BOOK REVIEWS second edition. Additional mechanisms, such as the oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes, the formation of diazonium salts, and the decomposition reactions of diaeonium salts, have been included. The presentation of the structural formulas and the uses of important organic compounds have been brought up to date as evidenced by the addition of suoh compounds as Blankophor R, laurent acid, rotenone, oxvtocin. vitamin B,,.. resowine. , . . Mvlar. . . and orinbs~. \I:tny new topic*, stwh : , Q x nwthod forwc~rt,~~rtiug llw m w I i t u I i o n of Ilr,t.:tr prolt.in.;, ~ h clw!titlr? r 01 lmn,rr and aluminum organometnllica, earbodiimides,
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aeine dyes, epichlorohydrins,and urethane rubbers, have been added. Some of the material has been revised, such as the discussions of the mechanism of the dehydration of an alcohol, the action of soaps and detergents, physical aspects of vulcanimtion, and the structure of starch and inulin. This extensive treatment of organic chemistry is well written. Hovrever, those individuals who desire to emphasize the relationship of bonding with the chemical properties of molecules might find the text inadequate. On the other hand, teachers currently utilising the first edition ss a text will tind this revision to be quite satisfactory. All will find the bookworthy of consideration.
In sddition to the use of the hook as a text, students will become aware of its d u e as a reference. Unfortunately, the theoretical aspects are presented in smaller print and some students might minimize the imoortance of this material as an aid far obtaining s. better understanding of the reactions of organic compounds.
H. A. N E I D I ~ Lebana Valley College Annville, Pansylvania Petroleum Reflnery Engineering
W . L. Nelson, Professor of Petroleum Refining, University of Tulsa. 4th ed. McGmw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, 1958. xiii 960 pp. Many figs. and tables. 16.5 X 23.5 om. $15.
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"When first published (in 1936) a main purpose of this book was the introduction of the principles of chemical engineering to the petroleum nfining industry. The situation is now reversed. The chemical industry now looks to petroleum refiners for leadership in the development of many phases of chemical engineering, especially those related to the largescale processing of fluids and to the application d catalysts!' The increasing size of "Petroleum Refinery Engineering" reflects the expansion and inereasine eomolexitv of the oetro-
data appear here, particularly the analyses and properties of foreign and domestic crude oils and petroleum products. The chapter titles are almost the same in the third and fourth editions, except for the omission of the previous Chapter I explaining the relationship of chemical engineering and petroleum engineering. The first 12 chapters deal with processing of petroleum: composition of petroleum, refinery products and test methods, evaluation of oil stocks, physical properties of oetroleum oil. introduction to nroces-
solvent treating or extraction processes, dewaxing. Following a group of chapters on unit operations are four more chapters on processing: thermal cracking and deoomposition processes, rebuilding hydrocarbons, catalytic cracking and reforming, natural and refinery gases. The unit operations most important in the refinery are: fluid mechanics, combustion, vaporization and condensation, fractionation and towers, heat transfer and exchangers, tubestill heater^, The final two chapters discuss the economics of design and give a typical design calculation. Appendixes give data,on ~etroleumproducts and crude oils. Although this is a textbook, problems are not included in the book. Illustrated problems are worked a t appropriate places. Many references are given to source material. Many of the tables and charts reoresent data that the author
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BOOK REVIEWS what is being done in praotice, rather than theory alone. The chapter on economics of de~ignshows how the Nelson cost index tits with other genord indexes and enables the refinery engineer to keep up-to-date through material that Prof. Nelson publishes in the Oil and Gas Jownal. The book is as up-tc-date as jet fuels and reforming processes. Anyone interested in p~troleumprocessing or refinery engineering will want this book.
KENNETH A. KOBE University of Tezas Amtin
Chemistry and Uses of Pesticides
E. R. de Ong, Agricultural Technologist, 2nd ed. Universit,y of California. Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York, 1956. vii 334 pp. 18 figs. 19 tables. 16 X 23.5 em. $8.75.
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The literature on pesticides has become so voluminous that those who have not specialized in this field, but need t o know more about recent developments in it, will welcome a book which d ~ a l swith the important insecticides, fungicides, rodenticides, weed killers, repellents, and seed protectants. Within the relatively narrow confines of 340 pages an amazingly hrge amount of material has been covered concisively
and authorit;~tivelywith due regard to the most recent discoveries in science, teohnology, and their application. I t s camprehensiveness without superficiality will be appreciated not only by those directly engaged in the production and distribution of agricultural chemicals, but also by instructors in college:~s and voeationrtl schools, progressive farmers, and extension workers as well as students of chemistry, entomology, biology, and agronomy. Of particular value for all t,he named interested persons will be the appendixes containing a dictionary of pesticides, a glossaly, tolerances, and mtidatcs. I t is unfortunate that the general index does not mention items contained in the book (for instance fungicides) and thus makes it difficult for the uninitiated t o locate them.
FRANCIS JOSEPH WEISS Arlington, Virginia
Effects of Radiation on Materids
Edited by J . J . Hamood, U.S . Office of Naval Researoh; Henry H. Hausner, Consultant t o the Martin Co.; J. G. Morse, Nuclear Division, the Martin Ca.; itnd W. G. Raztch, U. S. Office of Naval Rerearch. Reinhold Publishing Corp., xeu, York, 1959. v 3.55 pp. 16 X 23.5 cm. $10.50.
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The colloquium on this theme sponsored by ONR itnd the Martin Company a t Johns Hopkina in March 1957 created such great interest among research seientists and engineers, that the papers there presented have been published here in book farm. Eaoh chapter is a. review of the unclassified information on same phase of the effects of high energy radiabion on nan-living materials. The stature, of each contributor as an authority is unquestioned, hence the papers are indispensable to anyone wanting to become familiar with the 1957 status of knowledge. Metals and alloys, inorganic dielectrics, semiconductors and all apecialized reactor component materials are discussed. One quarter of the book deals with the effects of radiation on organic materid-chiefly po1,vmers. Each of the 11 chspt,ers lists many literature references. 779 items appear in a. camprehensive hibliagraphy as an appendix. .4 very good index adds t o the utility of the volume. W. F. K.
Frontiers in Science
Edited by Edward Hukhings, Jr., Califomis. Institute of Technology. Basic Books, Inc., New York, 1958. vi 362 pp. 11.5 X 21 cm. 86.
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Mike Wallace in a recent radio interview -4th Robert M. Hutebins, for the Fund for the Republic, asked him if pereonal he had worked out,. . ."a philosophy of what kind of world we should be striving for." Dr. Hutrhins
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