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still higher are the limits of preparative micromethods in which one endeavors as a rule to obtain 1 cg." "The reasons which compel the chemist t o work with small quantities of substance are varied. Some are obvious, such a-the purely economical ones . . . Moreover, cases also o m where micromethods, because of their simplicity. reliability, or speed, are superior to the macromethods.. .. One is often able t o control substances .whose explosiveness has, up t o now, caused all scientists to recoil from their investigation." CORNBLL UNIVERSITY "Every chemist who possesses a microIm&c&Nsw Yoscope can carry out qualitative microanalysis (inorginic or organic), and where Microchemical Laboratory Manual. FRI~DRICH EMICE, Dr.Phi1.H.C.. Dr.- a microbalance is available, quantitative 1ng.E.H.. Professor a t the Technische (inorganic) determinations are possible." Quantitative organic microanalysis is Hochschule of Graz, W. Mitglied der Akademie der Wissenschaften, Vienna. not presented in this manual. With a section on Spot Analysis by Interest in the microchemical methods is FRITZFEIGL, Privatdozent a t the Uni- increasing and soon all students of chemversity of Vienna. Translated by FRANK istry will be acquainted with them and SCHNEIDBR.Sc.M. John Wiley and will use them in conjunction with the Sons, Inc.. New York City. 1932. xvi macromethods. Each has its place. 180 pp. 14.5 X 23 cm. S . 0 0 . This manual is designed primarily as a Many chemists in the United States, laboratory text and will be welcomed as when referring t o "Microchemistry," con- such by teachers who are now giving insider only the development of organic struction in microchemical methods in quantitative microanalysis by Professor colleges and universities in this country. Fritz Pregl. This is due largely to the Students of chemistry who do not or did award of the Nobel Prize, as well as to the not have such instruction available will rapid adoption of the methods by in- welcome the manual as a means of selfvestigators in the biological fields, who instruction. "The book is divided into two parts. continually meet with small amounts of organic substances in their studies. I t I n the first (general) part, Apparatus and was the knowledge and appreciation of the Methods are described: in the second value of the e d e r and more compre- (specific) part, the application t o a series of hensive work of Professor Emich and co- special cases is demonstrated." Extensive and comprehensive references workers that led Professor Pregl t o develop quantitative organic microanalysis to the major publications in the field inwhen he obtained only a small amount of a crease the value of the manual. Thanks new organic substance after a lengthy and are due to Mr. Schneider, not only for the tedious work involved in translation, but tedious investigation of the bile acids. "The purpose of micromethods is t o for the addition of references to papers work with small amounts of substances. . . appearing after the printing of the German in qualitative microanalysis 'drops' or edition, as well as the consideration given 'droplets' containing, e. g., about 0.001 t o suggestions made by American friends ma. during the course of the work of transla.of active substance are fully adequate: quantitativemicroanalyskisusuallywithin tion. The manual is published in the attracthe range of 2-10 mg. of substance, and
milk, and butter, and fire assaying, The discussions are well written snd concise with numerous references to the original literature. The directions for the laboratory exercises are very dear and definite and no student should have any difficulty in carrying out the various determinations. With the variety of work presented any student who completes the work outlined should have a very gwd conception of the field of quantitative analysis. M. L. NICHOLS
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tive form used by John Wilep and Sons, Inc. Space does notpermit of a detailed review and it does not seem necessary, as every American chemist will want to be personally acquainted with any book by such an eminent authority and teacher as Professor Emich. RALPn T. K. CORNWELT.
particular, (1) in the paragraphs appearing in Chapter I under the heading "Theory of Solutions" i t could logically be shown what modification of the Arrhenius theory is now necessary. But no mention is made of the effect of interionic forces on the mobilities of the ions, and of the fact that even far weak electrolytes the simple AlA , ratio does not give the true degree of dissociation. (2) I n connection with the colorimetric method and the quinhydrone electrode salt effects arc discussed, with Hydrogen Ions. HUBERT T. S. B n r r r o ~ , the presentation of many data, hut no B.Sc.Bristo1. D.I.C., F.I.C., Lecturer in fundamental treatment of these effects is Physical Chemistry, University College given. (3) Although the author conof the South-West of England, Exeter. stantly speaks of pH as the logarithm of Second edition. D. Van Nostrand Co., the reciprocal of the hydrogen-ion concen589 tration, he bases its determination upon Inc., New York City, 1932. xvi pp. 124 Figs. 13 X 22 m. $9.00. the electrometric method. He makes no attempt to explain the confusion arising I n the preface t o the first edition the from the employment of several definitions author states that he has endeavored: of pH. (4) The kinetic method of deter"firstly, to provide a practical discussion mining hydrogen-ion concentration is of the various eledrometric and coloriomitted. (5) The extended theory of metric methods of determining the concenacids and bases is not considered. tration of hydrogen ions; secondly, t o I n spite of its failure t o present conshow the fundamental importance of hysistently and dearly the theory underlying drogen-ion concentrations in general chemthe determination of hydrogen-ion canistry, including volumetric and gravimetric centiation, the book has much to recomanalytical procedures; and, finally, t o mend it. For one desiring practical inindicate the important r6Ies played by formation about the determination of pH, hydrogen-ion concentrations in numerous its value as a control in analvtical chemindustrial chemical processes, and how the istry and in numerous industrial processes, various methods of measuring hydrogen"Hydrogen Ions." second edition, is a ion concentrations have been employed for storehouse of information. the purpose of control." I n the preface to MARTIN KILPATRICK, JR. the second edition he states, "Every effort UNIVBRS~TY on PBNNSYLVANIA has been made. . .to bring the matter upPHILADBLPHIA, PBNNA to-date in all of its many ramifications. I n view of the inneasing acceptance of the The Donnan Equilibria and Their ApplicaDebye-Huckel-Lewis theory of electrotion to Chemical, Physiological, and lytes, a chapter has been inserted in this Technical Processes. T. R. BOLAM. edition (Chapter XI) which aims a t proM.Sc. (Bristol), D.Sc. (Edinburgh), viding an adequate discussion of the theLecturer in Chemistry in the University ory, inasmuch as i t relates t o the several of Edinburgh. G Bell & Sons. Ltd., factors involved in the study of the acLondon, 1932. vii 154 pp. 14 X tivity of hydrogen ions " 22 cm. 9s. net. If the subject is to be brought up-to-date it is not sufficient, in the opinion of the As stated in the preface this book gives reviewer, t o insert a chapter on the Debye- the *st detailed survey, with references to Hiickel theory, neglecting modern theevery development of importance, of the ory throughout the rest of the book. I n whole subject of the "Doman Equilibria!'
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