~ i eI .- rercoi.lties
WIX
Pig. 2 ~ ~ .*I,on ~ siel-, ;
most compact. The disadvantages of t h e original apparatus are the small size of the crucible employed and the difficulty of percolation through an asbestos pad. For many years an apparatus has been in use in this laboratory modeled after the original Wiley apparatus, hut modified so as to adapt it t o more general use. In Fig. i is shown the percolating form of the apparatus. The glass tube is of Jma glass z in. inside diameter and I I in. high; the upper surface of the flange is ground to a plane surface; the cup is of aluminum, 3 T/Z in. high and T r / z in. in diameter; the bottom is perforated with 3/16-in. holes. This cup takes the S. & S. extraction shell 33 X So mm. N o inner cup is used for weighing purposes, as this would complicate the apparatus. The condenser is 4 in. long. The percolating form of extractor can he used for all extractions to which percolation is ordinarily applied. Fig. 2 shows the siphon type of extractor, and Fig. 3 shows the inner parts of the siphon type. The siphon cup is I i/z in. in diameter and 3 I / Z in. deep. I t is made of nickel-plated brass and has the ordinary siphon tube attached. The inner diameter of the siphon tube is I/S in., as larger tubes do not siphon satisfactorily. I n using the siphon apparatus i t is best to trim off a little of the upper edge of the extraction shell in order t o cause it to set deeper into the cup. This apparatus is, in the writers' opinion, by far the simplest and most adaptable of all forms of extraction apparatus. There are no joints and no opportunities for breakage. The extracted residue is, of course, weighed outside the extraction apparatus in a tared beaker or flask. One or the other form of this apparatus has been
Fig. 3,--Sii>1,on type, inner parts.
uscd for the extraction of tankage, cotton seed meats and meals, meat and sausages, soap, etc., etc., and has been found very satisfactory in all cases. The apparatus is made by E. H.. Sargent and Co., Chicago. LABOR*TORY OF S W l P I
& COMPANY.
CHIC*c*. A SUBSTITUTE FOR TEE BLAST LAMP. BY W. A . E n ~ s i . Received November 8 . 1911.
The chemist is often required to have a flame which is hotter than the flame from an ordinary Bunsen burner. He can, of course, resort to the blast lamp, hut blast lamps, where compressed air is available, are not met with, in most laboratories, and the chemist is obliged t o make use of the foot bellows, which, i t is well-known, is inconvenient and cumbersome. The writer, on looking around for some method by which a hotter flame could be produced by the ordinary Bunsen burner, discovered that by making a simple little change in the chimney €or a Bunsen burner, an intensely hot flame, almost equal t o the blast lamp, could he produced. This flame will be found sufficient for all ordinary purposes, such as making fusions, ignitions, etc. The accompanying diagram is self-explanatory. A small wire nail is inserted about one inch above the bottom of the burner chimney, and a small wire or staple hung over the nail; this is allowed t o go part way into the burner. The height which the nail and staple must be from the burner, must he lound for each individual lamp, hut can he regulated by moving the chimney up or down b y the aid of the burner star. When once the proper height is obtained, all that is
122
T H E J O U R N A L OF I N D U S T R I A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G C H E M I S T R Y .
necessary t o convert the Bunsen into a blast lamp is t o turn on the full force of the gas. An ordinary
\
Mar., 1912
for filtering by suction, by which portions of the filtrate or washings may be kept separate. The apparatus is especially serviceable when a large number of filtrations are t o be made, as in the determination of potash in which it is desirable t o keep the excess of platinum chloride solution and alcohol for recovery separate from the ammonium chloride washings. I t consists of a three-way stopcock, a carbon filter, and suction flasks connected as shown. The arm A, a t a distance of 6 cm. from the cock, is bent t o form the “ U , ” F so that it would extend upward and rest in the joint of the cock. The free end of this arm, A, is cut off about 2 cm. above the U,” giving sufficient length to make the connection t o the filter H with the rubber connection G. The filter H may be made secure by binding to the cock with a small copper wire. The arms B and C are bent parallel t o the arm A 3 or 4 cm. from their ends, these en’ds then being passed through rubber stoppers which fit the suction flasks D and E. The suction flasks are connected to the same pump by means of a “Y.” By adjusting the three-holed stopper of the stopcock the filtrate or washings may be directed into either or both flasks as desired. I‘
Xzchst6t ut c
FOR T h e BZast
Lamp
flame can be maintained with the chimney in position, by simply reducing the flow of gas. The best results will be obtained if the nail and staple are kept well within the inner cone of the flame.
CHEMICAL LABORATORY, ALABAMAPOLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE. AUBURN,ALA.
LABORATORY ATLANTIC& GULF PORTLAND CEMENTCo., RAGLAND, ALABAMA.
AN IMPROVEMENT ON THE KJELDAHL DISTILLING APPARATUS.
A CONVENIENT FILTERING APPARATUS. By C. S. WILLIAMS. JR. Received Oct. 28, 1911.
The accompanying diagram shows a n apparatus
By W. L. HADLOCK. Received Nov. 6 . 1911.
The improvement is essentially a movable support for the flasks. As shown in the cut, the flask rests upon a sheet of galvanized iron, in one end of which is a hole t o re-
ceive the flask. This sheet is attached, by means of two stove bolts, t o a framework of heavy galvanized iron wire (No. 4, B. & S. gauge). The framework makes one turn around a three-quarter inch pipe and
