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Thursday, November 1, 2012
Finance 201 – Startup Equity: What Investors Want Joseph Steig Teresa Esser David Miller
Thursday, November 8, 2012
Doctoral Glut Dilemma: Are There Solutions? Richard Freeman Paula Stephan Patricia Simpson
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[email protected] ACS WEBINARS™ October 25, 2012
Nanomaterials and the Quantum World Around Us
Dr. Bill Coish McGill University
Dr. Darren Griffin University of Kent
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[email protected] Nanomaterials and the Quantum World Around Us
Bill Coish
ACS Webinar Thursday, 25 Oct. 2012
Q1: What was the topic of the 2012 Nobel Prize in Physics? (a) The Higgs boson (b) The discovery of the accelerating expansion of the universe (c) Manipulation of individual quantum systems (d) Graphene
Serge Haroche
David J. Wineland
Nobel 2012: "for ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems"
Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics
Serge Haroche
Manipulation of Trapped Ions
David J. Wineland
“Spukhafte Fernwirkung” =“Spooky action-at-a-distance” (1935): E. Schrödinger
“Spukhafte Fernwirkung” =“Spooky action-at-a-distance” (1935): E. Schrödinger
Schrödinger's Cat
=
+
Building a cat one atom at a time... Excited atom Un-excited atom
Building a cat one atom at a time... Excited atom Un-excited atom =
...
+
N atoms World record (2011): N=14 atoms (Innsbruck)
...
Building a cat one atom at a time... Excited atom Un-excited atom =
...
+
...
N atoms World record (2011): N=14 atoms (Innsbruck)
Real cat: N = 1024 = 1 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 atoms!!
What keeps us from making a big cat?ts
Decoherence! The `classical´ world:
What keeps us from making a big cat?ts
Decoherence! The `classical´ world:
The quantum world:
Why go to all the trouble?ts Quantum Technologies Quantum Simulations
Why go to all the trouble?ts Quantum Technologies Quantum Simulations
Quantum Communication
Why go to all the trouble?ts Quantum Technologies Quantum Simulations
Quantum Communication
Quantum Computation
Quantum “Spinoff” Technologies Quantum Logic Clock Quantum Biosensors
Quantum “Spinoff” Technologies Quantum Logic Clock Quantum Biosensors Basic understanding of biology? Avian compass? Quantum coherence in photosynthesis
Computing and communication Efficient computing
Peter Shor (MIT)
Secure communication
Gilles Brassard (Montréal)
Charles Bennett (IBM)
Quantum computer: Why would this work? Quantum bit (“qubit”):
Quantum bits
=”0”
Possible States
=”1”
Classical bits
1
1, 0
21=2
2
11, 00, 10, 01
22=4
3
111, 000, 100, 010,...
23=8
10
11...1,11...0,...
210=1024
20
11...1,11...0,...
220=1 Mb
30
11...1,11...0,...
230=1 Gb
40
11...1,11...0,...
240=1 Tb
100
11...1,11...0,... Google processes about 24 petabytes/day ~ 256 bits
2100
Quantum Communication Message (blue) Cryptographic Key (red)
11001010010 +01011001001 10010011011
10010011011 +01011001001 11001010010
Bob
Alice
Q2: Which of the following materials has recently been used to perform a quantum algorithm at room temperature? (a) Gold (b) Quantum dots (c) Diamond (d) Graphene
Electron spins in diamond: A very small quantum computer
T. van der Sar et al., Nature 484, 82 (2012)
Other ways of isolating spin: Semiconductor quantum dots
Colloidal quantum dots
Self-assembled quantum dots
`Gated' quantum dots
Problem: One spin sees many
Many isotopes have non-zero nuclear spin!
Q3: What is the longest measured lifetime for quantum coherence of electron spins in the solid state? (a) ~10-9 second = 1 ns (b) ~10-3 second = 1 ms (c) ~1 second (d) 1 hour
Remove the environmental spins? Spin of a donor atom in highly pure 28Si behaves almost like it's in 'vacuum'
Lifetime of quantum states:
Avogadro crystal: Highly pure 28Si
A. M. Tyryshkin et al., Nature Materials 11, 143 (2012)
A new quantum silicon race?
Colloidal dots
Si:SiGe nanowire quantum dots
Gated Si quantum dots
Carbon?
nanotubes
12
C has no nuclear spin
defects in diamond
graphene
How far have we come? Quantum Computers:
Up to ~10 qubits
Quantum Communication: Up to ~100 km
A quantum playground Computing and information technology
The avian compass
Single Spin (Quantum Coherence)
Photosynthesis Solar energy
Thanks for joining in!
ª
ACS WEBINARS™ October 25, 2012
Nanomaterials and the Quantum World Around Us
Dr. Bill Coish McGill University
Dr. Darren Griffin University of Kent
Download the presentation ONE WEEK after webinar: http://acswebinars.org/nanomaterials-2012 Contact ACS Webinars™at
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Thursday, November 1, 2012
Finance 201 – Startup Equity: What Investors Want Joseph Steig Teresa Esser David Miller
Thursday, November 8, 2012
Doctoral Glut Dilemma: Are There Solutions? Richard Freeman Paula Stephan Patricia Simpson
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[email protected] CHEMISTRY HAIKUS FROM ACS LISTENERS "Finding air flow rate Oh! Convective heat transfer You make fluids hot.” Amanda
"Still too small to see. . . Bonds beneath the microscope. AFM sneaks up!” David Mork
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