P-E Analytical N e w s • Faster sample analysis • Refrigerated columns expand scope of VPC • To magnify molecules: make little ones out of big ones
VPC AND IR TEAMWORK SPEEDS ANALYSIS Many lab directors perforce spend a great deal of time redeploying personnel and instruments to deal with a growing work load of sample analysis. Often this problem can be kept neatly in hand by pairing vapor phase chromatog raphy and infrared together in an ana lytical team. VPC provides the analyst with pure compounds for reference, or with partially separated materials which simplify spectroscopic analysis. IR in turn gives him fast, positive identification and measurement of the eluted fractions shortly after they appear. But this teamwork idea becomes even more useful when appropriate instruments for both techniques are available to the bench chemist. Then routine samples need not go to fhe central lab at all — the chem ist simply turns to the spectrophotometer to identify an elusive component while others are eluting in the fractometer. Until recently the complexity and cost of spectrophotometers made this team work idea a bit visionary. However, now that P-E is in production on the Infracord*, a simple, low-cost double beam spectrophotometer, it is entirely practical for the chemist to perform complete anal yses of routine samples at the bench in a fraction of the time once required. Thus VPC and IR techniques when teamed together complement each other to increase the routine and research capac ity of your laboratories. * T.M.
REFRIGERATED COLUMN ACCESSORY EXTENDS RANGE OF VPC IN LIGHT GAS ANALYSIS Never ones to rest on their laurels, PerkinElmer VPC specialists are "gilding the lily" with i m p r o v e d techniques in an already excellent process. We mean new hardware for Perkin-Elmer® Vapor Fractometers in the form' of helical columns for separation of light hydrocarbons and gases at zero degrees Centigrade and lower. Chromatographers are already perform ing adequate "light end" analyses with other Perkin-Elmer columns — D, Ε, Η, I, J — but these new columns for refrigera tion do the job far better! Laboratories daily find that gas identifications per formed in "frozen" columns afford higher
COPPER OXIDE COMBUSTOR IMPROVES DETECTOR SENSITIVITY OF VAPOR FRACTOMETER
Helical column in refrigerated flask replaces conventional column in P-E M o d e l 154-C Vapor Fractometer, is connected to detector block by plastic t u b i n g . Accessory can be used with all models of P-E chromatographic instruments.
resolutions, better separations and easier qualitative and quantitative analysis. Air pollution studies, trace analysis of light gases and checks of many industrial hydrocarbon mixes are among the obvious applications for this low t e m p e r a t u r e equipment. Available as an accessory for all Perkin-Elmer Vapor Fractometers, it greatly extends the use range of these instruments. Essentially, the refrigerated column ac cessory consists of a Dewar flask modified with an exterior casing and cap to contain a helical chromatographic column. The latter is connected to the detector block by a length of "Tygon" tubing. The Dewar flask is packed with ice and salt or other refrigerant to hold the column tempera I N S T R U M
M o d e l 154-C Vapor Fractometer and Infracord Spectrophotometer give chemist both quantita tive and qualitative analysis of sample almost simultaneously.
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For its new Model 154-C Vapor Frac tometer, P-E has developed an ingenious accessory that increases detector sensitiv ity and prevents contamination of detec tors and vent lines. This is the copper oxide combustor — basically a tube containing CuO and sur rounded by a heating element. Its function is to convert hydrocarbon sample com ponents to CO2 and H2O prior to, or succeeding, their passage through the chromatographic column. For example, in a conventional run, C in the vapor state. Also, the combustor prevents contami nation of detectors and vent lines. This nettlesome problem is eliminated when heavy hydrocarbon components which often deposit contaminating films are con verted to innocuous CO2 and water. The CuO combustor affords the analyst still another advantage when it is con nected ahead of the column. In that posi tion it converts hydrocarbons to COo and H2O, and the column may be used to sep arate the oxidation products. The recorded fractogram may then be used for the de termination of carbon-hydrogen ratios.
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ture at 0°C or below, at which level clean separations even of very low boilers may be obtained with ease. Three columns, designed to fit the im mersion flask, are available. One, contain ing a liquid partition stationary phase, separates saturated and unsaturated Ci to C,-, hydrocarbons with gratifying efficiency and dispatch. It can also be used without the immersion flask at ambient tempera tures where the type of sample permits. Another column of interest to the petro leum industry operates in a range of —9° to + 2 0 ° C , and is intended for analysis of saturated and unsaturated light hydro carbons that would be difficult to measure by regular column techniques. A third variation successfully resolves the com ponents of air, hence is well suited for pollution studies.
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