INDEX Chlorinated hydrocarbon 103 pesticides 102 Chlorine 78 Cholinesterase 29 inhibition 29 techniques 27 Chlordan 12 19 group Chlorobenzene 103 4-Chloro-2-nitrotoluene 173 Chromatographic media 123 peak identities, gas 143 Chromatography, temperatureprogrammed 49 Chromic acid oxidation 16 Chromogenic reagents 124 Chromophore 97,107 in organic pesticides 99 Clean- up 121 Colorimetric 34,176 methods 30 Column chromatography 159 Combined instruments detection levels of 8 gas chromatography—mass spectrometry, applications of . . . 132 Computerized data acquisition . . 9 Confirmation of identity 151 of residues 134 Confirmatory tests 14 Criteria of identification, adequate 156 Cyclodienes 14
Pesticides Identification Downloaded from pubs.acs.org by 79.133.106.134 on 11/16/18. For personal use only.
A Abate mosquito larvicide, infrared spectra of 90 Absorptivity 82 Acetylcholine 30 Acetylthiocholine iodide 31 Agar-agar diffusion techniques . . . 31 Aldrin 14,158 group 16 Alkali flame detector 43,60 Analysis fields requiring sensitive 4 of heteroatoms 66 instrumental 6 limits of ultramicro 1 methods of 34 process 6 sensitivity at ultramicro 1 Aniline derivative pesticides 108 Antigen 163 Antiserum 173 Aroclor 146 Aromatic amine chromophore . . . 107 Aromatic compounds 100,102 Assay 34 Autoanalyzer 30 Azobenzenearsonate 175
B Background current Bathochromic shift Baytex Beers law Benthane Benzene Benzoid chromophore Bovine plasma protein Bromobenzene interaction, sodium
49 98 113 82 103 100 100 169 47
D
C Capillary-type trapping device . . . Carbamate insecticides pesticides, residues of Carbophenothion 121,125, Carboxylesterase inhibition Carrier gas regulation Chemical derivatization techniques, organochlorine residue identity
85 27 28 78 127 34 32 168 49 11
Dasanit 125 DDA 173 DDA-fibrinogen 175 DDD 14 DDE 14,147,156 DDT 14, 33, 77,103,147,167,173 group 13 Dehydrochlorination confirmation 15 mechanisms 21 Derivatization 13 Detectability, lower limit of ultraviolet 115 Detection levels of combined instruments . 8 limits of 4
179
PESTICIDES
180 Detectors electrical conductivity 73 electron capture 73 microcoulometric 73 Determination of halide content . . 68 Diazinon 113,129 3,4-Dichloroaniline 108 2,4-Dichlorophenol 105 Dieldrin 14,158 Dimethoate 125 Dipterex 30 Diquat 109 Diuron 108 Doped flame 40 Dual channel system 56 photomultiplier arrangement . . . 56 E Electrical conductivity detectors 73 discharge 75 Electrolytic conductivity detector 78 Electron capture detector 73, 74, 76 transfer 101 transitions 96 Endosulfan 14,23 Endrin 14,91,159 Enzymatic techniques 27 Esterase inhibition 32,35 Expoxidation 19 F Fenuron 108 Fields requiring sensitive analysis 4 Flame detector 39 high-energy 39 hydrogen-air diffusion 40 ionization detector 41 photometric detector 55 production of 44 Flow chart of separation and identification processes 5 rates 66 Fluctuations 57 Fluorescent equilibrium probes . . 31 Fluorogenic substrates 31 Fragmentation patterns 133 G GC injection 8 Gas chromatography 6,73,83 mass spectrometry, combined . . 132 peak identities 143 Gas-liquid chromatography 11,39, 154, 176 Gel permeation chromatography . . 159 Gibberellic acid 175 Guthion 30
IDENTIFICATION
H Halide content, determination of . . 68 Halogen response profiles 62,63 Haptens 166 Hemagglutination 174 Heptachlor 12,19 Herbicide residues 144 Heterochromatic light 96 Heterocyclic compounds 109 High-energy flames 39 Hydrogen-air diffusion flame 40 I Identification 6 adequate criteria of 156 methods assay 29,34 carboxylesterase 34 colorimetric 30, 34,176 fluorogenic 34 manometric 34 potentiometric 29, 34 titrimetric 34 chromatography 49,123,143 column 159 gas 6,73,83,143,176 gas-liquid 11,39,154 gel permeation 159 paper 119,120,154 thin-layer 83,85,119,120, 133,154 detectors 132 electron capture 73, 74,76 electrical conductivity 78,95 flame ionization 39, 41 flame potentiometric 55 gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry . . . 132 Karmen-Giuffrida 43 leak 41 microcoulometric 73 thermionic 43 spectrometry 176 infrared 81,90 mass 7,133 multiple scan 85 ultraviolet 95,110,113,116 processes, flow chart of separation and 5 of trace constituents 156 Immune globulin 163 Immunological techniques 162,167 3-Indoleacetic acid 175 Indophenyl acetate 30 Infrared microtechniques 81 spectrophotometry 81 Instrumental analysis 6 Instruments, detection levels of combined 8 Interference 82 spectrometry, multiple scan 85
181
INDEX Interfering responses Inverted peaks Iodobenzene interaction, sodium Ionization source, nickel-63
12
O
48 3 75
Karmen-Giuffrida
43
Organic pesticides, chromophores in 99 Organochlorine insecticides 153 metabolites 22 pesticides 141,143 pesticides, order of reactivity of 18 Organonitrogen pesticides 78 Organophosphates 27,126 Organophosphorus pesticides . . . . 137
detector
L Leak detector Limits of detection of ultramicro analysis Lindane Lipid materials Lower limit of ultraviolet detectability
41 4 1 23, 78 4 115
M Malathion 30,125,127,167 -fibrinogen 175 Malathron 173 Manometric 34 methods 30 Mass analyzer 8 spectrometry 7,133 Methoxychlor 14 Methyl parathion 121 Methyl Trithion 121 Mevinphos 125 Microcoulometric detector 73, 77 methods 172 Micro potassium bromide pellets . . 86 Microtechniques, infrared 81 Miniaturization 74 Misidentification 11 Misinterpretation 77 Multidetector 7 systems 12,132,151 Multiple internal reflectance 88 scan interference spectrometry . . 85
N Naphthalene 106 1-Naphthyl chloroacetate 136 Negative response 61 Nickel-63 as an ionization source 75 Nicotine 109 Nitrogen 78 and carbon response profiles . . . 64 p-Nitrophenol 173 Noise 42,57 Nucleophilic reagents 15
PCB 12,23 Paper chromatography 120,154 and thin-layer chromatography, application of 119 Parathion 29,56,113,137,138 Paraquat 109 Paraxon 29 Partition between immiscible solvents 159 Peak identities, gas chromatographic 143 Peak-overlap 14,17 Pentachlorophenol 135 Pesticide analysis 171 Pesticides aldrin 14,16,158 aniline derivatives 108 carbamate 27, 28 carbophenothion 121,125,127 chlorinated hydrocarbon 102 chlordan 12,19 DDD 14 DDE 14,147,156 DDT 13,14,33,77,103, 147,167,173 Dansanit 125 Diazinon 113,129 dieldrin 14,158 dimethoate 125 Dipterex 30 diquat 109 diuron 108 endrin 14,91,159 endosulfan 14, 23 Guthion 30 heptachlor 12, 19 lindane 23, 78 malathion 30,125,127,167,175 mevinphos 125 methoxychlor 14 methyl parathion 121 Methyl Trithion 121 nicotene 72 organochlorine 141,143 organonitrogen 78 organophosphorus 137 Parathion 29, 56,113,137,138 paraquat 109
PESTICIDES
182
Paraxon 29 phenolic ester 107 ronnel 30 Sevin 30 triazine 79,111 Trithion 30,122 Phenol 98,104 red 30 Phenolic chromophore 104 ester pesticides 107 ethers 105,106 residues 135 Polychlorinated biphenyls 155 Phosphorus 78 detector 43 response profiles 65 Platinum electrodes 40, 48 Polychlorinated biphenyls 146 Potassium bromide pellets, micro 86 -trimethylphosphate interaction . 46 Potentiometric 34 methods 29 Precipitation 168 Preferential reductive dechlorination 17 Process, analytical 6 Pyridine chromophore 109 Pyrolysis system 77
Q Quantitation Quantitative chromatography
....
5 127
R
R values Residues of A C D 1 5 M of carbamate pesticides confirmation of Response profiles halogen nitrogen and carbon phosphorus Ronnel f
153,176 78 79 78 134, 159 49 62,63 64 65 30
Separator 8 Serological test methods 168 Sevin 30 1-naphthol 106 Sodium -bromobenzene interaction 47 -iodobenzene interaction 48 trimethylphosphate interaction . . 46 Solvents 99 partition between immiscible . . 159 in spectral analysis 99 systems 99 Specificity 34,165,174 Spectra-structure correlations 95 Spectral analysis, solvents in 99 Spectrophotometric methods 176 Spectrophotometry, ultraviolet . . . 116 Spotting 122 Stereochemical structures 22 Structural arrangement of atoms . . 133 Sulfur 78
T Tanned cell hemagglutination . . . 169 Techniques, immunological . . . . 162,167 Temperature-programmed chromatography programming 55 Thermionic detector 43 Thin-layer cellulose media 129 chromatography . .83, 85,120,133,154 Thiodan 77 Thymidine 175 Titration cell 78 Titrimetric 34 methods 29 Trace, constituents identification of 156 Tracer cosmos 2, 3 Trapping 83 device, capillary-type 85 Triazine 79 chromophore, sym110 pesticides Ill Trimethylphosphate interaction potassium46 sodium46 Trithion 30,122 Two-detector system 7
S Salt tips 45 Sample extraction cleanup 33 Saponification 13 Selective halogenation 17 Selectivity 41, 53, 55, 75 Sensitivity 36, 41, 55,75, 82, 86,167 limits 4,50 shifts 49 at ultramicro analysis 1 Separation and identification processes, flow chart of 5
IDENTIFICATION
U Ultramicro analysis, limits of Ultraviolet micro spectrophotometry photometric detector spectrophotometry Uridine
1 110 113 95,116 175
W Wavelength Wick stick
of absorption
97 88
