NEW PRODUCTS FOR ANALYSTS Equipment, Apparatus, Instruments, Reagents, Materials Filter-Paper Counter
The new filter-paper counter designed by Nuclear Measure ments Corp. can be used in connection with radioactive air samples, water nitrations, chemical precipitations, and two-dimensional radiochroma tography. The unit permits the use of filter papers of up to 7 X 6 inches in the smaller counter and 7 X 10 inches in the larger unit. The entire system can be decontaminated in about 10 minutes. The counter offers full sensi tivity to alpha and beta radiations of all energies and yields essentially 2ir geometry, less absorption, plus back-scatter ing. The basic alpha background of this system is less than 0.2 count per minute, unless there is a natural background of the filter paper itself. The beta background varies with the volume of the counting chamber and is roughly 0.5 count per minute per cubic centimeter of chamber volume. The instru ment requires commercial argon for alpha counting, while, for alpha plus beta counting, 90% commercial argon and 10% pure methane are used. Alpha plateau extends from 900 to 1200 volts, and the beta from 1700 to 1900 volts. 1 Temperature Controller
Thermo Electric Manufacturing Co. has announced various improvements in its line of temperature controllers, which are used to provide stepless control of the power supply to electric furnaces, ovens, melting pots, and other heatingdevices. The instrument employs a sensitive thermostatic switch to operate a relay system that carries the load current to the connected equipment. By a turn of the control knob on the instrument panel, the load current can be allowed to flow between 5 and 100% of the time. Any desired tempera ture within the capacity of the connected equipment can be selected and maintained. The instrument automatically compensates for changes in line voltage and will maintain constant watt-hour input regardless of wide variations in line voltage.
In current models, the load capacity has been increased by the use of a multiple-contact, mechanical-type relay system in place of the single-contact or mercury-type relays formerly used. A protective feature is the new fused circuit that divides the load current between relay contacts in such a manner that the malfunction of any part of the relay system will automatically cut off the load current to prevent over heating and damage to the connected equipment and its contents. The thermostatic control unit that regulates the on and off cycles of the load current has been redesigned to give im proved stability and longer life. The bimetallic levers are now larger and heavier and are mounted with stainless steel fittings in permanently secure alignment. The instruments are available either with or without indicating pyrometers and thermocouple. They have load ratings of up to 4600 watts, 110 volts, and 6000 watts, 220 volts. 2 Carbon Determinations
The Burrell Corp. has introduced a new carbon train for improved gravimetric determinations of carbon by combustion methods. The Carbotrane is a compact arrangement ; of throwaway and quickly replaceable glass cartridges containing reagents com monly used to determine carbon in metals. Two models are available. The single train, Model 110 (see cut), is offered for average laboratory use, while a double train, Model 120, is intended for high production or for stand-by convenience. With the double-train model, two determinations may be made simultaneously with complete efficiency. The Carbotrane may be used equally as well with either resistance or high-frequency combustion furnaces. Built-in timers, with a range of 5 minutes, measure the periods of combustion. A warning bell alerts the operator at the end of each time cycle. When used with the company's highfrequency combustion furnace, the timer also shuts off the
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36 A power to the heating coil. Two timers on the double-train model operate independently of one another. The train contains four absorption tubes. The first in line from the furnace contains manganese dioxide for the removal of oxides of sulfur. The second tube absorbs water vapor. The third tube, which removes carbon dioxide, employs a new method of dispersing the gas stream to prevent channeling. Its specially designed seal permits indefinite storage with no deterioration of the Ascarite or dehydrating agent. The carbon dioxide absorption tube weighs approximately 100 grams when packed and is good for 150 to 175 determinations with 0.3 to 0.5% carbon samples. The last tube in the train is a fluid trap which seals the train in case of excessive oxygen demand. Unlike the other tubes, it is not supplied as a throw away cartridge-type unit since it does not require periodic replacement. §5 Cloud- and Pour-Test Bath Precision Scientific Co. has redesigned its Frigistat bath to provide frost-free operation with a minimum of temperaturecontrol adjustments. Designed for use with ASTM Method D 97, the bath can H be easily maintained within ±2° F., even though manually operated. The seven-unit test chamber and the dry ice chamber are insulated with 2.5 inches of glass wool at the sides and bottom. The cooling medium is circulated in the test chamber through coils that do not allow an interchange of fluid between the chambers. A full charge of dry ice, aided by the 0.25-hp. pump, will reduce the temperature of the test chamber to —90° F. in about 30 minutes. Made of steel, except for a heavy Bakélite top, the housingis finished in baked enamel. The inner chambers are made of copper, and all pipes and fittings are of brass. The unit is 24.5 inches wide, 13 inches deep, and 18 inches high. 4 Variable-Speed Stirrer A stirrer with three predetermined speeds best suited for general laboratory use (300, 600, and 900 r.p.m.) is available from Laboratory Industries, Inc. The 0.063-hp. motor is series-wound and draws 65 watts. The mounting bracket permits the stirrer to be supported in any position. In the
normal position, the center of gravity is below the support rod, which prevents accidental turnovers and breakage of beakers. The unit comes with a three-jaw chuck, an 8-foot rubbercovered cord, and an 8-inch aluminum support rod. The chuck holds stirring rods of 0.25-inch diameter. A 6-inch stirring rod is available that is made of stainless steel covered with Teflon tubing. The lower end of the rod carries a Teflon mixing disk that produces stirring and mixing without the usual vortex. 5 Cartesian Manostat A new, all-glass Cartesian manostat, designed for automatic vacuum and pressure control, has been introduced by the Emil Greiner Co. Model 7 has a time-saving automatic setting device. Once a vacuum setting is made, the system may be shut down without disturbing the setting. The manostat eliminates the need for complicated electrical and mechanical systems or additional equipment of any kind. It is resistant to corrosion and comes ready to use with rubber connections. 6 Detergency Tester The Deter-meter is a precise laboratory instrument designed to provide accurate control in the study of detergency. This has been accomplished through the use of a new concept of supplying mechanical energy to the detergent-cloth system. This concept involves the use of a nonrandom dynamic input which, in contrast to the usual random energy supplied by steel balls or an impeller-agitator, provides very close control. In the Determeter, the energy input is thé vertical component of a sinusoidal wave motion. The length of the intercept, frequency, and amplitude are precisely controlled. The essential part of the tester, which is manufactured by American Conditioning House, Inc., is a nonrotating washing cylinder designed to oscillate along a vertical axis. Both the top and bottom of the cylinder are enclosed with specially selected impact surfaces, between which is contained a single 100-mm. disk of soiled cloth. The oscillation of the cylinder impels both the cloth and its supernatant liquid vertically upward to the end of the stroke at which point the reversal of the cylinder's movement brings the upper impact surface into uniform face contact with the rising cloth and its associated mass of liquid. A variation in the impact surface spacing, in the frequency of
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Use this handy return card to save yourself time. I t will bring information of use to chemists and engi neers in laboratory, pilot plant, and production. The items listed in this special section have been selected by the editors of ANALYTI CAL CHEMISTRY f o r their value and timeliness in helping you to keep abreast of the latest developments in the field.
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oscillation, and in the amplitude produces a wide and continuous range of impact forces between the fabric and the impact surface. In the examination of dishwashing compounds, all that is necessary is the substitution of a ceramic plate for the washing cylinder. In the case of metal cleaners, a metal plate is used. Dyestuff fastness to laundering is another standard test that may be run. The fading produced is uniform over the surface of the dyed fabric, and one test is usually sufficient to determine this effect of detergency. 7 Storage Trays Laboratory Industries, Inc., offers two trays that provide a convenient and safe method for storing and handling thermometers, hydrometers, and volumetric and measuring pipets. Tray 1470 holds eight thermometers or U measuring pipets up to 16.5 inches long or volumetric pipets up to 5 ml. The tray is 17.5 inches long, 6.5 inches wide, and 1 inch thick. Tray 1471 holds four hydrometers or volumetric pipets. I t is 20.5 inches long, 6.5 inches wide, and 1.75 inches thick. All trays have three sets of finger cutouts for easy removal of the glassware. The trays are completely covered with neoprene, which provides a soft, corrosion-resistant surface. 8 One-Pan Balance
A new one-pan balance has been introduced by Emil Greiner Co. Designed to provide fast, accurate weighings, the balance features a precision mechanism that employs no loose weights. There is only one beam weight to manipulate. This weight is moved along the beam until the balance is brought into rough equilibrium. The final adjustment is made on the micrometer, which is an integral part of the beam weight. To determine the total weight, it is only necessary to read the kilograms and grams, clearly marked on the beam, and add the micrometer reading. The balance comes in a white enamel finish and is equipped with a detachable chrome-finished pan. A flat plate instead of a pan can be supplied with the largest size model. The dimensions of the balance range from 32 X 21 X 13 inches to 38 X 26 X 14 inches. The maximum capacities range from 6 to 14 kg. § Pipet Washer
The improved pipet washer offered by Fisher Scientific Co. consists of a cleaning chamber with an integral automatic syphon. I t is used for flushing and rinsing. Soaking and cleaning operations are handled in a separate jar. The washer occupies 1 square foot of space and can be set up in a corner of a sink, out of the way of other apparatus. A hose is connected to the water tap and to a serrated hose connector at the base of the washer. When the tap is turned on, the water rises in the washer to a height near the top of the chamber. Then the automatic syphon empties the chamber. Each cycle takes 4 minutes. When the washing operation is completed, the basket full of pipets is lifted from the washer and dipped a few times in a
37 A chamber containing the cleaning solution. The pipets come out sparkling clean and ready to be returned to the washer for automatic rinsing. The washer will accommodate pipets up to 18 inches long. The basket will hold as many as 125 pipets, each 7 mm. in diameter. Fischer Scientific has introduced a new basket for the pipet washer. The stainless steel basket is designed to support pipets for storing, washing, rinsing, and transferring. I t replaces the previous holder which was made of light metal bands. In the improved model, there is no chance for the pipets to protrude beyond the sides of the holder,' to be chipped or broken while being washed. The basket is a slightly tapered cylinder, 4 inches in diameter at the top. The bottom is a heavy-mesh screen welded to the cylinder. 10 Slide Hot Plate
The introduction of a new slide hot plate that removes stain from slides has been reported by the National Appliances Co. This device has aluminum alloy heat radiating fins to maintain the uniform temperature of the heating plate surface. The unit speeds the drying time of slides during the preparation of smears and after staining. I t prevents stain from drying on slides during the limited steaming process. 11 Hand Calculator
Precision-made by Swiss watchmen, the calculator offered by Curta Calculator Co. will add, subtract, multiply, divide, calculate square roots, factors, cubes, and percentages. The device performs calculations to five decimal places and computes totals to 99 billion. Figures can be checked and rechecked on three sets of dials. The instrument weighs only 8 ounces and is said to be as effective as an electric desk calculator. 12 pH Electrometer
The Model 20 pH electrometer introduced by Coleman Instruments, Inc., combines the precision of a linear potentiometer with the simplicity of single-dial operation. The instrument has a flashing signal to indicate the end point. The meter is protected against measurement errors caused by depleted batteries, amplifier drift, or accidental misadjustment of the controls. The electrode system is automatically brought to the operating position when the instrument cover is opened and is returned to storage within the case when the instrument cover is closed. All operations of standardization and measurement are accomplished with a single calibrated dial. The instrument is enclosed in a plastic case, 8.5 X 6.4 X 4.1 inches, and weighs 5.5 pounds. 13 Film for Autoradiography
A new experimental film for work in autoradiography has been announced by Eastman Kodak Co. In the case of this film, the backing of the emulsion is gelatin rather than a cellulose ester. This gives the researcher a definite advantage since the gelatin backing can be penetrated by the developing solutions. As a result, the emulsion can be processed through the back while the emulsion surface is in contact with the radioactive specimen. Stripping films, as a group, are most frequently used in the field of graphic arts, where film is most easily used in the camera but some firm support, such as a glass plate, is desirable for the final operations. In this work, as well as in
38 A other fields, t h e ability of stripping films t o be cut a n d fitted together in almost a n y shape or combination to produce a n y desired effect is extremely helpful. T h i s same flexibility is expected to prove useful in t h e research field. T h e thickness of t h e emulsion a n d gelatin base of t h e new experimental film will each b e a b o u t 5 microns. T h e sensitivity of t h e emulsion is between t h a t of K o d a k nuclear t r a c k emulsions Types N T A a n d N T B . T h e new stripping film will b e sold in 5-foot rolls of imperforated 35-mm. film. 14 Buret Unit
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separation between t h e t w o groups results in behavior more typical of t h e individual groups t h a n is found in currently available amino alcohols. American C y a n a m i d Co. 521 B a l a n c e s a n d W e i g h t s . Specifications are given for assortm e n t of analytical balances. N e w 12-page booklet also describes precision weights. Seederer-Kohlbusch, Inc. 22 Pressure Controller. Catalog covers t h e principle of operation, specifications, design features, a n d other details of nonindicating pressure controller. Minneapolis-Honeywell Regulator Co. 23
H a g a n Corp. is offering a new buret u n i t employing a plastic reservoir m a d e of polyethylene. T h e self-leveling b u r e t is filled b y squeezing t h e plastic b o t t l e . - - . -J-'z: 1 -Matic requires only one hand, &ÎS:ÎMÎ0!ÎM. while older automatic buret assemblies usually require b o t h hands—one for closing a t u b e orifice a n d t h e other for squeezing an aspirator b u l b . T h e plastic bottle is highly resistant t o chemical a t t a c k a n d will n o t cont a m i n a t e s t a n d a r d titrating solutions. Another feature of t h e b u r e t unit is t h e special base which holds t h e plastic bottle a n d also provides a convenient a n d stable platform for beaker, flask, or dish. T h e base, also m a d e of plastic, is resistant to mechanical d a m a g e a n d chemical a t t a c k . T h e b u r e t u n i t s are available in 10- a n d 25-ml. sizes, g r a d u a t e d to 0.1 m l . 15
Conductivity C u r v e s . Conductivity d a t a for common aqueous electrolytes over a broad range of concentrations and temperatures are provided in company bulletin. Industrial Instruments, Inc. 24
Whirlpool Mixer
Electronic Instruments. A well-illustrated 24-page booklet discusses electron microscopes, electron diffraction equipment, precision instruments, v a c u u m systems, metal detectors, dielectric a n d induction heating equipment, a n d other a p p a r a t u s . Radio Corp. of America. 27
T h e mixer offered b y S t a n d a r d Electric M a n u f a c t u r i n g C o . features a 0.33-hp. motor, 110 volts, single-phase, 60-cycle. I t h a s a 36-inch stainless steel shaft and t w o balanced, stainless steel, 4-inch propellers t h a t m a y b e adjusted to a n y position on t h e shaft. T h e mixer is supplied with a n a d justable clamp, Slow-speed, explosionproof, a n d h e a v y d u t y models are also available. J is
MANUFACTURERS' LITERATURE F l o w m e t e r s . Bulletin discusses microflowmeters capable of measuring flow rates of from 6 to 105 ml. per m i n u t e of w a t e r a n d 90 t o 610 ml. per m i n u t e of air a t 20° C. F o u r sizes of t u b e s and four float compositions are available. Technical E q u i p m e n t Co. 17
Esters. A 36-page booklet covers uses, physical properties, and shipping d a t a for more t h a n 30 esters. Booklet describes t h e solubility of resins in various esters, as well as their performance in nitrocellulose lacquers. Also included is a bibliogr a p h y t h a t lists t h e i m p o r t a n t references t o esters in -the chemical literature. Carbide a n d Carbon Chemicals Co. 2 5 O r g a n i c C h e m i c a l s . N e w catalog includes information on all products of c o m p a n y ' s chemical division, including aldehydes, ketones, solvents, acids, a n d glycols. Details are given on uses a n d physical a n d chemical properties. Shipping, handling, a n d toxicological d a t a are included. Celanese Corp. of America. 26
N e o p r e n e - T r e a t e d Paper. Technical bulletin describes properties, such as w e t strength, i m p a c t strength, a n d chemical resistance, t h a t can b e obtained in various kinds of paper b y adding a few per cent of neoprene rubber latex t o t h e paper p u l p . Bulletin suggests several dozen possible applications. E . I . du P o n t d e N e m o u r s a n d Co. 28 Testing Instruments. A well-illustrated 36-page booklet describes testing instruments for t h e p a i n t a n d other industries. These instruments m a y be used to measure viscosity, film thickness, drying time, hardness, gloss, color, a n d other properties. G a r d n e r Laboratory, I n c . 29 Laboratory Instruments. Winter issue of Instrument News contains articles describing electrophoretic research a n d new double-pass monochromator. Perkin-Elmer Corp. 30
Water Filtration. Booklet covers use of diatomaceous filter aids in t h e purification of water for reclamation a n d recycling in industrial processing a n d in t h e prevention of pollution in waste disposal. Flow sheets of various filtration processes are included. Great Lakes Carbon Corp. 18
Cationic R e s i n . Booklet gives technical d a t a on K y m e n e , a strongly cationic resin for wet-strength paper. Booklet includes sections on t h e properties of resin, applications, properties of wet-strength papers containing resin, a n d testing procedures. Suggested techniques for determining resin retention are described. Hercules Powder Co. 31
P y r o m e t e r s . A 4-page bulletin describes company's line of controlling pyrometers a n d related equipment available in nine t e m p e r a t u r e ranges from —200° t o 3000° F . Service d a t a , circuit diagrams, a n d illustrations are included. Assembly Products, Inc. "i 9
Grinding M e d i u m . Bulletin gives physical properties of B u r u n d u m , as well as comparisons with other grinding m a terials. Results of n u m e r o u s field tests are indicated. U . S. Stoneware Co. 32
Laboratory C l a m p s . L a b o r a t o r y clamps are subject of 12page brochure, which also discusses magnetic stirrers, carboy p u m p , desiccator, a n d electronic relay control. L a b o r a t o r y Industries, I n c . 2©
M i l d e w p r o o f l n g A g e n t s . A 12-page report on mildewproofing agents discusses copper n a p h t h e n a t e and other chemicals. G o v e r n m e n t specifications a n d application m e t h o d s are outlined. Witco Chemical Co. 33
A m i n o A l c o h o l . Bulletin describes properties of 3-aminopropanol, of possible use in t h e synthesis of surface-active agents, dyestuffs, a n d pharmaceuticals. Compound has properties similar to those of other amino alcohols having prim a r y amino a n d hydroxyl groups. However, t h e three-carbon
S e e d T r e a t m e n t s . Booklet discusses ways in which peroxygen chemicals can b e used in seed t r e a t m e n t s t o remove and disinfect t h e seed coat, t o improve t h e germination of seeds, a n d t o enhance t h e gluten quality in w h e a t grain. Buffalo Electro-Chemical Co. 34
