NEW PRODUCTS Chemicals and Materials
WATER SOLUBILIZING AGENTS A revolutionary new method for dissolving oil in water has been announced by Guardian Chemical Corp. By means of Polycomplex G, many organic substances such as phenols with alkyl or aryl substitutes, many fatty acids, essential oils, perfume oils, fatty esters, and other organic substances, either wholly or almost completely insoluble in water, could be made soluble to the extent of as much as 20 to 25y0 of the weight of the complexing agent. Among the Polycomplex applications are modifying detergents, dispersion of pigments, air cleansing and purification (to remove traces of oil, carbon particles, and organic residues), producing latex formulations, increase the solubility and “spreading” in insecticides, separating organic liquids (on the basis of the selectivity factor of the agents), separating salts of metals having similar chemical properties, preventing separation of water in fuels, stabilizers for lubricating oils, and adding water to fuels for special burning characteristics. Water solubilization by means of complexing must be differentiated from the ordinary technique of emulsification as is commonly practiced today. When the organic substance is thoroughly stirred into the complexing agent (preferably warmed) and a small amount of water added to hydrate the complex, the resultant product may be stirred into water in any proportion, or water may be added to it in any proportion; yet the resultant solution remains water, clear, not milky as in the case of emulsions. Moreover the organic substance retains most of its original properties, other than its insolubility. 80
The properties of these agents of prime interest to the user are the low order of toxicity, physicological inertness, excellent wetting and detergent action, and satisfactory shelf stability. Deriving their name from the fact that they are modified hydrocarbon compounds sulfonates of polymeric , which have a very strong hydrophilic characteristic, the agents appear to form loose bonds with the organic compound, with the strongly hydrophilic groups in an external configuration. Thereby, they form a grouping with a high affinity for Water, as a agent might do with a multivalent metallic ion. This is not the actual mechanism, but illustrates the action. I n general, strong electrolytes, acids, or strong alkalies decompose the agents or the complexes formed
with them. Prolonged heating at high temperature decreases either their solubility, their complexing ability, or their stability. They are anionic in nature and are not compatible with cationic substances, such as the quaternary ammonium salts. Generally, the toxicity of the - . complexes is the sum of the components and not the sum of new compounds. The low order of toxicity of the agents permits finished products to be made which are also low in toxicity. However, while this predictability is of advantage, th? toxicity of the finished vroduct should alwavs be determinei and not accepted the basis of this theoretical principle. Suggestions or special recommendations for the use of either form of Polycomplex can be supplied for specific applications. Guardian Chemical Corp. 201
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Water containing Polycomplex remains clenr when mineral oil is added, and the solution zeitli the standard emulsgying agent abbears opaque when mineral oil waS added
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I&EC
SI LYLATING REAGENT
CELLULOSE PROPIONATE RESIN
N,O-bis (trimethylsilyl) acetamide is a highly reactive trimethylsilyl donor that is calculated to be 50 times more powerful than other monosilyl amides that have been investigated. Conversion of highmelting organic compounds to thermally stable and volatile trimethylsilyl derivatives is often quantitative under mild conditions. T h i s provides a practical route for GLC determinations of such usually intractable compounds as carbohydrates, amino acids, peptides, steroids, flavonoids, bile acids, a n d Krebs cycle acids. T h e reagent is obtainable in laboratory quantities. 202 Pierce Chemical Co.
T h e resin with high extrusion a n d vacuum-forming rates has been developed to combine optical, mechanical, a n d physical properties with optimum processing characteristics. Designated Forticel CP 604, sheets of the material have been tested, high values for tear strength have been obtained, a n d fold endurance has been demonstrated. 205 Celmese Plastics Co.
WATER TREATMENT CHEMICALS
Four new liquid water conditioning chemicals are available for use. S-K Checkmate is a condensate and steam-line treatment specifically formulated to prevent corrosion a n d scaling in steam condensate lines. S-K Torpedo is a liquid scale remover of acid components in combination with inhibitors, wetting agents, a n d antifoam to give maximum effectiveness in descaling operations. S-K Skope is a recirculated chilled water treatment of monomolecular type in liquid form combining sequestering agents, corrosion inhibitors, wetting agents, biocides, a n d foam control. S-K Solo is a complete boiler water treatment in liquid form to eliminate the need for compounding dry powders a n d yet retain physical a n d chemical control over scale and corrosion. Stiles-Kem 203 Corp. SILICONE RUBBER SHEET
A rubber sheet compounded from Dow Corning's Silastic 55U silicone rubber is supplied in continuous lengths. I n addition to its resistance to high a n d low temperature extremes, oxidation, a n d weathering, and other properties inherent in silicone rubber, this new sheeting features high tensile and tear strength and resilience. T h e material offers resistance to permanent deformation because of its good resiliency. It is available in 10-yard lengths, 36 inches wide, in l/,,-inch and I/,,-inch thicknesses. Longer rolls are available on request. Connecticut H a r d 204 Rubber Co.
LEAK DETECTING FLUID
T h e liquid will detect leaks under pressure as low as 1/4 p.s.i. to high pressures required in gas transmission lines. It is a chlorine-free chemical compound a n d will n o t contaminate welds made to plug leaks. It is in regular use for leak detection of air conditioning equipment; air brakes; instrument control lines; gas utility, refinery, a n d chemical plant lines; industrial piping; tubing; cylinders; evaporators; condensers; a n d propane systems. I t is free of oil and grease, is nonflammable, nontoxic, and noncaustic. I t is harmless to rubber, plastics, and metals, a n d is harmless in contact with human skin. King206 mann-White, Inc. ADIPIC AND SEBACIC DlHYDRAZlDE
Suggested uses for adipic dihydrazide is as a n intermediate in the preparation of resins and synthetic films, a n d as a polymer modifier. Sebacic dihydrazide is a heat-activated curing agent for epoxy resins. It also has been found useful as a n extender for urethane polymers, as a n inhibitor for color and odor formation in soaps, a n d in the preparation of high molecular weight polymers. Both chemicals are in the form of a white powder. Olin Mathieson Chemical Corp. 207 DYEABLE OLEFIN FIBER
T h e new fiber enables carpet manufacturers to use standard disperse dying procedures a n d obtain good level shades with conventional dye cycles. By chemically changing the structure of the basic polypropylene resin a n d the fiber, manufacturers can produce olefin fiber carpets that can be piece dyed economically, whether they are made from staple or bulked continuous fila208 ment. Hercules, Inc. Circle No. 29 on Readors' Service Card VOL. 5 9
NO. 2 F E B R U A R Y 1 9 6 7
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A NEW ACID CH,CH,COOH I
CHCOOH I
CH,CH,COOH
PHOSPHATE PLASTICIZERS
LITERATURE
Santicizers 148, 192, a n d 194 are cresol-free, flame-retardant plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride a n d other polymer systems. All of these materials are compatible at standard use levels with cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate-butyrate, ethyl cellulose, polymethyl methacrylate, a n d the polystyrenes. T h e plasticizers are designed for flame-retardant formulations in which the phosphate level is 20 to 30% of the total plasticizers used. Monsanto Co.
Polyethylene. A technical booklet on Hi-fax 1900, an abrasion- and impactresistant ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, describes a wide variety of industrial and consumer applications. Also listed are typical properties and the chemical resistance of the plastic. The section on fabrication includes specifications for sawing and milling and information about turning, planning, drilling, screw cutting, wielding, and bonding. Hercules, Inc. 212
209
and a new name! 0CTRICcM’ ACID
TEFLON PACKING
Call it 1, 3, 5-Tricarboxypentane, 1, 3, 5Pentanetricarboxylic acid or A-Carboxypimetic acid if you want. We think the systematic name is too cumbersome for a molecule as interesting as this one, so we are coining a new term for it-OCTRIC(TM) ACID. You too w i l l find the name handy and the product usef u I. Octric Acid is a stable, water-soluble acid which shows the normal chemistry of a moderately strong polycarboxylic acid. Here are data on its physical behavior. Melting Point - 110-114°C. (for our technical material) Molecular Weight - 204 Dissociation Constants- K]=l x 10-4 K ~ = Ix. 105 ~ K 3 ~ 2 . 3X Soluble - water, alcohol, acetone - benzene, hexane Insol u b le I n commercial quantities it should be available at prices under $I.OO/lb. Development quantities are now available for $2.50/lb. This is just the first of a variety of products to be offered from this new basic molecule. For a complete list of these products and technical data on Octric Acid, just write KAY-FRIES CHEMICALS, INC.,360 Lexington Avenue, New York, N. Y. 10017. Samples are available if requested on your company
ciiEmicaLs.
INC.
v v Circle No. 11 on Readers’ Service Card
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A packing a n d molding compound which readily conforms to any desired shape or size eliminates costly packing inventories. Designated Packlon, the material forms itself to the configuration of the stuffing box a n d shaft and compensates for wear by remolding itself when the packing n u t is adjusted. It has a low coefficient of friction a n d will not attract or adhere to dirt a n d oil. Inert to most chemicals and solvents it will not deteriorate, oxidize, or decompose. It is recommended for use in plunger pumps, motor valves, triplex pumps, rod packing for piston pumps, hydraulic presses, oil well unit pumpers, pneumatic tools, casing heads, centrifugal pumps, vertical turbine pumps, a n d valve stem packing. Products Development Laboratories. 210 ARY LATES
A group of 11 chemical intermediates consists of a n aliphatic chain containing a functional group a n d an appendant benzene ring. T h e aromatic ring on a saturated long chain fatty acid provides unusually low temperature solubility a n d increased liquidity to resulting products. These intermediates are expected to open the way for a host of new chemicals. T h e potential uses include new surfactants, intermediates, multifunctional polymer chemicals, a n d agricultural chemicals. Armour a n d Co. 211 M o r e information i s as near as your mailbox. Just circle the number of the item in which you are interested on the Readers’ Information Card.
INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING C H E M I S T R Y
Hydrocarbon Resins. A technical data book on Picco 6000 Series resin applications in rubber compounding describes in detail applications in styrene-butadiene rubber, in neoprene, and in nitrile rubber stocks. Also included are formulations and test results under various phjsical conditions. Pennsylvania 213 Industrial Chemical Corp. Pectic Enzymes. A technical bulletin on food-grade and industrial pectic enzymes lists selen products and explains the action of these enzymes on pectin. It also presents suggestions on processing conditions and enzyme concentrations and discusses the influence of temperature and pH on enzyme actiyity. In addition, a list of 74 pertinent references is provided. Rohm and Haas Co. 214 Pyromellitic Dianhydride. Various uses of this compound are described in a 12-page technical bulletin with a bibliography of 90 sources including worldwide patents and all relevant texts on the subject. Included in the bulletin are physical properties, chemical reactions, applications, physiological properties, storage stability, and the chemical analysis of pyromellitic dianhydride. Princeton Chemical 215 Research, Inc. Plastics/Ceramics Guide. A ready reference to casting resins, adhesives, coatings, foams, silicones, and controlled dielectrics are shown in a three-leaf foldout pamphlet. Products of each group are listed together with two or three of the important characteristics given for each composition. Emerson SS. Cuming, Inc. 216 Corrosion Resistance in Phosphoric Acid. Prepared for the agricultural, chemical, and materials industries, Bulletin CEB-4 contains extensive corrosion data reported on metals and alloys tested in the laboratory and exposed in plants producing phosphoric acid by both the wet and electric furnace processes. Tables, charts, and graphs illustrate corrosion rates for a variety of alloys exposed to the acid. References are provided for further study. International Nickel Co., Inc. 217
