system and converting it t o as sophisticated a system as you may ever need. Thousands of research, clinical, and industrial laboratories have discovered that Gilford systems offer unsurpassed versatility for a wide variety of spectrophotometric techniques. Write, or call 216/774-1041. for further information and your copy of Gilford Bibliography No. 9.
GILFORD INSTRUMENT LABORATORIES INC.
OBERLIN, OHIO 44074
Circle No. 29 on Readers’ Service Card
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL. 41, NO. 14, DECEMBER 1969
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Manufacturers’ Literature Photomultiplier. A 4-page bulletin describes the Type 4283 Centronic 2-in. 11-stage trialkali photocathode. Spectral response is from 1650 to 8500 A. Bailey Instruments, Inc., 5919 Massachusetts Ave., Washington, D. C. 20016 607
Biochemical Oxygen Demand. Specifications, prices, and a detailed description of the company’s biochemical oxygen demand apparatus are included in a 6-page folder. Hach Chemical Co., Box 907, Ames, Iowa 50010 608
Pipet Catalog. The October 1969 edition of “Fisherbrand Pipets,” 28 pages, lists 51 major kinds of precision pipets. This fully indexed catalog also shows techniques to be used with “to contain” and “to deliver” pipets. Fisher Scientific Go., 312 Fisher Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. 16219 609 Hybrid Computing System. A 16page brochure describes the 590 hybrid computing system. This Bystem combines analog and digital computing elements for maximum efficiency. Electronic Associates, Inc., West Long Branch, K,J. 07764 610
Photomultiplier Tube Housings. A 16page catalog lists the company’s complete line of photomultiplier tube housings including coolable PMT housings for all leading photomultipliers and PPI’s new line of PMT amplifiers. Pacific Photometric Instruments, 2024 Ashby -4ve., Berkeley, Calif. 94705 611
A 30-page brochure describes pharmaceutical, steroid, and biochemical spectral collections and the indices, Spec-Finder, and ultraviolet locator used with them. SadtIer Research Laboratories, Inc., 3316 Spring Garden St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19104 612 Spectra Collections.
Computer-Compatible Measuring Engines. An 8-page brochure covers Series 400 and 800 equipment which
provides accurate measurements, within 0.25,~ of spectrographic and photographic plates. Use of the devices in fast-scan densitometers, highresolution microphotometers, and other uses are discussed. Grant Instruments, 1805 Eastshore Highway, Berkeley, Calif. 94710 613 Circle No. 14 on Readers‘ Service Card
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VO
Circle No. 111 on Readers’ Service Card
41, NO. 14, DECEMBER 1969
All thermal analysis systems for DTA,TGAandTMA were not created equal. Our apologies if we sound undemocratic. But Perkin-Elmer thermal analysis systems are the continuing choice of both the demanding researcher and the value-conscious quality control chemist. And for some very convincing reasons. For example:
The Model DSC-1B Differential Scanning Calorimeter This is the only true Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) in the field (U.S. Patent No. 3263484). It records energy directly. Calibrate it at one temperature, and it holds over the whole range and under all conditions. The direct power measuring principle, low thermal mass and minimal thermal gradients provide the highest sensitivity and resolution available, with the fastest usable heating a n d cooling rates. With the DSC-1B, applications which are difficult if not impossible with conventional systems are routine. Specific heat. Absolute purity. Crystallinity. Reaction kinetics.And that’s naming only a few.
source, for negligible balance “drift” with temperature. Almost instant cooling from 1000°C to ambient for shortest “turn around” time a n d m a x i m u m instrument utility. The magnetic transition temperature calibration system (patent applied for) provides T calibration in the sample space, not just somewhere near it. In fact, the TGS-1 is the only rapid scanning TGA system providing sample temperatures you can believe. The Cahn RG Electrobalance@ we use is famous for its sensitivity, accuracy and ruggedness. Others use it, too-but Perkin-Elmer keeps it cool and it does its best. With the TGS-1, data can be recorded simultaneously with the DSC. A derivative circuit for DTG is included. Moreover, with the UU-1 programmer you can have a completely independent TGA system at moderate cost.
The Model TMS-1 Precision Thermomechanical Analyser The “Archimedean Float” probe
The Model TGS-1 Thermogravimetric Analyser The unique low thermal mass internal furnace of the TGS-1 provides many user benefits. For instance: Close coupling with the sample for highest resolution, even at scanning rates 10 or 20 times faster than normal with others. Complete isolation of balance from heat
suspension system on this model assures constant force on the Sample, independent of displacement. This effectively eliminates tedious and inaccurate “probe position” adjustments. Moreover, the precision bearings and massive “I Beam” supports allow “stiction” free performance. Together with unprecedented sensitivity in ordinary lab environments. The novel “Furnace Dewar” assembly rides up or down a vertical ”trolley” to surround or clear the sample area. No disassembly or complicated mechanical adjustments are required. The TMS-1 includes a derivative circuit and a chromel-alumel thermocouple as standard features. (With the UU-1 programmer it is also available as an independent system.) To find out more about PerkinElmer’s “unequal” (and superior) Thermal Analysis Systems, write to Instrument Division, Perkin-Elmer Corporation, 702 Main Avenue, Norwalk, Conn. 06852. ~
PERK1N-ELM ER
Circle NO. 134 on Readers’ Service Card
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL. 41, NO. 14, DECEMBER 1969
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Manufacturers’ Literature Laboratory Chemicals. Catalog G-22, ‘76 pages, contains a complete listing of the company’s chemicals, including amino acids and reagents, biochemicals and reagents, clinical reagents, fluoroorganics, organosilicons and organic specialties, A special section lists GC accessories, including special containers. Pierce Chemical Co., P. 0. Box 117, 614 Rockford, Ill. 61105 Thermal Analysis. Twelve charts illustrate the thermal analysis of some diverse materials. Also included are reprink from the Pittsburgh Conference and from ANALYTICAL CHEXISTRY which illustrate the potential of thermal analysis. Carle Instruments, Inc., 1141 East Ash -4ve., Fullerton, 615 Calif. 92631 Variable Area Flowmeter Handbook. Catalog 10A1023, 20 pages, contains charts and tables to aid in the selection of Rotameters. This handbook is Vol. 111 in a series. Vol. I (Catalog 1081021) gives basic rotameter principles, and 1‘01. I1 (Catalog 10-41022) gives rotameter calculations. Fischer & Porter Co., 552 Jacksonville Rd., War616 minster, Pa. 18974 Accessory Materials for GC. A 4-page folder lists aids for the gas chromatographer. Included are liquid microsyringes, low-bleed GC septa, high-performance liquid phases, substrates and column packings, and more than 80 trimethylsilylated compounds for use as GC standards. Write for GC accessory list. Pierce Chemical Co., Box 1 1 i , Rockford, Ili. 61105 617 Mass Spectrometers. A 16-page bulletin, KO.21490, gives performance and application data on new lowcost, high-performance mass spectrometers. The bulletin includes information on GC/hlS operations and a discussion of the instruments’ new analyzer of computer-aided design. Bell 6: Howell, 360 12ladre Villa, Pasadena, Calif. 618 91109 Position-Sensitive Detector Guide. A 20-page manual entitled “Guide t o the Selection and Vse of Position-Sensitive Detectors” is edited by W. W. Daehnick of the Uni.i-ersity of Pittsburgh. Unique detectors analyze energy and position of incident particles simultaneously; application examples are given. Nuclear Diodes, Inc., P. 0. Box 135, Prairie View, Ill. 60069 619 Circle No. 92 on Readers’ Senice Cud
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL. 41, NO. 14, DECEMBER 1969
TRACE INORGANICS IN WATER ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES No. 73 Twenty-one papers from a symposium by the Division of Water, Air, and Waste Chemistry of the American Chemical Society, chaired by Robert A. Baker. Includes:
Klett
,, ,
Photometers
Five surveys on broad topics0 Transport properties of electrolytes e Anions in aqueous solution Effects of trace inorganics on the ice/water system 0 Aluminum species in water 0 The role of hydrous Mn and Fe oxides in fixation of metals in soils and sediments
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Eleven papers on analytical developments, such as: Atomic absorption (3 papers) Atomic fluorescence 0 Flame emission 0 Neutron activation 0 0
And five research reports.
396 pages with index Cloth bound (1968) $12.50 Postpaid in U S . and Canada: plus 20 cents elsewhere. Set of L.C. cards free with library orders.
Order from SPECIAL ISSUES SALES AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOClETY 1155 SIXTEENTH ST., N.W. WASHINGTON, D.C. 20036
YEW HIGH VACUUM MOLECULAR STILL For continuous separation o f heat sensitive Substances, such as biochemicals, polymers, essential oils, petroleum and hydrocarbon products. All-glass construction eliminates corrosion problem a n d catalytic breakdown due to metqls. Two sizes: 1 to 2 liters/hour, 10-5 to 10-3 Torr, 350°C. max. a n d 200 to 400 ml./hour same pressure range. Separates substances with weights up to 2500.
molecular
Uses thin liquid f i l m distributed and conveyed b y rotating glass coil over ground glass hot finger. Includes circulating liquid temperature control system, oil diffusion and vapor-jet pumps f o r vacuum control. These stills have been developed and patented b y Jenaer Glaswerk Schott o f West Germany, n o w available i n U.S.A. a n d Canada. Request Bulletin 5004e.
No. 2070
Designed for the rapid and accurate determination of thiamin, riboflavin, and other substances which fluoresce, in solution. The sensitivity and stability are such that it has been found particularly useful in determining very small amounts of these substances. 0
L
-KLETT
SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTS
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PHOTOELECTRIC COLORIMETERS 0 BIO-COLORIMETERS COLORIMETER-NEPHELOMETERS 0 COLONY MARKER 0 KLETT REAGENTS 0 GLASS CELLS
Distillation Apparatus since 1929.
203 Gateway Road
Kli2’t Manufacturing Co., Inc.
Bensenville, 111. 60106
179 E A S T 87TH S T R E E T , NEW YORK, N. Y.
PODBIELNIAK, INC.
Circle No. 62 an Readers’ Service Card
Circle
NO. 41 on Readers’ Service Card
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL. 41, NO. 14, DECEMBER 1969
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The
Manufacturers’ Literature Gas Density Detector. A 4-page bulletin, SB-11, describes the gas density detector and gives 49 technical references to its use in process streams and with plant or lab chromatographs. The detector is especially useful with corrosire samples. Gow-Mac Instrument Co., 100 Kings Rd., Madison, N. J. 07940 620 Analog/Hybrid
Computer
Subjects.
A revised index is available t o the company’s applications reference library. Technical studies, educator’s demonstrations, application reports, and user case histories are included. Electronic Associates, Inc., West Long Branch, S.J. 07764 621 Sensing Elements. An 8-page catalog, 1100 hIL 2-1, describes industrial-type
thermocouples and illustrates the company’s line of magnesium oxide insulated thermocouples, thermistor elements, quick disconnect plugs and jacks, and thermocouples for the plastics industry. Barber-Colman Co., Rockford, Ill. 61101 622 GOW-MAC MODEL 69.500
Maybe the job you need done doesn’t justify the several thousand dollar price tag on some gas chromatographs. Still the job needs doing. Do it with the GOW-MAC MODEL 69-500. At less than $800, it’s dependable and has features not found in much higher priced models, features such as four Gold-sheathed filaments for extra oxidation resistance under severe conditions, and the new self-healing septum system. The thermal conductivity detector gives rapid response and high sensitivity. Independent flow control of dual columns. Independent temperature control of detector and column oven. Operates to 300°C. This is a rugged, analytical, yet economical gas chromatograph it couldn’t have been built a couple of years ago, but today it’s a reality. The GOW-MAC Model 69500. Even if you use it only once a week it’ll save .you money. Designed by GOW-MAC to meet the need for a practical approach to today’s laboratory and plant requirements. Also available at lower sensitivity is the utility Model 69-100 at less than $600. Send for free, illustrated brochure of features and specifications.
GOW-MAC INSTRUMENT CO.
Gas Analysis since 1 9 3 5
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100 Kings Road, Madison, New Jersey 07940 ,Circle Noh 120 on Readers’ Service Card
A 4-page brochure gives photographs, drawings, and diagrams to describe the unique features of a new laboratory glassware washer. Combination loads of difficult items are easilv handled. Ramco Equipment Corp., Hillside, N. J. 07205
Glassware Washer.
Tel: (201)377-3450
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL. 41, NO. 14, DECEMBER 1969
623 Gas Chromatographs. An 18-page bulletin describes the Series 76209 computer-compatible, high-performance research gas chromatographs. Detailed specification and application information is included. Hewlett-Packard, Bvondale Div., Rt. 41 and Starr 624 Rd., Avondale, Pa. 19311 Optical Crystals. A revised 68-page book, “Harshaw Optical Crystals,” presents a technical discussion of optical crystals and their relation to the electromagnetic spectrum from the vacuum UV to the far IR. Practical data are included. The Harshaw Chemical Co., Div., Kewanee Oil Co., 1945 E. 97th St., 625 Cleveland, Ohio 44106 Air Pollution Testing. Bulletin 159, 24 pages, describes Gelman membrane
filters, pollution sampling, and monitoring equipment. Arthur H. Thomas Co., P.O. Box 779, Philadelphia, Pa. 19105 626
Manufacturers’ Literature Laboratory Furniture. A 116-page catalog, 691-8, describes a full line of steel scientific furniture and equipment for industrial laboratories. Besides giving complete coverage of the equipment, actual installation photos and suggestions on lab planning and layout are provided. NII Laboratory Furniture, Inc., 270 Duffy Ave., Hicksville, N. Y. 627 Surface Defects in Silicon Epitaxial Wafers. A 6-page article, reprinted
from “Semiconductor Products and Solid State Technology,” by C. E. Hallas and E. J. Patzner describes the various defects occurring during epitaxial growth on silicon and their possible causes. Hacker Instruments, Inc., Box 646, West Caldwell, N. J. 07006 628 Viscosimeter. Bulletin VAG 69, 6-page
folder, describes the VIBCO/Amylo/ GRAPH temperature-programmed viscosimeter. This instrument is important where gel-forming materials are involved. C. W. Brabender Instruments, Inc., 50 East Wesley St., South 629 Hackensack, N. J. 07606 Teflon Products. A 6-page folder con-
tains information on products made of Teflon for laboratory use. Included are joints, sleeves, special tubing, and products containing other materials combined with Teflon. Pope Scientific Inc., 13600 W. Reichert Ave., Men630 omonee Falls, Wis. 53051 ASTM List of Publications. Issued in
September 1969, this 34-page booklet lists more than 550 ASTM publications dealing with knowledge of materials, materials evaluation, and standardization of methods of test and specifications. -4single copy requested on company letterhead will be sent free of charge. ASTM, 1916 Race St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19103
Company Periodicals Requests f o r copies o f the following publications, catalogs, etc., should be sent directly t o the address shown. Business or professional letterheads are requested. High-Intensity Light Sources. A 12-page Product Reference Guide, No. 902, covers the company’s line of standard and custom high-intensity light sources, electronic accessories, and related products. PEK, Inc., 825 E. Evelyn Ave., Sunnyvale, Calif. 94086
For further information write or call
INSTRUMENT CO RPO R ATlON
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530C Main Street, Acton, Massachusetts 01720 Telephone 617-263-7733 Circle NO. 83 on Readers’ Service Card
%ki
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL. 41, NO. 14, DECEMBER 1969
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Manufacturers’ Literature Analytical Advances. Vol. 2, No. 3, 16 pages, features an article on the application of the 7600A chromatograph system to simulated distillation in the petroleum industry. Other articles discuss a new GC detector for phosphoruscontaining pesticides and calibration of thermistors. Hetvlett-Packard, Route 41 and Starr Rd., Avondale, Pa. 19311 Beckman Bulletin. Vol. IV, No. 3, 8 pages, describes a new X-ray diffractometer, three new atomic absorption systems, and other equipment. Beckman Instruments, Inc., Fullerton, Calif. 92634 Current Laboratory Practice. Vol. 1, No. 5, 32 pages, features an article on toxicological separations, and includes an electrophoresis supplement with other articles and information of interest to laboratory workers. Gelman Instrument Co., GOO South Wagner Rd., Ann Arbor, Mich. 48106
Vol. 25, No. 2, 24 pages, contains as a lead article a theory that schizophrenia is a biochemical disease. Other articles cover studies of the permeability of red blood cells, direct measurement of heat of ionization in biological samples, development of a continuous-flow bloodcell separator, and others. American Instrument Co., 8030 Georgia Avo., Silver Spring, Rld. 20910 Aminco Laboratory News.
THE BURRELL KROMO-TOG MODEL K-4 An accurate and dependable gas chromatograph that performs comparable to a two or three thousand dollar instrument where applications do not require programmed analysis. Yet, the Burrell Kromo-Tog Model K-4 costs less than $500.00. It features a 4 filament thermal conductivity detector that offers the most universal detection system available] and isothermal operations up to 4000 C provide almost unlimited applications. The Kromo-Tog Model K-4is ruggedly built to take hard use, and is an ideal teaching aid. Contact your Burrell Representative for more information or write:
BURRELL CORPORATION SClENtlflC INSTRUMENTS AND LABORATORY SUPPLIES
2223 FIFTH AVENUE, PITTSBURGH. PA. 15219 Circle No. 154 on Readers’ Service Card
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, VOL. 41, NO, 14, DECEMBER 1969
E 4 Bulletin. Vol. IV, No, 2, 4 pages, discusses in its feature article the practical use of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Other articles discuss an educational minicell and applications of a vertical gel cell for RX-4 and isozyme separations. E-C Apparatus Corp., 755 St. Marks St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19104 The Needle. Vol. 8, No. 3, an 8-page
small-form publication contains an article on donor and recipient compatibility testing as done at the UCLA R/Iedical Center in Westwood, CaIif. Hamilton Co., P.O. Box 307, Whittier, Calif. 90608 Scientific Instrument News, Chromatograph Series. Vol. 2, No. 2, 28
pages, contains an article on “Gas-Liquid Chromatography of Protein Amino Acids” by Charles W. Gehrke and descriptions of follow-up experiments of amino acid analysis according to Dr. Gehrke’s method. Shimadzu Seisakusho, Ltd., 1, Nishinokyo Xuwabaracho, Nakagyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
