NEW PRODUCTS Chemicals and Materials
Protective Maintenance Coating Because of a need for better coatings for its own process equipment which is exposed to corrosive environments, the Pennsalt Chemicals Corp. developed a protective coating exhibiting such outstanding properties that the company has decided to put it on the market. T h e coating, described by Pennsalt as a high build, chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbon is available as a stable emulsion of 17 ingredients with a minimum of 6001, solids, which has been given the brand name ThickCoat 99. Dissatisfied with the performance of the coatings then commercially available for service in its own plants, Pennsalt in 1950 first developed its own coating formulation (later known as Thick-Coat 99) and began to test it against 62 proprietary coatings and systems formulated from 10 different bases. More than 300 evaluations were made at plants in three areas of the country. By 1954, results were sufficiently encouraging for the company to apply the coating to all its tanks and supporting structures for sulfuric acid, anhydrous ammonia, and ferric chloride. No imminent failure can be seen today, 13 years later. Subsequent uses have confirmed the ability of Thick-Coat 99 to resist corrosive vapors such as chlorine, chlorates, sulfates, and caustic soda; in fact, says the company, 99% of the corrosive yapors experienced in any plant anywhere in the country will be successfully resisted. Moreover, Pennsalt's experience in its own plants has been that protective coating costs can be cut substantially. Average costs for protection of the chlorinated brine tanks in the photograph, over a IO-year period, were 11.7 cents/sq. ft./yr., compared with $l.O9/sq. ft./yr. with the previous coating method. Likewise, cost for protection of some anhydrous ammonia storage tanks was reduced from 52 cents to 8.6 cents/sq. ft./yr.; the figure ob70
tained using Thick-Coat 99 includes occasional touching u p during the 14-year cost calculation period. An important advantage of Thick-Coat 99, which contributes materially to its low cost per square foot, is that only two coats are needed on top of a primer coat to provide a 5-milthick protective layer. Conventional protective paints may require five or more coats to produce this thick a layer. One gallon of ThickCoat 99 can cover 240 sq. f t . of steel per coat. I t can be brushed, rolled, or sprayed on, and dries quickly; sand blast preparation, brush-on priming, and finish coating can be completed in 2 days. When it is sprayed on, Thick-Coat 99 is thinned to the extent of I pint of thinner per gallon. T h e coating
can be applied to metal, M ~ O O ~or, concrete and, of conventional coatings, only alkyd, oleoresinous, and phenolic coatings are slightly easier to apply. Pennsalt's Lockprime is recommended as a primer for Thick-Coat 99. Pennsalt was satisfied before marketing its new protective maintenance coating that it demonstrates outstanding resistance to corrosive atmospheres, constant exposure to sunlight, variations in temperature from -180" to 120" F., and high humidity. Thick-Coat 99 is available in 1- and 5-gallon cans at a cost of about $9.50 per gallon. T h e company is providing free to users a recommended maintenance program and simple record system. Pennsalt Chemicals Corp. 20 1
Chlorinated brine tanks Protected f r o m HCZ fumes by Thick-Gout 99
I N D U S T R I A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G CHEMISTRY
CERAMIC FIBER
ULTRAPURE PHOSPHORUS
ZINC OXIDE SINGLE CRYSTALS
Fiberfrax alumina-silica fiber has been modified to give a 2501, increase in insulating capability. Boric oxide content has been reduced from 1.2 to 0.5% and sodium oxide and ipon oxide contents are also reduced. T h e new fiber is intended for use as packing or thermal insulation where temperatures are continuously as high as 2300" F. Carborundum Co. 202
Phosphorus, red or white, with purity better than 99.999% is now available in research quantities. I t is used primarily as a dopant in the production of semiconductor devices. Packaging is in glass ampoules with a minimum size of 25 g. Both red and white forms require careful handling. American 207 Hoechst Corp.
Single hexagonal crystals u p to inch diameter are used for research in the semiconductor industry. Their unique properties make them attractive for use in piezoelectric devices. Zinc oxide can be used at elevated temperatures since i t does not undergo phase change before dissociation. Electronic Space 212 Products, Inc.
FLUORIDE SOLVENT
Nitrosyl fluoride-trihydrogen fluoride, NOF.SHF, is an exceptionally active solvent for spent nuclear reactor fuels and cladding alloys. T h e solvent freezes at 3.8" C. and forms an azeotrope boiling at 95" C. It can be used in nickel or Monel equipment; stainless steels and aluminum are soluble. Ozark-Mahoning Co. 203 POLYETHYLENE BALLS
m-TOLUIC ACID
SILICONE ELASTOMER
High purity m-toluic acid is available in commercial quantities. This chemical is used as an intermediate in the production of N,Ndiethyl toluamide, an insect repellant. T h e meta isomer is the first of a series the company will eventually market. Also used in coatings and plasticizers. Mobil Chemical Co. 208
SES is a silicone elastomer designed for semiconductor use to protect surfaces and p-n junctions. Lt provides a lasting, neutral protective coating. SES is flexible from -60° to 250" C. and is heat resistant to 300" C. T h e elastomer is an excellent dielectric, and has a capabili t y of working u p to 1000 volts. Transene Co., Inc. 213 GRAPHITE YARN
ADHESIVE RESIN
SF-156 is a modified phenolic resin which was developed for use in neoprene solvent-type adhesives. I t can be reacted with MgO to produce adhesives with good cohesive strength and heat resistance. Resistance to phasifig is obtained without sacrifice in open-time of the adhesive. SP-156 is available in flake form. Schenectady Chemicals, Inc. 209
HITCO-HMG-25(EXP) is a new high modulus, continuous filament, graphite yarn which is available in pound quantities. It has an average elastic modulus of 25 million p.s.i., and an average tensile strength of 150,000 p.s.i. It combines the general properties of graphite with a high strength-toweight ratio and is expected to find use as a structural reinforcement. Hitco. 214
A new group of a-olefin epox-
COMBUSTION ASSISTANTS
CERAMIC SUBSTRATE
ides under the name Nedox are expected to find use as chemical intermediates. They are composed of both even- and odd-numbered carbon chains with a terminal epoxy group which is highly reactive. T h e first two Nedox oxides are oxides of Cllm14 and C15-18 a-olefins. They are mobile, clear liquids. ADM Chemicals. 205
A new line of chemicals intended to enhance desirable combustion characteristics in solid and liquid fuels is claimed to reduce the need for excess air, cut back on mass flow, lower velocity, and reduce the quantity of fly ash. Zimmite combustion catalyst 405, fuel oil stabilizer 400, and Zimmite 455 are all added to the fuel stock before combustion. W. E. Zimmie, Inc. 210
Development of this material has permitted the production of extremely flat, smooth, and more dimensionally accurate ceramics to meet the needed advances in circuit devices. Unusually close tolerances can be maintained on flatness and location of holes which can. be drilled as small as 0.010 in. with a location tolerance of -+0.001 in. and closer in some cases. These substrates are available in special sizes and as large as 4 in. x 4 in. Its extremely hard, smooth surface is unaffected by abrasions or chemicals which would damage glass or glazed surfaces. Metal Ceram, Inc. 215
Polyethylene balls which are hollow can be produced in commercial to 3 quantities in sizes from inches in diameter. They are highly effective in reducing evaporation losses from open vessels. A single layer can cut losses to 3 to 8% of the uncovered rate. T h e balls have a density of about 0.1 g./cc. National Latex Products Co. 204 OLEFIN OXIDES
NONIONIC SURFACTANTS
Two new, low foaming, biodegradable, nonionic surfactants are now available. Antarox BL-225 and a higher cloud point product, Antarox BL-240, for high temperature applications, are both linear primary alcohol polyethers. Antarox BL-225 exhibits low foaming properties at temperatures down to 3 5 O C . and has good enzyme compatability. General Aniline & Film Corp. 206
CLEANING MATERIAL
Isorezoff is a new nonalkali cleaning material that will clean encrusted chemical reactors, stills, and paints covering equipment without the use of strong alkalies. T h e advantage of this type of cleaning is that etching or breakdown of metals or glass linings can be avoided, I t is also claimed that cleaning is effective enough to obviate need for disassembly. Isochem Resins. 211
M o r e information is as near as your mailbox. Just circle the number of the item in which you are interested on the Readers' Information Card.
VOL. 5 9
NO.
9
SEPTEMBER 1967
71
for COMPLETE SERVICE on Skinner Furnace SYSTEMS* START HERE
Research/Test laboratory Mine and Smelter's Research/ Test Laboratory includes a Skinner continuous pilot plant for comprehensive testing. The installation shown below was based on test work in this laboratory, resulting in a unique process (for the type of material involved) which permits calcining and oxidizing in one operation.
FINISH HERE
Installation of Complete Skinner Furnace System including multiple-hearth furnace, accessory equipment, controls, instrumentation , . . all furnished by Mine and Smelter . . .based on M. & S. test work, and 45 years experience in the application, design, engineering and manufacture of Skinner Furnace Systems.
Field Service with DESIRED PRODUCT *for drying, pre-heating, calcining, roasting, oxidizing, reducing, chloridizing, incinerating and cooling.
available during installation and start up.
Write for Skinner Catdog 766 MINE AND SMELTER SUPPLY GO. Dept. IES-6, 3800 Race St. Denver, Colorado 80216 Telephone 303/244-4357
In Canada: MINE & SMELTER SUPPLY CO. OF CANADA LTD. P.O. Box 276-Toronto 18 Telephone 416/233-6819
LITERATURE
Teflon Packing. A 4-page booklet contains construction, application, and packaging information on the various types of mechanical packings of Teflon produced. It includes the latest development-a solid Teflon plastic packing and a specially treated fiber pack216 ing. Flexrock Co. Stainless Steels. A 20-page booklet covers a general description, typical applications, and working and machining characteristics for groups of 400 series nonhardenable stainless steels. Also listed are typical physical and mechanical properties. Cyclops Corp. 217 Aluminum Nitride. A1N is a refractory material with outstanding resistance to molten metals. A technical bulletin gives complete chemical, physical, and price data. Three different grades are available. Cerac, Inc. 218 Silicate Alkalies. Brochure 41-24 describes the full line of METSO silicate alkalies. Section I gives the physical and chemical properties, while Section I1 discusses general detergent characteristics and how the silicates fulfill the steps in soil removal. Philadelphia Quartz Co. 219 Guide to Silicones. T h e latest product information on silicone rubber, lubricants, release agents, protective coatings, antifoam agents, and general chemicals is to be found in this 8-page publication. General Electric Co. 220 Insulation. A pamphlet describes Uniblok thermal insulation of mineral wool which is used for a wide range of applications. Temperatures to 1900° F. can be handled. Uniblok is a combination of mineral fibers and an inorganic binder. Holmes Insulations, 221 Ltd. Chemicals Brochure. An 8-page brochure covers a line of distilled fatty acids, alkanolamides, natural and synthetic oils, lower alcohol esters, emulsifiers, surfactants, fiber finishes, and antistats. Also described are a series of specialty nickel catalysts for fat hydrogenation. Drew Chemical Corp. 222 Products List. A 1967-68 general products list reflects product additions, changes in packaging, etc. Data sheets on eight new commercial products and 17 semicommercial organophosphorus chemicals are also offered in the bulletin. Bulletin No. 100 also contains a brief listing of comonomers and plasticizers. Hooker Chemical Corp. 223 (Continued on page 75)
Circle No. 16 on Readers' Service Card 72
INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING C H E M I S T R Y
