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T H E J O U R N A L OF I N D U S T R I A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G C H E M I S T R Y .
Dec., 1911
supplied by the Department of Finance places the production remain ~ , ~ ~ ~ , o o o , o o ofeet , o oofo timber in Canada at a very of iron in Japan for 1910at 71,963tons, valued at $1,410,685. conservative estimate. The highest estimate that has been The average production for the past IO years has been 50,030 made hitherto, that given by the conservation commission, tons, valued at $1,010,529,b u t the output has been increasing, placm the amount of saw timber and pulp wood in Canada ai the figures for 1901having been 32,455 tons, valued at $602,196. 494,600,000,000feet and I, ~oo,ooo,ooocords, respectively.” During 1910 Japan imported pig iron to the extent of 117,227 The forest area of Canada has been variously estimated by tons, valued at $1,675,371, of which 98 per cent. came from experts from time to time, but the above figures seem t o be the Great Britain, and less than one-tenth of I per cent. from the most accurate the Government ever issued on the subject. United States. The remainder was divided between China, Sweden and Germany, in that order. Japan also imports iron ores, 208,191 tons having been received in 1910,with a value of $579,819,of which China supplied 61 per cent., Korea 35 per cent., and Great Britain 3 per cent., the I per cent. remaining coming from other countries.
CL AY-PRODUCTS EXPOSITION. An exposition covering the clay-products industries will be held in Chicago, March 7 t o 12, 1912,and the early plans promise the most complete display of the various lines comprised in this industry that ever has been provided. A t the time of the exposition there will be a number of conCANADA’S TIMBER RESOURCES. ventions of organizationswhich are allied with the clay-products An official publication of the Dominion forestry branch of industries. Among those which, according t o the Construction the Department of the Interior says: “The original timber News, will meet at this time are the National Brick Manuarea, omitting semitreeless lands, was approximately 1,900,000 facturers’Association, the National Paving Brick Manufacturers’ square miles; 98,000 square miles have been cleared for settle- Association, the Building Brick Association of America, the ment, and 100,ooosquare miles have been cut over by lumbermen, Clay Machinery Manufacturers’ Association, the American leaving a timbered area yet untouched of 1,702,000square miles. Ceramic Society, the Illinois Clay Workers’ Association, and the Assuming’the average of 3,000 feet per acre, there should yet Middle West Clay Workers’ Association.
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BOOK REVIEWS.
Modern Industrial Chemistry. By H. BLOCHER. Translated from German by J. P. MILLINGTON. 779 pages. 15 full page illustrations;2 5 pages advertisements. Gresham Publishing Co., London. D. Van Nostrand Co., New York. Price, $7.50 net. This book is obviously not intended for use as a text-book, but is essentially, on account of the arrangement of material and range of subjects, a small reference encyclopedia. Subjects are arranged in alphabetical order and the author has exercised a startling liberty in selecting material for discussion under the general title of Modern Industrial Chemistry. In this connection one is somewhat surprised t o find space given t o such subjects a s Accidents, including directions for “Treatment of Frozen People,” “Sunstroke,” “Poisoning,” etc. Granting that these are important directions t o have within the reach of factory chemists, it is not likely they would think of looking in a volume on Industrial Chemistry for such emergency information. Artificial Diamonds (page 219) has been given almost a page, with no qualifications as t o the commercial importance of this as a n industry. The lack of a sense of proportion so common in works on Industrial Chemistry is one of the most conspicuous features of this book. Industries of little or no productive or typical value are discussed a t length, while some of our greatest industrial propositions are dismissed with a paragraph or two. At least half of the material is general descriptive d a t a , t o be found in text-books on chemistry or physics. Ambiguity is a conspicuous feature in many of the statements. I t is doubtful if a clear conception of a filter-press would be established in any one’s “A mind by reading this description (page 2 7 4 ) :
filter-press consists of a series of boxes between two strong head-pieces, one movable and one fixed (the ‘latter on stand), resting on two strong side spindles and lined with some suitable filtering material.” Again, the statement is made, under Cellulose (page 150): “Among the fiber substitutes used in the manufacture of paper, mechanical wood pulp and cellulose should be mentioned. For the former Cf-WOOD. Cellulose differs from wood pulp in t h a t i t is a pure chemical product free from impurities.” The subject of Cement is disposed of in less than two pages. The statements are so involved, and so far from representing the modern industrial practice, t h a t it would be a calamity to have this fall into the hands of a student or one seeking general information on this important industry. Under the heading of “Gaseous Fuels” (page 287), the author enumerates coal gas, oil gas, wood gas, producer gas, and acetylene. The reviewer is not familiar with the use of acetylene for fuel purposes, b u t recalls t h a t millions of cubic feet of natural gas (not mentioned) are used annually. Patents are frequently referred t o by numbers and country, and the quantity of such references creates a doubt as t o their real importance in the advancement of the industry under consideration. Frequent reference is also made in the notes, t o advertisers who have taken space in the 2 5 pages of the book devoted t o t h a t purpose. The reviewer is a t a loss t o determine just what is the purpose of such a book. The collection of a n indiscriminate lot of general physical and chemical data, much of which is simple definition, compiled without regard t o the commercial importance of the
Dec., 1911
T H E JOURIVAL OF I N D U S T R I A L A N D EArGIAVEERING C H E N I S T R Y .
subject under discussion, with very few attempts t o describe or illustrate the logical steps of manufacture, and arranged in alphabetical “illogicalness,” is obviously unlikely t o produce a book on Modern Industrial Chemistry. Such a book would have a doubtful value, either t o the lay reader, the student, or works manager. A preface b y the author or the translator might have suggested their views on this point, but we were denied this helpful suggestion, and instead favored with a monograph on the value of the work b y the publisher. M. C. WHITAKER.
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Wood Pulp and Its Uses. By C. F. CKOSS,E. J. BEVAXA N D R. W. SINDALL.251 pages. 35 illustrations. D. Van Nostrand Company, New York. 1911. Price, $2.00.
The authors have given in this book a general account of the evolution of the wood pulp industry.
As is to be expected, in covering a field as large as the uses of wood pulp, and presenting i t both t o the technical and general public, certain sections, as Chapter 11, reproduced in part from the “Researches on Cellulose,” is too technical for the latter. The authors indicate in the preface that they do not intend the book t o be a n exhaustive text-book of the subject; this explains why certain other sections are not more elaborated. Lubricating Oils, Fats and Greases. By GEORGEH. HURST. The work is divided into eleven chapters, as follows: Third Edition. Revised and enlarged by Henry Leask. 390 Chapter I: The Structural Elements of Wood. pp. Scott, Greenwood & Son, London. D. Van Nostrand Chapter 11: First, Cellulose as a Chemical IndiCompany, New York. 191I. Price, $4 00. vidual and Typical Colloid. Second, The Lignone This third edition of Hurst’s well-known book, while Complex, Lignocellulose ; Special Chemical Note on enlarged and improved, retains in the main the Autoxidation, and Researches of W. J. Russell. characteristics of the two former editions. It deals Chapter 111: Wood Pulps in Relation t o Sources with the subject as is natural, largely from the stand- of Supply: Forest Trees and Forestry. point of the English user of oils: the description in Chapter IV: The Manufacture of Mechanical Wood Chapter I11 of the Scotch Shale Oil Industry is full, Pulp. and is brought up t o a recent date while Chapter IV Chapter V : Chemical Wood Pulp. on Petroleum, though sufficiently complete for the Chapter VI: News and Printings. probable user of the work, takes little accdunt of the Chapter VI1 : Wood Pulp Boards. more recently developed fields of petroleum and the Chapter VI11 : The Utilization of Wood Waste. ’products peculiar to them. Chapter I X : Testing of Wood Pulp for Moisture. The chapter devoted t o Vegetable and Mineral Oils Chapter X : Wood Pulp and the Textile Industries. and Fats gives a good general view of the subject Chapter X I : Specimen Pages.-Various Types of although in many details, particularly in the state- Paper. This chapter consists of eleven specimen ments of the “Constants of Oil,” erroneous ideas would papers of varying composition, giving complete data be derived by the casual reader, as for example, the as to strength, weight, loading, size, etc. statement of the specific gravity of each oil in the A bibliography has also been included, which gives fourth place of decimals as though i t were a fixed and unchanging characteristic of the particular oil in ques- the character of subject matter of each book. Many tion. Something of the same fault may be found with of the calculations as t o cost, power consumption. thechapter on the Testing and Adulteration of Oils; statistics, etc., are of course based upon the English i t is not a t all clear from the text t h a t the analysis of a system and practice. The authors have succeeded in producing an inmixture of lubricating oils is of any different nature in the accuracy and certainty of the results of the analysis structive book on the numerous uses of wood pulp and waste wood, which is certain t o be of interest from the analysis of a n ordinary rock or mineral. On the whole the book is a useful one as a general t o the general public and the manufacturers of wood pulp and wood pulp articles. 0. KRESS. PARKER C. MCILHISEY. treatise on the subject.
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NEW PUBLICATIONS.
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B Y D. D. BBROLZHEIMPR. Librarian American Chemical Society.
Agricultural Chemistry, Yearbook on the Advances in-, By T. DIETRICH. Vol. XIII. L. ~vo.,619 pp. $5.50. Berlin, 1911. (German.) Albuminoids, Chemistry of the-. By 0. COHNHEIX 3d Ed. 8vo. $3.00. F. Vieweg & Sohn, Brunswick. (German.)
Analysis, Handbook of Organic-. 2 7 2 pp. $1.25. London, 1911.
By H. T. CLARKE. ~ v o . ,
Analysis, New Reduction Methods in Volumetric-. By E. KNECHT ASD E. HIBBERT.8vo. $1.25. New York, 1911.
Alloys, Composition of the Commoner-. By N. KAISER. L. ~ v o . z, 6 p p . $0.75. Halle, 1911. (German.)
Analysis, Technical Methods of Chemical-. By GEORGE LVXGE. Vol. 11. Translation. ~ v o . , 1294 pp. $15.75. Gurney & Jackson, London.
Analysis, The- and Examination of Agriculturally and Technically Important Substances. By J. KOENIG. 4th Ed. 8vo. $9.00. Berlin, 1911. (German.)
Analysis, The Technical- of Brass and the Non-ferrous Alloys. By IY.B. PRICEA N D R. K. MEADE. Izrno., 267 pp. $2.00. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
