NEW BOOKS niques are described in the third part of the book and directions are given for calibration and use of hot and cold stages and hot bars, for characterization and identification of organic compounds, estimation of purity, methods of puri fication, analysis of mixtures, deter mination of composition diagrams, and study of polymorphism. Four analyti cal tables are given at the end of the book to aid the analyst in identification of organic compounds.
cult to assign. Thus, for example, the possibility of titrating many inorganic salts as bases in acetic acid was first pointed out in a publication from the reviewer's laboratory, not as shown on page 91. In a text of this sort a certain number of errors are bound to creep in. In brief, Professor Stone's text represents an important contribution to the field and the reviewer, for one, will make good use of it.
Determination of Organic Compounds.
Modern Instruments in Chemical Analysis. Frank M. Bigen and William Seaman, ix + 333 pages. McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, Ν. Υ., 1956. i7.50. Re
K. G. Stone, ν + 233 pages. McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., 330 West 42nd St., New York 36, Ν. Υ., 1956. $5. Reviewed by T. HiGUCHI, University of Wisconsin.
viewed by G. D. PATTEBSON, JR.,
E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc. According to the publisher, this book is primarily intended as an introductory text for the field of organic analysis from the standpoint of functional groups. A chapter each is devoted to the determination of water, hydrocar bons, alcohols, carbonyls, carboxylic acids and derivatives, phenol, nitro compounds, amine and amine salts, sul fur compounds, and finally miscellane ous groups. Since Professor Stone at Michigan State is probably one of the very few persons in the country actually offering laboratory work devoted pri marily to this area, the methods de scribed appear to have been tested experimentally. However, several questionable proce dures are presented. Thus, for ex ample, on page 118 a mixture of potas sium hydroxide, potassium carboxylate, and an amine is analyzed by titration with a standard hydrochloric acid solu tion successively to phenolphthalein and to bromophenol blue end point. The statement is made that the method is useful for anilides (following hydroly sis). The method does not seem to be feasible in view of the fact that amines such as ethanolamine would be sub stantially in their base form at the phenolphthalein end point. If aniline is present, it would possess a basicity comparable to that of the carboxylate ion and would not be differentially titrated. On page 170, there is a misleading statement which the author obviously did not mean, to the effect that "most aromatic amines are less basic than water." On page 88 a suggestion is made that solvents other than isopropyl ether can be used in a liquid-liquid par tition method for analysis of mixed monocarboxylic acids. This can lead to difficulties, as these acids exist as dimers in many common solvents. Credit for research work done in this field is diffi-
A need has been filled by this new book in providing the general analytical chemist with a brief authoritative sum mary of modern instrumental tech niques of proved utility. Arranged in a logical sequence of 14 chapters, the book does assume a knowledge in the reader of basic physics and physical chemistry. Not intended for the pro fessional instrumentalist or chemical analytical specialist (except perhaps to acquaint him with fields outside his par ticular speciality), it treats each field briefly from the viewpoint of the funda mental phenomena involved, historical development (very briefly), operational techniques and instruments (including the commercially available ones), quali tative and quantitative aspects, ad vantages and limitations, and some applications (including several specific ones). The following topics are included: emission spectroscopy, flame photom etry, visual, ultraviolet, and infrared spectrophotometry, Raman spectros copy, mass spectrometry, x-ray dif fraction (and fluorescence), polarography, amperometrie titrimetrjr, potentiometry, conductometry, coulometry, and radioactivity. Particularly strong are the chapters on emission and flame spectroscopy, visual and ultra violet spectrophotometry (drawing heavily from Mellon's authoritative work), and electroanalytical techniques. The terminology is refreshingly accu rate and precise without indulging in wordy or obscure phrases, although the reviewer must object to the retention of the archaic spelling of "burette." Furthermore, this book will aid the general analytical chemist in his con sulting duties by providing a reference he may cite in answering inquiries from his coworkers in research or production chemistry.
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33 A
