June,
1920
T H E J O U R N A L OF I N D U S T R I A L A N D ENGINEERING C H E M I S T R Y
613
MELTING POINT OF SODIUM NITRITE Editor of the Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry:
NUMERICAL RELATION BETWEEN CELLS AND TREATMENTS IN EXTRACTION PROCESSES-CORRECTION
Several handbooks give the value of the melting point of sodium nitrite as 213’ C. E. Divers’ gives the melting point as 271 O C., a value which we have found to be substantially correct. W. c. GANGLOFF NATIONAZ ANILINE& CHEMICAL Co.,INC.
In the article of the above title [THIS JOURNAL, 12 (rgzo), 493 J there is a mistake in the arrangement of the tables on page 495, column 2. The first eight equations after the heading “Extractions in Which Every Charge Receives Two Treatments with Fresh Solvent” should appear in the footnote and only the last four equations should be in the body of the text. The correct footnote is as follows:
BUFIIALO, N. Y. March 26, 1920
ENGINEERING DEGREES AT THE COLLEGE OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK The Board of Trustees of the College of the City of New York has authorized the granting of degrees of Chemical, Civil, Electrical, and Mechanical Engineer on the satisfactory completion .of a curriculum requiring five years. The announcement of the details of the curricula will shortly be issued. This is one of the steps taken by the College of the City of New York in the direction of closer coaperation between industry and colleges and universities.
PLATINUM THEFT The University of Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station, Knoxville, Tenn., on April 14, 1920, lost by theft 238.77 grams of platinum, in the form of eight dishes, Nos. 3, 5 , 14, 16, 19, 20, 22, and 23, imprinted by dies. Two of the dishes weighed 2 2 and 23 grams, respectively, while the others weighed 3 1 to 32 grams each. $100reward is offered for recovery. 1
1 The development of similar formulas for extractions in which every LOG.ci6.) charge receives two treatments with fresh solvent (THISJOURNAL, will not be given in detail but following are the formulas for this method of extraction which have been developed by the same method as the foregoing: Simultaneous Pumping n = (3c-t) b (3c-t1)p
a = 3b
+3p
+
e = b
Separate Pumping
n
=
It =
(”‘-
bc(3c-t-l)-(3c-t) bc(3C-t--l)-
(3c--t-1)s-(3c-t-11) 3 (3 c t)
-
p when t is not
multiple of 3
+ (t + 2 ) p + (t/3 - l ) p when t is multiple of 3
a = 36
e =b
e = b +
(t
- 1)s - ( t - 1)p , when t i s not multiple of 3 3 t2
MADISON, WISCONSIN
J. Chem. Soc., 75 (1899), 86.
l)p when t i s multiple of 3
L. F. HAWLEY
WASHINGTON LETTER By J. B. MCDONNBLL. Union Trust Building, Washington, D. C.
Congress very probably will leave Washington without enacting any legislation a t this session to protect the American dye industry. Brought up again on the floor of the Senate by Senator Watson, of Indiana, the dye bill ran up against a determined filibuster and after more than a week was put back on the calendar, where in all probability it will remain until Congress gets back to work following the conventions and campaign. Failure of the dye bill-the strongest of the tariff measures passed by the House this session-to pass the Senate precludes the possibility of action on any of the other tariff measures pending in the Senate, including the Bacharach bill providing for the protection of the war-developed laboratory and scientific and surgical instruments and glassware. The bill for the protection of thegotash industry, which began development in the United States during the war, has been forgotten in the House Ways and Means Committee. The dye bill was brought up on May I , following consideration of budget legislation by the Senate. The attitude of the opposition to the measure was shown as soon as the motion to take up the dye bill was made. Senator Moses, of New Hampshire, who perhaps has been the most bitter opponent of the measure, immediately made a point of no quorum, and Senator King, of Utah, Democrat, demanded a division on the vote on the motion, which, however, was carried easily. As had been predicted, the dye bill had sufficient votes to pass it if it can be brought to a vote. It still has the required number of votes, although opponents have been working hard in the cloakrooms to convert supporters to their way of thinking: Support of the dye bill was voiced in a speech by Senator Frelinghuysen, of New Jersey, Republican, as soon as the bill was taken up. He supported the measure, the New Jersey Senator told the Senate, because of its importance to the national defense. He considered it second in importance only to the army and navy bills. Before the war, German interests, through partial or complete control of raw and semi-manufactured material, largely controlled the production of textiles, medical supplies, including aspirin and salvarsan and many other drugs in every-day use, electrical and automotive equipment, candy, chemicals, raw materials, and last b u t not least, coal-tar dyes, the key t o the whole organic chemical industry.
Senator Frelinghuysen said: These industries and many others which I cannot at the present recall
have passed into American hands. G e r m y patents filed in the United States are now controlled for America’s needs and uses and secrets heretofore protected by laws against American competition are revealed t o American manufacturers for the public benefit and profit. It is safe, therefore, t o assume t h a t with the passage of this bill the industrial influence which before the war Germany exercised in this country can never be restored. If Germany’s industrial mailed fist extended across the seas and crushed this industry before the war and was prevented during the war, Germany’s mailed fist is again appearing in opposition t o this bill at the present time. I am told t h a t agents in this country representing the German cartel, the powerful corporation that practically prevented t h e American industry from prospering before the war, are already conspiring and conniving and already have their lobby here in Washington t o prevent the passage of this bill.
Quoting from a letter written by Thomas A. Edison, to Dr. Charles L. Parsons, in which Mr. Edison said that he had first manufactured aniline oil at the request of textile mills to prevent them from shutting down, Senator Frelinghuysen continued: I want t o bear on t h a t “to prevent the mills in this country from shutting down.” I mention it to point out the selfishness of those textile industries in this country that are now opposing this measure. They have forgotten the great service rendered t o them during the war when the supply of dyes and other products was cut off by reason of the war. They have forgotten that; and now, when they can get some of these raw materials and these dyes cheaper, they are indifferent t o the interests of this great industry which was created during the war, and are opposing this legislation intended t o protect and t o retain t h a t industry for America The story of the dye industry is one t h a t shows the pitiful plight of a great country whose statesmen have lacked the vision to see t h a t encouragement of industrial progress through the development of science was essential t o the safety of the country and its people, who had placed their destiny in their hands.
Faced with a filibuster and threats to “talk the bill to death,” supporters made little speech-making. Senator Thomas, of Colorado, Democrat, and declared opponent of every tariff measure reported from the Finance Committee, followed Senator Frelinghuysen. Senator Thomas began his speech of opposition on Monday, and held the floor until Saturday. Enactment of the dye bill would mean a monopoly, he declared, and quoted a t considerable length from the statement made before
