Demonstration: Observations vs. Inferences FOR THE TEACHER Summary In this demonstration, students will learn the difference between observation and inferences. Resource Type Demonstration
Submitted by: Gayle Estrada Our Savior New American School in Centereach, New York Thanks to: Flinn Scientific
Grade Level Elementary, middle, or high school
Objectives By the end of this lesson, students will understand • How important it is not to jump to conclusions. • That making careful observations is an important skill. Chemistry Topics This lesson supports students’ understanding of • Observations Time Teacher Preparation: 5 minutes Lesson: 20 minutes Materials For each group: • String cheese (any white variety) • Knife • Almond sliver • Lighter Safety • Always wear safety goggles when working in a chemistry lab. • Always use caution around open flames. Keep flames away from flammable substances. Teacher Notes • Before class begins, take a piece of string cheese and cut it into small pieces to resemble a birthday candle. Insert an almond sliver into the top so it resembles the “wick” of the candle. Keep “candle” hidden until needed. • Start explaining to students the difference between observations and inferences. Instruct the students to take out a piece of paper and write down their observations. Then take out the “candle,” light it, and encourage the students to take careful observational notes on the item. Walk around the room and then casually blow it out. Ask the students to read aloud some of their observations. Most likely, someone will say it’s a candle. • After solidifying the notion that it’s a candle around the room, eat the so-called candle. Be amazed as your students shriek in horror. If you are brave enough, the shock value of this demo could be enhanced by placing the lit “candle” into your mouth before blowing it out.
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Finish off by explaining the differences between observation and inferences and how important it is for scientists to take accurate observational notes and not jump to conclusions as they quickly did.
