Outlook Bleak for Aid to Education President's insistence on an omnibus package bill may kill education aid proposal President Kennedy's massive 24-point proposal for federal aid to education (C&EN, Feb. 4, page 19) seems unlikely to win Congressional approval. The reason is the omnibus package, which lumps proposals for aid for science education, college construction, improvement in quality of teaching, and primary and secondary schools in one monster bill. Congressional leaders fear that sections of the bill which have bipartisan support will go down to defeat along with other sections for which there is either no support or vigorous opposition. Rep. Adam Clayton Powell (D.N.Y.), chairman of the House Committee on Education and Labor, introduced the Administration bill, H.R. 3000. He believes that the package approach is the only way to handle the problem, but he warns that unless all the forces of education come together and speak as one, federal aid for education is finished for the immediate future. But committee member Rep. Edith Creen (D.-Ore.) regrets the omnibus approach, which puts all education proposals in one bill. Republican members of the committee are firmly opposed. Ranking minority member Rep. Peter Frelinghuysen (R.-N.J.) calls the bill "an invitation to disaster." He savs that
Wide World Photos
President Kennedy "Education c a n n o t . . . be divided"
even if the committee approves the bill, it will sink without trace in the welter of debate. Rep. Albert Quie (R.-Minn.) is critical of the President's failure to set priorities in aid to education. He believes that Congress should have the opportunity to act on individual proposals where agreement can be reached. But President Kennedy insists on the package approach. In his message transmitting the education proposals to Congress, he said, "This bill should be considered as a whole, as a combination of elements designed to solve problems that have no single solution. Education cannot easily or wisely be divided into separate parts; each part is linked to the other." As hearings on U.K. 3000 opened last week before the House Education Committee, Rep. Frelinghuysen predicted that the committee will either "chop up" the bill or ignore it. Science Boost. The President's proposal puts heavy stress on technical education and programs designed to aid science. Under the National Defense Education Act, 1500 graduate fellowships may be granted each year. The President proposes to increase this to 12,000 a year. Of this number, 10,000 regular graduate fellowships would be awarded; 2000 would be summer-session fellowships. In addition, the budget for the National Science Foundation has been increased so that NSF may increase fellowships and teaching grants for graduate study from 2800 in 1963 to 8700 in fiscal 1964. These proposals, the President says, carry out the program of his science advisory committee to increase the supply of Ph.D.'s in engineering, mathematics, and the physical sciences (C&EN, Dec. 31, 1962, page 13). The President proposes a program of federal grants to institutions of higher education for construction of graduate centers. Grants would be distributed on a wide geographical basis. The President says, "We need many more graduate centers and they should be better distributed geographically. New industries increasingly gravitate to or are innovated by strong centers of learning and re-
First order of business:
TWA TO THE CONVENTION American Chemical Society Los Angeles, M a r c h 3 1 , April 5
You'll arrive rested a n d ready for b u s i n e s s . T W A gives you oneairline service to your convention from most major U . S . cities. Fly F i r s t C l a s s a n d enjoy T W A ' s international cuisine. O r choose comfortable Coach at moneysaving fares. Don't delay—make your reservations to your convention now. Call your travel agent or nearest T W A office. Nationwide Worldwide depend
FEB.
on \
TWA
1 1 , 196 3 C & E N
*
31
Precision Temperature
Control!
J
UMO
CONTACT THERMOMETERS with ROTARY SETTING MAGNET •
Instant temperature justment
ad-
•
All operating parts sealed in
• No loose connections— no erratic contacts • Temperature maintained to 0.01 °C This regulating and control thermometer, in a single unit, gives excellent service for lengthy periods at up to 3 0 0 0 switching actions per hour. The upper portion comprises the temperature selector, the lower p a r t the mercury reservoir and control thermometer with stem. A molded bakelite cap encloses the terminals and carries the rotary setting magnet, rotation of which moves the setting bar to the desired temperature setting. Regulation is effected by a contact wire attached to the setting b a r and extending through a sliding contact into the control thermometer where it makes contact with the mercury as the latter rises in the c a p i l l a r y .
Catalog 150mm Catalog 300mm
No. C-98770 stem length No. C-98772 stem length
RANGE 0 - 50°C
1
o_ioo°c 0-150°C 0-200°C 0-250°C 0-300°C
x
7
PRICE $28.00 $28.00 $30.00 $31.00 $33.00 $35.00
Please specify stem length and r a n g e when o r d e r i n g
STANDARD SCIENTIFIC
Sufyily &n£. J
L A B O R A T O R Y APPARATUS
.
• OS B R O A D W A Y NEW YORK 3. N.Y.
REAGENTS A N D CHEMICALS
* 75th Anniversary Year *
32 C&EN FEB. 11, 1963
search. The distressed area of the future may well be one which lacks centers of graduate education and resear ch." The President also proposes a program of grants to aid public and private nonprofit institutions to train scientific, engineering, and medical technicians. Training would be a twoyear course of college-level instruction. This should bring the ratio of technicians to scientists and engineers closer to the ideal of three to one rather than the present figure of less than one to three, the President says. College Aid. To take care of the shortage of college classrooms, the President wants a program of loans to public and private nonprofit colleges and universities to build needed facilities. He points out that, in many colleges, students with adequate modern dormitories and living quartersthanks to the College Housing A c t are crammed into outmoded, overcrowded classrooms, laboratories, and libraries. College students would also get more financial help under the President's program. Under XDEA there is a ceiling of S90 million on student loans. President Kennedy would boost this ceiling to $135 million in fiscal 1964 and remove it completely in subsequent years. In addition, he would extend to all teachers—elementary, secondary, college, and university—the provision of XDEA which forgives up to 50r/r of a loan. The President also proposes a new program of federal insurance for commercial loans made to students to finance their education. This program would be similar to FHA programs for housing and is designed to encourage banks to make more loans for educational purposes. Another new program would provide on-campus work of an educational character to help students pay off their loans. The Government would pay up to half the cost of this program. The National Defense Education Act puts a ceiling of $250,000 a year on the federal contribution to the student loan fund at an individual school. The President says this limits loan funds at 989r of the schools now taking part in the program. He would remove this ceiling completely. Other Proposals. One part of the program is aimed at improving the quality of education. The President has expanded the National Science Foundation budget for its program in
Wide World Photos
Rep. Peter Frelinghuysen (R.-N.J.) "An invitation to disaster" science and mathematics course materials. He has also budgeted more money for the educational research program of the U.S. Office of Education. And he has increased NSF's budget for training institutes for teachers in natural sciences, mathematics, engineering, and social sciences. The President also asks Congress to enact legislation to broaden the Cooperative Research Act to authorize support of centers for multipurpose educational research and for development and demonstration programs. To help elementary and secondary education, the President proposes a four-year program of grants to the states. Under their own individual programs, states could use the money to: • Increase teachers' salaries. • Build classrooms. • Start pilot, experimental, or demonstration projects to meet special educational problems. Federal grants under this program would be available only to public schools. Some of the President's proposed programs would run for three years, seme for four years, and others for five years. The President put no price tag on the cost of his education program, but H E W Secretary Anthony Celebrezze estimates that the whole package could cost as much as $5.3 billion over a five-year period.
Available now a substitute for acetylene black!
If you've been searching for a substitute for acetylene black, we suggest you test Vulcan®XC-72 R carbon black by Cabot. Vulcan XC-72 R is an extra conductive oil furnace black combining three important characteristics which make it an ideal replacement: 1) extremely high conductivity, 2) high structure and 3) excellent thickening properties. Vulcan X C - 7 2 R is the fluffy form. This black is also available in pellet form as Vulcan X C - 7 2 at a lower price. Please write today for complete information and test samples. Special Blacks Division
CABOT
CABOT CORPORATION
r~ CABOT CORPORATION, Special Blacks Division —
CEN
125 HIGH STREET, BOSTON 10. MASSACHUSETTS PLEASE SEND ME DATA AND TEST SAMPLES OF VULCAN XC-72R • AND VULCAN XC-72 • Name
_Title
Company Address __ City
_Zone_
_State
.J Cabot Corp. U. S. A. Sales Offices AKRON 8, OHIO, 518 Ohio Building — FRanklim 6-5168. CHICAGO 4, ILLINOIS. 141 West Jackson Boulevard — WEbster 9-6480, DALLAS 1 , TEXAS, 1712 Commerce Street — Riverside 1-6117. LOS ANGELES 5, CALIFORNIA. 3350 Wilshire Boulevard — DUnkirk 2-7333, NEW BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY 46 Bayard Street — Kilmer 5-1828, NEW YORK 17, NEW YORK, 529 Fifth Avenue — YUkon 6-7127
PHILLIPS OFFERS
Dithio Ethers R-S-CH2-CH2-S-R R = Ethyl Physical Form
Liquid
Boiling Point, C 227° R = tert»Butyl Physical Form
Liquid
Boiling Point, C 250°
Ethylene Trithiocarbonate A s s
C&EN
CHARTS
Stock prices continued to work higher during the first few weeks of 1 9 6 3 . The pace was not quite so fast as it was late last fall, however. The overall market climbed about 1 5 % last November. Since then, it has advanced an additional 6 % , with practically all of the gain coming since the end of 1 9 6 2 . Chemical stocks, up a little more than 1 5 % during the November rally, have moved in step with the over-all advance since then.
of automobile production, rising steel output, record earnings for such bellwether companies as Standard Oil ( N J . ) and Du Pont, and dividend increases fVom several firms have helped bolster investors' confidence. By and large, though, business activity merely has held steady since last spring.
The current trend on Wall Street, however, reflects no parallel trend in broad business statistics. High levels
Dividend Yield Chemicals
1 1 H2C ~ CH2
Percent 4.0 —
Melting Point, C 33.8° Boiling Point, C 320°
•1963 .1962
3.5
SAIkylthioglycolic
Acids
// R-S-CH2-C-OH
Price-Earnings Ratio Chemicals 30
3.0 2.5 2.0 i I I I I I ! I I I I I I D J F M A M J J A S O N D
O
Last year was a good one, certainly. Latest figures on sales from the Department of Commerce underscore this point. Manufacturers' sales for the full year were 8 % higher than in 1961, hitting $ 3 9 9 billion. Sharpest
15
I I I ! I I I I I I I I | D J F M A M J J A S O N D
R = tert- Butyl Physical Form
Liquid
Boiling Point, C 265° R = tert-0ctyl Physical Form
Cash Dividends-Chemical Industry
R = tert-Dodecyl
Liquid
Boiling Point, C 310°
Physical Form
Liquid
Boiling Point, C 375°
Offered f o r sale in e x p e r i m e n t a l q u a n t i t i e s . W r i t e f o r prices and additional data.
PHILLIPS PETROLEUM CO. Special Products Division Bartlesville, Oklahoma Dept. J
Source: Dept. of Commerce
Bill ions of Dollars 1.2
1.0
0.N
0.6
0.4
0.2
1959 Phone: FEderal 6 - 6 6 0 0 34
C&EN
FEB.
11, 1963
1960
1961
1962
This Week In Business gains came in the automobile, rubber, textile, fabricated metals, and aerospace industries. The chemical industry also did better than average; its record sales of $32.8 billion were nearly 1 0 % higher than those of
1961. But most of the gain came in the first half; last December's dollar volume was only 2 % ahead of a year earlier for all manufacturers and 3 % for chemicals. Dividend payments last year also
FEBRUARY
11,
1963
hit a new high. Total cash dividends by all corporations issuing public reports totaled $15.1 billion, a 6.5% rise. The chemical industry increased its payments to stockholders by 3 % to $1.13 billion.
C&EN INDEX OF STOCK PRICES January 195Jf, Opening Prices = 100
Drugs
Chemicals 550
550
500
500
V 400
Feb. 1
400
397.8 Feb. 1 291.5 300
300
21 Others
200
\
!
N ^ ^ v^
\
247.4
247.4
222.2
j V
200
SEC \ , Composite Index
'-'Big 7 150
150 2nd Qtr. 1962
3rd Qtr.
4th Qtr.
1st Qtr. 1963
2nd Qtr. 1962
4th Qtr.
3rd Qtr.
1st Qtr. 1963
Rubber
Petroleum 550
550
500
500
400
400
Feb. 1 318.8
Feb.l 284.0 300
300
\ 247.4
^
247.4
200
200
150 2nd Qtr. 1962
3rd Qtr.
4th Qtr.
1st Qtr. 1963
150
2nd Qtr. 1962
3rd Qtr.
4th Qtr.
FEB.
1st Qtr. 1963
1 1 , 196 3 C & E N
35
