NEW PRODUCTS Equipment
I
ELECTROMAGNET IC SEPARATOR
HEATED VESSEL
Production scale electromagnetic separators for cleaning of process streams are added to manufacturer's product line. New units handle 1300 to 4000 gal./hr., use 7-amp. current at 115 v. with water-jacketed cooling of electric coil. Feed stream flows past grids strongly magnetized by coils, is thus cleaned of magnetic particles, S. G . Frantz 401 co.
Stainless steel storage tank with carbon steel external plate coil is available in sizes from 100 to 10,000 gal., eliminates need €or more costly jacketed vessels. Thermon heat transfer material conducts heat from coil to vessel surface. Perry Products Co. 405
HEAVY DUTY CENTRIFUGAL
Pilot-plant centrifuge for dewatering of a wide range of amorphous and crystalline materials features design modifications of previously available units which permit continuous operation. Modifications include heavy duty gear box, oil-mist lubrication of main bearings, heavy spline shaft, and high bowl speed for high throughput. 402 Pennsalt Chemicals Corp. SHAFT SEAL
Self-balancing, face-type controlled-clearance seal limits leak to minimal level and provides practically infinite life with n o wear under most conditions. Design is intended for high pressure and/or high temperature use in pumps, compressors, turbocompressors, gear drivers, turbines, and other primemoving equipment. Industrial Tectonics, Inc. 403 CHEMICAL FEED SYSTEM
Stainless steel chemical feed systems provide proportionally controlled feed of 0.75 to 40 gal./hr. of chemical to development or production units. System includes stainless steel tank and hinged lid, steel stand, PVC suction piping, cast iron strainer, gage glass, and Neptune Series 100 Chemical proportioning pump. Neptune Chemical Pump Co. 404
LINE STRAINERS
Aluminum line strainers in hose sizes of 2, 11/2, and 11/, in. and pipe sizes of 11/2, 11/, and 1 in. feature 356-T6 aluminum casting and stainless steel strainers to resist corrosion. Screen sizes available are 20-, 30-, and 40-mesh standard sizes. Screen assembly is removed with strainer cap and yoke as a single unit after a tee screw is loosened for easy maintenance. Bio-Chem Systems Co. 406
ELECTROMAGNETIC SEPARATOR
BALL VALVE
Retaining ball valve provides for disconnection of downstream piping without need for separate union normally required in conjunction with standard or flange valve. Retaining flange bolted to valve body accomplishes downstream disconnection under pressure by acting as downstream valve seat, hence permitting line breaking (by removal of four cap screws which secure downstream pipe end). Econ-OMiser ball valve is available in sizes u p to 2 in. in bronze, carbon steel, and stainless steel with seats and seals of Buna-N, neoprene, Viton, or Teflon. Worcester Valve Co. 407
HEAVY DUTY CENTRIFUGE
CENTRIFUGAL FILTER SYSTEM
Epoxy centrifugal filter system provides high corrosion resistance with Hastelloy C pump shaft, vinylcovered stainless steel chamber, center rod, and choice of leakproof mechanical pump seals. Cast epoxy system resist chemical attack and heat u p to 250" F. Sethco Manufacturing Corp. 408
SHAFT SEAL
(Contitauad on page 208)
vot.
57
NO. a A U G U S T 1 9 6 5
io3
Use the new age-resistant latices Why break your back? Both carpet samples, backed with latex scrim adhesives, were aged for 20 hours at 300" F. The backing on the right-hand sample is compounded with a competitive carboxylic-modified styrene-butadiene latex. Brittle, cracked, discolored. The backing on the left is still supple and color-true. Because i t ' s based o n PLIOLITE@ latex 610. One of a new series
of carboxy-modified SBR latices for carpeting, upholstery and general textile backing and binders. The PLIOLITElatex 600 series offers the best age-resistance characteristics on the market. The best ultimate adhesion and good quick grab over a wide viscosity range. They remain stable, even with 350 parts l o a d i n g . R e q u i r e less t h i c k e n e r . C o m -
pound easily-no curing agents o r accelerators needed. The PLIOLITElatex 600 series offers t h e widest range of hands-from soft t o stiff. And exact requirements can be obtained by blending. Tell us your application. We'll send a sample of latex t o back u p our story. Goodyear Chemical Data Center, H-20, Box 9115, Akron, Ohio 44305.
COOD,-~EAR CHEMICALS Circle No. 16 on Readers' Service Card
104
INDUSTRIAL A N D E N G I N E E R I N G CHEMISTRY
9
4
ADVERTISED PRODUCTS INDEX
Pressure.regulators-Inlet pressure: t o 15,000 psig. Line size: t o 8” Flow Capacity: t o 2,750,000 scfm of air (pg. 95). ...........Circle No. 29
EOUIPMENT
Viscometers-measures viscosities from less than 1t o 64,000,000 centipoises. Write for Brookfield illustrated catalog, today (pg. 98). Circle No. 8
CHEMICALS AND MATERIALS
1/211
Centrifuges-Pfaudler Titan saves money. A high-speed, disc-type machine. It reduces sludge volume by 75-90% because itthickens solids to concentrations u p t o 40% by weight (pg. 6). .Circle No. 23 Centrifuges-If you need high volume separation of “sticky” acidoil, acid-solvent of caustic-solvent mixtures, t h e new WESTFALIA OEP heavy duty “Liquid-SEAL” Separator is your answer (pg. 12). Circle No. 30 Dispensing Devices-whether it be polyethylene d r u m faucets or plastic syphon pump-you can always count on Tolco for t h e best in plastic dispensing devices (pg. 122). Circle No. 42 Furnace, Multiple-Hearth-capable o f handling a mixture of sizes simultaneously. Batch and continuous testing services i n our laboratory. Or purchase or lease a continuous pilot plant or batch laboratory unit (pg. 17).. .Circle No. 21 Heat Transfer Equipment-If you have a heat transfer problem it’s likely we’ve already solved it! (pg. 8). .Circle No. 6 Mills, Grinding-precision-engineered mills for all types of f i n e grinding; bowl mills; roller mills; vertical mills; i m p mills (pg. 10) Circle No. 9 Pumps-Denver SRL p u m p s are versatile. Complete range of sizes and parts in stock for quick shipment (pg. 108). ......Circle No. 11 Pumps-Easy t o install, easy t o maintain, easy t o pay-your savings in operating and maintenance costs will pay for t h e p u m p within a short while (pg. 46). , , . . Circle No. 4 Spray Nozzles-write for Catalog 25-64 pages of spray nozzle data (pg. 101). ..Circle No. 26 Tube Mills-Available from 4 t o 14 feet in diameter; length up t o 40 feet; single or multiple compartments; with acidproof lining of rubber, silica and porcelain (pg. 120). Circle No. 27 Vessels-Chemical processing i n all metals. Send for Bulletin BF-8 for complete details (pg. 2)..Circle No. 7
......
...
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Viscometers-Mechrolab’s new Auto-Viscometer automatically measures efflux time. Applications? Intrinsic viscosities; molecular weights; molecular shapes of natural and synthetic polymers (pg. 114). Circle No. 18
...............
Adhesives-Comprehensive information, just off the press, I S available on PICCO’s water white, thermoplastic copolymer, PICCOTEX (pg. 16). ............Circle No. 36 Aluminum-56 places ALCOA aluminum saves money in an acrylic fiber plant. Send for booklet (pgs. 96-97). .....Circle No. 38 Backing and Binders-The PLIOLITE latex 600 series offers t h e best age-resistance characteristics on the market. The best ulti(Continued on page 106)
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Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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V O L . 5 7 NO. 8 A U G U S T 1965
FIRST
PERMIT NO. 27688 BROOKLYN, N. Y.
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Agitator-Custom problems of continuous flow agitation do yield t o a single technology which Chemineer applies i n every case (pg. 111) Circle No. 10 Induction Heat in g-E pi t a x i a I Growth. Several methods have been developed for decomposition of the carrier gas t o form an epitaxial layer on t h e substrate. Induction heating has been found most effective (pg. 110).Circle No. 19
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mate adhesion a n d good quick grab over a wide viscosity range (pg. 104). ................Circle No. 16 Carbon Brick-is proving its durability a n d economy in many linings for handling phosphoric acid a n d other chemicals (pg. 110). . . . ........................ .Circle No. 17 Ceramics, alumina-complete data on t h e m o s t wear-resistant, chemical-resistant, strongest alumina ceramics available (pg. 102). .Circle No. 25 Chelating Agen ts-EDTA-ty pe used in textile, cosmetics and pulp a n d paper (pg. 102). . . . . . . . ..Circle No. 43 Chelating a n d Sequestering Compounds-If you need help of an organic chelating agent, call in t h e
...................
Pfizer C.I.A. m a n and let h i m show you what h e can do. Request our "Chelating Agent Usage Calculator",(pg. 4). . . . . . . . . . . . . .Circle No. 3 Ch e m ica Is-f rom Ea st m a n C h e m ical Products (pg. 112) Tetramethyl~l,3-~yclobutanedione.. ... ........................ .Circle No. 31 2,2,4,4-Tetramethyl-1,3-cyclobutanediol.. .................. .Circle No. 32 2,2,4 - Trimethyl. 3 - hydroxy- 3 - pentenoic acid, p-lactone.. . .Circle No. 33 Cyanoethyl sucrose.. . . . . .Circle No. 34 Crotyl alcohol. ........... .Circle No. 35 Cyanuric Acid-Unreactive? How unreactive can a product be t h a t has 55 reactions, 44 applications, a n d 80 literature a n d patent references? Send for technical bullet i n (pg. 98). .............Circle No. 40
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D is persa nts-R AY FLO-C-i t holds suspensions up t o 67 hours-and longer. Agitate i t a n d you regain suspension for another l o n g haul (pg. 107). ................Circle No. 37 FREON Fluorocarbon-which one could improve your process? Send for technical booklet (pg. IBC) ..................... Circle No. 14 Hexachlorobutadiene-Excellent thermal stability. Good solvent capacity. High boiling point-low freeze point. Soluble in alcohol or ether. Low vapor pressure. Nonflammable (pg. 100). . . . .Circle No. 12 Lab Chemical-Most complete line of Laboratory chemicals in t h e country! (pg. IFC). ..... .Circle No. I Lignin Chemicals-Make them ideally suited for use as Dispersants, Binders, Emulsion Stabilizers, Adhesives, Chelating Agents, Concrete Admixtures, Leather Tans, Humectants a n d many others (pg. 118).. ..Circle No. 2 Methacrylate Monomers-You can rely on Du Pont for technical service, handling technology, engineering assistance, a n d fast, dependable delivery (pg. 94). . . . . . . ......................... Circle No. 13 Methylamines-No matter which you choose, all have lower equivalent weight than amines with bulkier radicals, a n d t h u s offer more amino nitrogen per pound (pg. 1) ......................... Circle No. 24 M e t hy I d i e t h a n o I a mi n e -- t e r t i a r y amine can function as a catalyst and chain extender in rigid polyurethane foams (pg. 111). ....... ......................... Circle No. 22 Methyl Vinyl Ether-Previously offered only in t a n k cars or small 160-pound cylinders, methyl vinyl ether from GAF is now also available in 1100-pound-net cylinders. The new size is especially suitable for pilot-plant studies a n d semicommercial operations (pg. 109). . ......................... Circle No. 15 Refractories - Carborundum REFRAX-tough stuff; chemically, physically, thermally. Silicon carbide bonded with silicon nitride. We can form i t into any shape you're used t o seeing cast in metal (pg. OBC). .....Circle No. 39 Zi icon i u m Compounds-TAM Product Data Sheets and Technical Paper o n Zirconium m a y open new doors for economically i m proving your product or process.. (pg. 95) .................. Circle No. 28
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MISCELLANEOUS Che m ical Engineering Cat alog-T h e 5-way index of CHEMICAL ENGINEERING CATALOG puts you right "on target"-quickly spotting t h e detailed information you need o n equipment, materials of construction or specialized services (pg. 101). ..........Circle No. 5 106
I&EC
Rayflo-C delivers powerful dispersing action for days
Insecticides are an acid test for dispersants. Because in short time most suspensions break down. Now comes Rayflo-C with long-lasting power. It holds suspensions up to 67 hours -and longer. Agitate it and you regain suspension for another long haul. A t remarkably low cost. You use Rayflo-C where you require a powerful dispersant with longevity. I n boiler water treatment. Soap dispersion. Industrial cleaners. Carbon black. Agricultural sprays. Ceramic deflocculants. It will disperse calcium and magnesium salts, soil and dirt. Since it’s a giant molecule
(a polyflavonoid) you can
see how Rayflo-C is readily modified to meet special situations, Like yours. Rayonier Research has the facilities, scientific manpower and experience to help you work out knotty dispersant problems, whether involving product or cost. Or both. J u s t clip the coupon.
I
I
Rayonier Incorporated, Dept. S-02,
I I I I 1 I I I L--------i 161 E. 42nd Street, N e w York, N . Y . 10017
Please send me samples and technical data on Rayflo-C. My area of interest is NAME
TITLE
RAYONI ER NATURAL RESOURCES CHEMISTRY
Circle
COMPANY ADDRESS
No. 37 on Readers’
Service Card
VOL. 5 7
NO. 8
AUGUST 1965
107
T I T A N IU M FI LTERS
iii
MAKE:
Agitators
Thickeners
Flotation
AND OTHER ITEMS Photo shows optional slide-type base** open f o r inspection. **Patent Pending DENVER SRL PUMPS AND PARTS IN STOCK
Best for low.cost pumping of DENVER SRL Pumps are versatile: Pressure molded impellers and liners available of natural rubber, chemical rubber, polyurethane, butyl, hypalon, or neoprene. Special service wetted parts (other than pressure molded parts) available of stainless, monel, titanium, hard rubber, bronze, hastelloy, Teflon, ceramic. Metal impellers available.
Abrasive/Corrosive Slurries! All DENVER SRL Pumps can be modified by simple field changes to use any of five different seal arrangements i n addition t o the standard water seal gland. Complete range of sizes from 1?h’’X 1” to 16”x14” DENVER S R L Pumps and parts in stock tor quick shipment. Need prices? Send your speclflcations, today! *Soft Rubber Lined
Corrosion- and oxidation-resistant titanium elements for filtration applications involving high temperature processing, contamination of reactive fluids by other filter media, or thermal cycling are available in uniformly controlled pore sizes from 30- to 1.0-micron mean diameter pore. Elements are available as disks, cylinders, tubes, or sheets in thicknesses from 0.01 to 0.50 in. Clevite Corp. 409
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
Versatile centrifugal pumps in 38 standard sizes from 11/, to 10 in. with capacities up to 2600 gal./min. and head up to 225 ft. have high maintainability due to interchangeability of parts. Available materials are gray cast iron, alloy cast iron, carbon steel, high silicon iron, stainless steel rubber-lined cast iron, antimonial lead, and bronze. Alpine American Corp. 410
DENVER EQUIPMENT COMPANY 1400 SEVENTEENTH STREET
DENVER COLORADO 80217
PHONE 303/244.4466
Circle NO. 11 on Readers’ Service Card
Contact Angle, Wettability, and Adhesion ADVANCES I N CHEMISTRY SERIES 43 contains twenty-six papers given at the 1963 Kendall Award Symposium. This is the largest and best collection of up-to-date papers giving both theoretical and practical approaches to wettability and adhesion-a subject important to many areas of science and technology. Papers report the latest work, survey progress, and suggest new directions for research and application. Moreover, the papers are sufficiently current and broad in scope so as to include thought-provoking, controversial points of view. In a sense this book is a tribute to the fundamental work of W. A. Zisman, 1963 recipient of the Kendall Award, who opens the symposium with a 48page article which includes 107 references to other work. Some papers deal with the chemical structure of solid surfaces, solid-fluid interfacial tensions, and flow in capillaries as related to contact angle discussed in other papers. Still others explore adhesion theories, thermodynamics of wettability, chemisorption, coadsorption on metals, spreading of oils on surfaces and its prevention, a computer study of wettability, and other areas.
389 Pages, cloth bound $8.00 Order from: Special Issues Sales/American Chemical Society 1155 Sixteenth St., N.W./Washington, D. C. 20036
108
INDUSTRIAL A N D ENGINEERING C H E M I S T R Y
RELIEF VALVE
For pressure control i n the range from 15 to 1549 p.s.i., stainless steel relief valves are available featuring high maintainability. Self-cleaning ball valve and functional design to allow servicing without removal of line from process stream are key maintenance features. Pressure ranges are determined by selection from 8 interchangeable springs. American Industries, Inc. 411
CENTRIFUGAL
Multistage, pusher-type centrifugal for washing and dewatering crystalline, granular, or fibrous solids is claimed to have following advantages: high operating speeds without adverse effect on solids transport, ability to handle very fine solids, and less critical and lower pushing pressures for minimal product degradation. Design is licensed from Escher Wyss of Zurich, Switzerland; it provides for accessibility and easy screen replacement. Units are available in 2 to 8 stages to handle throughputs from 100 lb./ hr. u p to 50 or more tons/hr. flow. Bird Machine CO. 412 (Continued on page 110)
If Methyl Vinyl Ether by the tank car is just too much... ,
7
..
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how about tnis new intermediate-sizedcylinder? Previouslyoffered only in tank cars or small 160-pound cylinders, methyl vinyl ether from CAF is now also available in 1100-pound-netcylinders. The new size is especially suitable for pilot-plant studies and semi-commercial operations,
yield diacetals of malonaldehyde. Methyl vinyl ether undergoes Diels-Alder reactions with conjugated unsaturated aldehydes, ketones, aliphatic dienes, anthraceneand related compounds. With acetals, methyl vinyl ether gives alkoxy acetals useful as starting materials for other comp0unds.A complete reviewof reaction possibitities is given in the MVE Technical Bulletin.
Methyl vinyl ether is a highly useful chemical intermediate and reactive monomer. It may be copolymerized with a variety of unsaturated monomeric materials such as acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and ethylene. With these comonomers, methyl vinyl ether in general yields a softer, internally plasticized resin. Other desirable characteristics contributed by methyl vinyl ether are improved adhesion and increased flexibility.
Sound worthwhile?Then send in the coupon to our Commercial Development Department for complete price and technical data.
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QENERAL ANILINE
i
140 WEST 51 STREET
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n FILM CoRPORAiiON
II
NEW YORK 1-0
This means that copolymers containing methyl vinyl ether can cover a wide spectrum of applications, ranging from detergent builders to oil additives, thermoplastic resins, elastomers, adhesives and thickeners, among others.
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In preparing chemical intermediates, methyl vinyl ether's high purity (99%) and reactivity can be effectively utilized. For example, methyl vinyl ether undergoes many simple addition reactions with a diversity of materials including hydrogen halides, HCN. alcohols and organic acids. leading toa number of interestingandvaluaile intermediates. Methyl vinyl ether reacts with ortho formic acid esters to
I I I
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Commercial Development Department I Please send me methyl vinyl ether data and prices. I Intended applications:
I Name
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Company Position Address
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State
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V O L 57
NO. 8 A U G U S T
1965
109
.
If Methyl Vinyl Ether by the tank car is just too much...
how about this new intermediate-sized cylinder? Previouslyoffered only in tank cars or small 160-pound cylinders, methyl vinyl ether from GAF is now also available in 1100-pound-net cylinders. The new size is especially suitable for pilot-plant studies and semi-commercial operations.
yield diacetals of malonaldehyde. Methyl vinyl ether undergoes Diets-Alder reactions with conjugated unsaturated aldehydes, ketones, aliphatic dienes, anthracene and related compounds. With acetals, methyl vinyl ether gives alkoxy acetals useful as starting materials for other comp0unds.A complete review of reaction possibilities is given in the MVETechnical Bulletin.
Methyl vinyl ether is a highly useful chemical intermediate and reactive monomer. It may be copolymerized with a variety of unsaturated monomeric materials such as acrylonitrile, vinyl chloride, vinyl acetate and ethylene. With these comonomers, methyl vinyl ether in general yields a softer, internally plasticized resin. Other desirable characteristics contributed by methyl vinyl ether are improved adhesion and increased flexibility.
Sound worthwhile?Then send in the coupon to our Commercial Development Department for complete price and technical data.
CH2=
CH
I 0th
This means that copolymers containing methyl vinyl ether can cover a wide spectrum of applications, ranging from detergent builders to oil additives, thermoplastic resins, elastomers, adhesives and thickeners, among others. In preparing chemical intermediates, methyl vinyl ether's high purity (99%) and reactivitycan be effectively utilized. For example, methyl vinyl ether undergoes many simple addition reactionswith a diversity of materials including hydrogen halides, HCN, alcohols and organic acids, leading to a number of interesting and valuable intermediates. Methyl vinyl ether reacts with ortho formic acid esters to
MI
GENERAL ANILINE 6 FILM CORPORATION
140 WEST 51 STREET
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NEW YORK 10020
Commercial Development Department Please send me methyl vinyl ether data and prices. Intended applications:
I I
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Name Company
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Circle NO. 15 Dll Readers' SCNiCC C l r d
VOL 57
NO. 8
AUGUST 1965
109
Vibrators. Specification sheets on portable hook, hoist, and extended piston air-powered vibrators contain complete infomtion and drawings of all sizes offered as well as weights, air consumption, and frequency data. Cleveland Vihrator Co. 419
PENNSALT DEVELOPMENT CHEMICALS
For Polyurethane Foams
METHYLDIETHANOLAMINE This tertiary amine, with its two primary hydroxyl groups, can function as a catalyst and chain extender in rigid polyurethane foams. Compared to amine tetrols and pentols, methyldiethanolamine shows much stronger catalytic activity on an equal hydroxyl equivalent basis. This reduces the need for expensive supplementary catalysts; and resultant foams hove equal or better physical properties. Methyldiethanalamine serves as a compatibility bridge for components that are difficultto mix, and is an efficient viscosity reducer in one-shot rigid systems. This is particularly valuable when working with the viscous, high hydroxyl number polyether polyols. F
.
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Molecular Weight. . . . . . . . ,119.1 Color.. .Water white to pole straw Clarity.. .... . ... . . . .Clear Sp. G., 2Oo/2OoC. . . . . . . . .1.03-1.05 Distillation Range. 95% a t 240-255°C Titer as Methyldiethanolomine. .97%
.. ...
.....
.
Data sheef and samp/es available on requed.
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT PENNSALT CHEMICALS CORPORATION THREE P E ” CENTER PHILA., PA. 19102 C i n l i No. 12 91 R e a l m ‘ S m i l e Card
M e V Valves. Bulletin desaibes new line of automatic pilot controlled safety valves, which require no overpressure to operate, and which have built-in stable 2% blowdown. Sizes, flange ratings, temperature ranges, materials selection, and applications are included in bulletin. Farris Engineering Corp. 420 Inliner Pump. Booklet describes new inliner pump which can be mounted in piping system in manner similar to that for a valve. Booklet provides pump performance data, cross sections of pumps, and installation diagrams. Ingersoll-Rand Co. 421 Buttertly Valves. Bulletin on corn. plete line of butterfly valves indudes wafer-type metal seated units in sizes 2 through 30 in. Also illustrated are various automatic and manual actua. tors, and helpful information on valve sizing, liner material selection, and proper application techniques. Cono. flow Corp. 422 Grinding and ClPMifying Equipment.
New bulletin presents complete line of cutting mills, hammer mills. ball mills, air classifiers, and impact grind. ing-classifying mills. Alpine American 423 Corp. Nitrogen Generator. Brochure de scribes in text, table, and diagram the operation and capacities of ayogenk nitrogen units which can supply fmm 5-million to 80-million standard N. ft./month. 424 Magnetic Separator. Engineering data bulletin describes permanent magnel drum separator for removal of tramp iron from process streams. Referencr chart contained facilitates selection ol optimal size drum separator. Indiana General Corp. 425 Plastic Pipe. Brochure describer chemically resistant line of Bondatrand glass fiber-reinforcedepoxy and epoxy polyester pipe, illustrates method of as sembly, and indicates some applica tions. Amercoat Corp. 42f
M o r e information is os neor os your mailbox. Just circle the number of the item in which you ore interested on the Readers’ Information Card.
engine continuous flow agitation i
Custom problems of continuous flow agitation do yield to a single technology which Chemineer applies in every case. Retention time, number of stages, agitation intensity, heat transfer area, and available space dictate a unique set of design considerationsfor each application. The resulting system may be an inline agitator. stirred tank, or an agitated staged column. However, once the vessel and mixing requirements are established standard agitator components are selected to give you the optimum balance of Performance with economy. Write for Bulletin 282. Chemineer Inc.. P. 0. Box 1OOO. Dayton 1, Ohio.
CHEM INEER@ FLUID AGITATION ENGINEERS
V O L 5 7 NO. 8 A U G U S T 1 9 6 5
111
