Biochemistry Biochemistry (ISSN 0006-2960) is published biweekly by the American Chemical Society at 1155 16th Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036. Second-class postage paid at Washington, D.C., and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Biochemistry, Member & Subscriber Services, P.O. Box 3337, Columbus, Ohio 43210. American Chemical Society 1155 16th Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036 (202) 872-4600 TDD (202) 872-8733
The hottest topics in biochemistry pulled together into one source!
Perspectives in Biochemistry
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ind out what's happening in this rapidly evolving field of chemistry. Concise and authoritative articles first published in ACS's renowned journal Biochemistry, report on the exciting advances and progress in the diversified areas of biochemical research. Nearly 40 reviews published in 1987 and 1988 inform the general reader on past develop ment, current status, and future direction of areas of particular significance. The introduc tory chapter includes special fundamental and philosophical commentary on the divergent development of the two basic concepts of bio chemical science—biology and chemistry. Arti cles are written by recognized experts in the field and compiled by the editor of Biochemistry. This diverse volume contains chapters di vided into eight sections: • structure and function of proteins • enzyme catalysis • polysaccharides • signal transduction
• biological regulation • biochemical genetics • transmembrane phenomena • cellular functions Ideal for anyone wanting a review of the prog ress being made in this fast-growing field. Hans Neurath, Editor
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© Copyright 1989 by the American Chem ical Society. Copyright permission: An indi vidual may make a single reprographic copy of an article in this publication for personal use. Reprographic copying beyond that permitted by Section 107 or 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law is allowed, provided that the appropriate per-copy fee is paid through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 27 Congress St., Salem, Massachusetts 01970. For reprint permission, please write to the Copyright Administrator, Publications Division, at the ACS Washington address. The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences— Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Ma terials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. © Editorial Information Instructions to authors and copyright status form are printed in the first issue of each vol ume. Please conform to these instructions when submitting manuscripts. Manuscripts for publication should be sub mitted to the Editor, Hans Neurath, Depart ment of Biochemistry, University of Washing ton, Seattle, Washington 98195. Correspond ence regarding accepted papers and proofs should be directed to the Journals Department at the address above. Page charges of S30.00 per page may be paid for papers published in this journal. Payment does not affect accept ance or scheduling of papers. Bulk reprints of individual articles are available. For informa tion write to Distribution Office at the ACS Washington address. The American Chemical Society and its Ed itors assume no responsibility for the statements and opinions advanced by contributors. Registered names and trademarks, etc., used in this publication, even without specific indi cation thereof, are not to be considered unpro tected by law. Subscription and Business Information
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Biochemistry EDITOR
HANS NEURATH Department of Biochemistry University of Washington Seattle, Washington 98195 (206) 543-1690
UniEARL versity W.of WasDAVIhiEngton UniEDMOND versity ofH.WasFISCHER hington UniMILveTONrsity P.of GORDON Washington WIUniLvLIeArsMity ofW.WasPARSON hington ASSOCIATE EDITORS
EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD ROBERT H.
ABELES
Brandeis University
PETER C.
HINKLE
JAMES H.
PRESTEGARD
Cornell University, Ithaca
Yale University
DAVID S. AULD
FRANK M.
PETER REICHARD
Harvard Medical School
Scripps Clinic & Research Foundation
Karolinska Institute, Stockholm
ROBERT L.
TONY E. HUGLI
JAMES F.
Stanford University
Scripps Clinic & Research Foundation
Harvard Medical School
STEVEN J.
RAINER JAENICKE
CLARENCE A. RYAN, JR.
BALDWIN BENKOVIC
HUENNEKENS
RIORDAN
The Pennsylvania State University
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GUNTER
HANS JÖRNVALL
RANDY W.
The Rockefeller University
Karolinska Institute, Stockholm
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THOMAS L.
BLOBEL
SCHEKMAN
H. RONALD KABACK
HAROLD A.
University of London
Roche Institute of Molecular Biology
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BILL R.
NEVILLE R.
PAUL R.
BLUNDELL
BRINKLEY
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SCHIMMEL
University of Alabama
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MINOR J. COON
YOSHITO KAZIRO
JOACHIM SEELIG
The University of Michigan
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CLAUDE B. KLEE
G. GRAHAM
NIADDK, National Institutes of Health
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JOSEPH KRAUT
ANTERO G. S O
RAYMOND A. DWEK
University of California at San Diego
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JACK E. KYTE
JOANNE STUBBE
MICHAEL EDIDIN
University of California at San Diego
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ROBERT J.
BRIAN SYKES
IRWIN
Duke University
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TOMAS LINDAHL
EDWIN W.
University of Chicago
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Imperial Cancer Research Fund, London
IRVING H. GOLDBERG
HENRY METZGER
University of California, Berkeley
FRIDOVICH
Duke University CARL FRIEDEN
LEFKOWITZ
Harvard Medical School
NIAMS, National Institutes of Health
JACK GORSKI
PAUL L.
University of Wisconsin
Duke University
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ELIZABETH
HARRINGTON
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TAYLOR
IGNACIO TINOCO, JR. CHEN-LU TSOU
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DEXTER B.
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MARTHA
CARL-HENRIK
JAMES OFENGAND
National Institutes of Health
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Uppsala
Roche Institute of Molecular Biology
SALIH J. WAKIL
DEMETRIOS
University of California, San Francisco
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CLAUDE HÉLÈNE
HELDIN
Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris JOHN W. B. HERSHEY
University of California, Davis GEORGE P. HESS
Cornell University, Ithaca
NORTHROP
PAPAHADJOPOULOS
YING-LAI
VAUGHAN
WANG
MARY LOU PARDUE
Academia Sinica, Shanghai
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
SAVIO W O O
DAVID C. PHILLIPS
Baylor College of Medicine
University of Oxford
PETER E.
JAMES C. POWERS
Scripps Clinic & Research Foundation
Georgia Institute of Technology
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