By 1970, Demand for Scientists and Engineers will Nearly Double . . . . . . In the Total Civilian Economy
. . . And in the Chemical Industry
"Figures in parentheses are the number of each group expected to be needed in 1970. Source: National Science Foundation and the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Need for Technical Men to Double by 1970 Demand for chemists will be up 72% over 1959, according to BLS projections By 1970, the U.S. economy will need almost twice as many scientists and engineers as it employed in 1959, according to a projection made by the Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics. The specific figures: 1,484,000 engineers and 548,000 scientists by 1970, compared with 783,000 engineers and 313,000 scientists in 1959. All segments of the economy will need more scientists and engineers in 1970—private industry, education, government, and nonprofit organizations. Among private industries, mining will increase its need for scientists and engineers by the biggest percentage—about 160%. Manufacturing companies will need twice as many scientists and engineers in 1970 as they employed in 1959, with the electrical equipment makers' demand expected to show the greatest increase—nearlv 128%. The chemical
industry's demand for engineering and scientific personnel will go up about 82% to a total of 151,500. In total employment of scientists and engineers, the chemical industry ranked third in 1959, with 83,100 scientists and engineers on its payrolls. BLS projections indicate that in 1970 it will continue to rank third, behind manufacturers of transportation equipment and electrical equipment. Other manufacturing industries that will more than double their demand for scientists and engineers by 1970 are: paper and allied products, fabricated metal products and ordnance, transportation equipment, and professional and scientific instruments. Colleges and universities are expected to need 38,100 engineers and 138,300 scientists by 1970, compared with 1959 totals of 24,200 engineers and 88,000 scientists. The Federal Government's needs are expected to
grow from 1959's total of 53,900 engineers and 47,500 scientists to 77,700 engineers and 86,600 scientists. State and local governments employed 52,200 engineers and 17,300 scientists in 1959; they'll need 91,900 engineers and 30,800 scientists by 1970. Chemistry will continue to attract more scientists than any other branch of science, if the BLS projections prove true. Chemists totaled about 95,000 in 1959; by 1970, the economy will need 163,200. Biggest percentage increases in demand will be shown for mathematicians (107%) and physicists ( 1 0 3 % ) . Can Demand Be Met? BLS found that, if present trends in education continue, there will probably be enough scientists to meet the 1970 demand. But, it warns, there may be shortages of scientists who have graduate degrees. Also, it expects shortages in some fields of science. In engineering, the picture is not so encouraging. BLS says a higher proportion of college students will have to take up engineering than are doing so now. The BLS study was made for the National Science Foundation. DEC.
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BRIEFS Gulf Oil plans to sell its line of consumer specialty products in supermarkets and grocery stores by early next year. The products will be distributed through food brokerage firms. Gulf has also appointed new field representatives in each of its 16 marketing divisions to help boost sales of specialty items. Gulf's specialty products include insecticides, waxes, household oil, and lighter fluid.
Perkln-Elmer w i l l acquire 8 0 % of the stock of Solid State Materials Corp.,
East Natick, Mass. SSM specializes in the development and production of solid state crystals, including crystals for optical masers. It will be operated as a P-E subsidiary.
DEPENDABLE ACCURACY Wavelength: 5A Photometric: 0.005 at 4A CRITICAL REPEATABILITY Wavelength: 2A Photometric: 0.003 PRACTICAL WAVELENGTH RANGE 200m-700ma CONSTANT NARROW BAND PASS Standard: 5A and 50A Special order: 2Aand 50A LOW STRAY LIGHT 0.1% at220ma RAPID SCANNING 6 different speeds, from approximately 1 minute to 10 minutes
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Upjohn has set up a new unit for marketing agricultural chemicals. Named Michigan Agricultural Co., it will sell products to the livestock and poultry industries through farm and feed stores. First product to be marketed is Albamix, an antibiotic for treating staphlococcal infections in turkeys. The new unit is headquartered in Richland, Mich.
NEW FACILITIES U.S. Rubber has completed an expansion at its Gastonia, N.C., plant for the production of Vyrene, the company's new spandex thread. The expansion increases capacity by 50 r /r. A previous expansion, completed in August, doubled the plant's capacity. U.S. Rubber started to make Vyrene early last year. The company says it may expand Vyrene capacity again next year.
Swift & Co. has completed a phosphoric acid plant south of Bartow, Fla., in the same area where the company mines phosphate rock and makes triple superphosphate. Dorr-Oliver Engineering built the plant. Swift also expects to complete a contact sulfuric acid plant at the same site next April.
NAME, TITLE ...
Made in America, to the world's highest standards.
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Wyandotte Chemicals has awarded a contract to Fluor-Singmaster & Breyer to design and build a propyl-
cue oxide plant at Wyandotte, Mich. Completion is scheduled lor next July. General Electric has started operating a new $1 million plant at Waterford, N.Y., producing new types of intermediate silicone chemicals. Leonard Construction has completed work on a Leonard-Monsanto contact sulfuric acid plant for U.S. Phosphoric Products at Tampa, Fla. Mallinckrodt Chemical Works has started operating its new barium sulfate plant in St. Louis, Mo. The
C&EN PROGRESS REPORT
plant, which cost over $500,000, makes barium sulfate for x-ray diagnosis.
Monsanto Chemical has awarded the construction and design engineering contract for its ammonia plant at Muscatine, Iowa, to C. F. Braun Co. The plant, when completed next fall, will have a capacity of 200 tons per day of ammonia (C&EN, Sept. 11, page 29).
Freeport Sulphur will add a second production platform at its Grand Isle sulfur mine, seven miles off the Louisi-
ana coast. The 1500-foot extension, which w ill bring the over-all length of the structure to 4076 feet, will make it possible to drill 108 more wells. Cost will be about S3.5 million, bringing total cost of the project to S30 million. Construction will begin next summer; operation is to begin in 1963.
Dixie Chemical Co. has a new utility fractionating facility in operation at its Houston, Tex., plant. The company does custom processing of chemicals and petrochemicals. The new unit can process 2000 to 4000 pounds of raw material an hour.
EXPANSION IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
Here are companies making news last month, adding to the chemical process industries by . . PLANNING . . . Company and Site Air Reduction Co., Inc. Air Reduction Pacific Co. Richmond, Calif. Allied Chemical Corp. Union Texas Natural Gas Corp. Allied-Union Texas Petrochemicals Geismar, La. Baird Chemical Industries, Inc. Peoria, III. Borg-Warner Corp. Marbon Chemical division Baytown, Tex. Cities Service Co. Lake Charles, La.
Plant or Unit High purity hydrogen
Remarks Plant to be in operation next April. cost $1 million
Ethylene, propylene, other olefins, and aromatics
When completed in mid-1963, plant will handle 20,000 to 25,000 barrels of liquid feedstocks daily
Thiourea Styrene monomer
Capacity to be 75 million pounds a year when completed early in 1963
Propylene
Badger Mfg. will complete a 100 million pound-per-year propylene refining unit at existing refinery by next spring Capacity to be expanded. p-Nitro chlorobenzene expansion will be ready late in 1962. Others to be finished by mid-1962 To be in production within a year using crude tall oil from area's kraft pulp makers New unit should be ready by the second quarter of 1962 Boosting capacity by 25 to 3 0 %
E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc. Deepwater Point, N.J.
p-Nitrochlorobenzene, sodium phenolate, nitrophenol
Hercules Powder Co. Portland, Ore.
Rosins and fatty acids
Jefferson Chemical Co., Inc. Conroe, Tex. Koppers Co., Inc. Follansbee, W.Va. Chas. Pfizer & Co. Groton, Conn. Phillips Petroleum Co. Hansford County, Tex., and Dumas, Tex.
Piperazine
Southern States Co-operative Cotton Producers Association Tennessee Farmers Co-operative Farmers Co-operative Exchange Farmers Chemical Association, Inc. Chattanooga, Tenn.
Will
p-nitroand p-
Tar acid Monosodium glutamate Helium
Ammonia, nitric acid, and ammonium nitrate
Adding unit to make MSG by fermentation Combined output of two plants, to be on stream in January 1963, will be about 1 billion cubic feet a year. Helium to be extracted from natural gas Adding a 200 ton-per-day ammonia synthesis train and ammonium nitrate unit at Volunteer Ordnance Works, which is being leased from the Government
Continued on page 36 DEC.
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