not be appraised in dollars but it is none the less real. How much pain and suffering have been relieved by aniline products! The synthetic dye industry resulted from the investigation aimed to produce a drug the equal of quinine. This work unlocked the treasure box of synthetic chemistry and produced dyes which are capable of producing all kinds of colors on all kinds of fibers. While the original purpose is still unfulfilled and no product has been obtained which is the equal of quinine in all respects, aniline has been converted into several important drugs which are widely used to relieve a variety of ailments. These drugs are among the most important antipyretics, analgesics, and antirheumatics in use today. A study of these products and their behavior in the human body has led to a better understanding of the nature and limitations of the human mechanism. The synthetic period in the development of aniline and its derivatives is divided into two periods-1856-1906 and 1906-1926. The former period is characterized by intensive synthetic work and the formulation of the fundamental principles of the chemistry of carbon compounds. Modern theoretical organic chemistry is based on the structural idea of chemistry as formulated during this period. Most of the important aniline dyes and drugs were synthesized in this period. The latter period is characterized by an extension of the use of aniline beyond the narrow borders of dye and drug chemistry and by the development of aniline and its derivatives in the United States. I t is during this latter period that aniline was applied in the acceleration of the vulcanization of rubber and in the preparation of antiknock motor fuels. The progress made in the manufacture of rubber products is shown by the comparison of the mileage obtained with automobile tires today and that obtained with similar classes of tires five years ago. Millions of dollars have been saved to the automobile public by greater mileage on tires and part of this saving is due to the use of aniline compounds in the manufacture of the rubber. The achievements in synthetic chemistry during the synthetic period under review have been marvelous. New industries have been created and their products have contributed largely to the necessities and luxuries of life, with its ever changing demands; the scope of scientific investigation has been widened, but above all, the science of organic chemistry has been erected on a firm foundation and has become the backbone of modern chemistry. Eastman Awarded British Photographic Medal., George Eastman, of Kodak fame, is the latest recipient of the Progress Medal of the Royal Photographic Society. The medal was awarded for "his inventions, researches, publications and other work." The scientific work accomplished in the Eastman Research Laboratories, at Rochester, N. Y., which be established, was said to have been a large factor in determining the award of the medal.-Science Service
