Downloaded by 80.82.77.83 on May 18, 2017 | http://pubs.acs.org Publication Date: May 5, 1994 | doi: 10.1021/ba-1994-0240.fw001
Molecular and Biomolecular Electronics
Birge; Molecular and Biomolecular Electronics Advances in Chemistry; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1994.
Birge; Molecular and Biomolecular Electronics Advances in Chemistry; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1994.
Downloaded by 80.82.77.83 on May 18, 2017 | http://pubs.acs.org Publication Date: May 5, 1994 | doi: 10.1021/ba-1994-0240.fw001
ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY SERIES
240
Molecular and Biomolecular Electronics Robert R. Birge, EDITOR Downloaded by 80.82.77.83 on May 18, 2017 | http://pubs.acs.org Publication Date: May 5, 1994 | doi: 10.1021/ba-1994-0240.fw001
Syracuse University
Developed from a symposium sponsored by the Division of Biochemical Technology of the American Chemical Society at the Fourth Chemical Congress of N o r t h America (202nd National Meeting of the American Chemical Society), N e w York, N e w York, August 2 5 - 3 0 , 1991
A m e r i c a n C h e m i c a l S o c i e t y , W a s h i n g t o n , D C 1994
Birge; Molecular and Biomolecular Electronics Advances in Chemistry; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1994.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Chemical Congress of North America (4th; 1991; New York, N.Y.) Molecular and biomolecular electronics; developed from a symposium sponsored by the Division of Biochemical Technology at the Fourth Chemical Congress of North America (202nd National Meeting of the American Chemical Society), New York, New York, August 25-30, 1991 / Robert R. Birge, editor.
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p. cm.—(Advances in chemistry series, ISSN 0065-2393; 240). Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8412-2698-9 1. Molecular electronics. materials.
2. Biochemical engineering.
I. Birge, Robert R. II. American Chemical Society. Technology. III. Title. IV. Series. QD1.A355 no. 240 [TK7874.8] 540 s—dc20 [621.381]
3. Biomedical
Division of Biochemical
94-28455 CIP
The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. Copyright ©1994 American Chemical Society All Rights Reserved. The appearance of the code at the bottom of the first page of each chapter in this volume indicates the copyright owner's consent that reprographic copies of the chapter may be made for personal or internal use or for the personal or internal use of specific clients. This consent is given on the condition, however, that the copier pay the stated per-copy fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 27 Congress Street, Salem, M A 01970, for copying beyond that permitted by Sections 107 or 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law. This consent does not extend to copying or transmission by any means—graphic or electronic—for any other purpose, such as for general distribution, for advertising or promotional purposes, for creating a new collective work, for resale, or for information storage and retrieval systems. The copying fee for each chapter is indicated in the code at the bottom of the first page of the chapter. The citation of trade names and/or names of manufacturers in this publication is not to be construed as an endorsement or as approval by ACS of the commercial products or services referenced herein; nor should the mere reference herein to any drawing, specification, chemical process, or other data be regarded as a license or as a conveyance of any right or permission to the holder, reader, or any other person or corporation, to manufacture, reproduce, use, or sell any patented invention or copyrighted work that may in any way be related thereto. Registered names, trademarks, etc., used in this publication, even without specific indication thereof, are not to be considered unprotected by law.
PRINTED I N T H E U N I T E D STATES O F A M E R I C A
Birge; Molecular and Biomolecular Electronics Advances in Chemistry; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1994.
1994 Advisory Board A d v a n c e s i n C h e m i s t r y Series
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M . Joan C o m s t o c k ,
Series Editor
Robert J. Alaimo Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals
Douglas R. L l o y d The University of Texas at Austin
Mark A r n o l d University of Iowa
C y n t h i a A . Maryanoff R. W . Johnson Pharmaceutical Research Institute
D a v i d Baker University of Tennessee Arindam Bose Pfizer Central Research Robert F . Brady, Jr. Naval Research Laboratory Margaret A . Cavanaugh National Science Foundation Arthur B. Ellis University of Wisconsin at Madison Dennis W . Hess Lehigh University Hiroshi Ito IBM Almaden Research Center Madeleine M . Joullie University of Pennsylvania Lawrence P. Klemann Nabisco Foods Group Gretchen S. K o h l Dow-Corning Corporation Bonnie Lawlor Institute for Scientific Information
Julius J. M e n n Western Cotton Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture Roger A . Minear University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Vincent Pecoraro University of Michigan Marshall Phillips Delmont Laboratories George W . Roberts North Carolina State University A . Truman Schwartz Macalaster College John R. Shapley University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign L . Somasundaram DuPont Michael D . Taylor Parke-Davis Pharmaceutical Research Peter Willett University of Sheffield (England)
Birge; Molecular and Biomolecular Electronics Advances in Chemistry; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1994.
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FOREWORD
The A D V A N C E SINCHEMISTRYSERIESwas founded in 1949 by the American Chemical Society as an outlet for symposia and collections of data in special areas of topical interest that could not be accommodated in the Society's journals. It provides a medium for symposia that would otherwise be fragmented because their papers would be distributed among several journals or not published at all. Papers are reviewed critically according to ACS editorial standards and receive the careful attention and processing characteristic of ACS publications. Volumes in the Advances i n Chemistry Series maintain the integrity of the symposia on which they are based; however, verbatim reproductions of previously published papers are not accepted. Papers may include reports of research as well as reviews, because symposia may embrace both types of presentation.
Birge; Molecular and Biomolecular Electronics Advances in Chemistry; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1994.
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ABOUT THE EDITOR R. BIRGE is professor of chemistry, director of the W. M. Keck Center for Molecular Electronics, and research director of the New York State Center for Advanced Technology in Computer Applications and Software Engineering at Syracuse University. His research interests include the application of nonlinear laser spectroscopy and quantum theory to the study of light-transducing proteins and the development of protein-based molecular electronic devices. Birge serves on the editorial boards of Nanotechnology, BioSpectroscopy, and Supramolecular Science, and has cochaired advisory panels for the National Institutes of Health and the National Academy of Sciences. Birge received his B.S. degree in chemistry from Yale University in 1968, his Ph.D. in chemical physics from Wesleyan University in 1972, and was a National Institutes of Health postdoctoral fellow at Harvard University from 1973 to 1975. He was an assistant and associate professor of chemistry at the University of California, Riverside (1975-1984) and served as professor and head of the Chemistry Department at Carnegie Mellon University (1984-1987). He joined the faculty at Syracuse University in 1988. ROBERT
Birge; Molecular and Biomolecular Electronics Advances in Chemistry; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1994.
