Anal. Chem. 1989, 61,269R-304R (F52) Gurman. S.J.; Diakun, G.; Dobson, S.;Abell, S.; Greaves, G. N.; Jordan. R. J. Phys. C , Solidstate 1988, 2 7 , L475. (F53) Zhang, K.; Bunker, G. B.; Zhang, G.; Zhao, 2 . X.; Chen, L. Q.; Huang, Y. 2.Phys. Rev. B 1988, 3 7 , 3375. (F54) Sacchl, M.; Corni, F.; Antoninl, G. M.; Calandra, C.; Matacotta, F. C. 2. Phys. B, CondensedMetter 1988, 7 2 , 335. (F55) Maeda, H.; Koizumi, A.; Bamba, N.; Muromachi, E. T.; Izuml, F.; Onoda, M.; Kuroda, Y.; Maruyama, H.; Yoshikawa. Y.; Ishii, T.; Hda, M.; Yamazaki, H. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 1988, 2 7 , L807. (F56) Kajiyama, H.; Usami, K.; Suzukl, Y.; Seklyama, H.; Takagi, K.; Hayakawa. K.; Hirai, Y.; Hirano, T.; Waki, T. Jpn. J . Appl. Phys. 1988, 2 7 , L145. (F57) Bart, J. C.; Vlaic, G. Adv. Catal. 1987, 3 5 , 1. (F58) Bruce, G. C.; Stobart, S. R. Inorg. Chem. 1988, 2 7 , 3879. (F59) Asakura, K.; Iwasawa, Y. J. Chem. SOC.Faraday Trans. 1988, 8 4 , 2445. (F60) Berry, F. J.; Murray, A.; Steel, A. T. J . Chem. SOC.Faraday Trans. 1988, 84, 2783. (F61) Lambie, G. M.; King, D. A. Philos. Trans. Roy. SOC.London A 1988, 3 1 8 , 203.
(F62) Norman, D. J. Phys. C , Sdid State 1988, 19, 3273. (F63) Holmes, D. J.; Batchelor, D. R.; King, D. A. Surf. Sci. 1988, 199, 476. (F64) Kendelewicz, T.; Soukissian, P.; List, R. S.; Wolcik, J. C.; Pianetta, P.; Lindau, I.; Spicer, W. E. Phys. Rev. B 1988, 3 7 , 7115. (F65) White, J. H.; Albarelli, M. J.; Abruna, H. D.; Blum, L.; Melroy, 0. R.; Samant, M. G.; Borges, G. L.; Gordon, J. G. J. Phys. Chem. 1988, 9 2 , 4432. (F66) Lamble, G. M.; Brooks, R. S.; Campuzano, J. C.; King, D. A,; Norman, D. Phys. Rev. B 1987, 3 6 , 1796. (F67) Crapper, M. D.; Woodruff, D. P. J . Vac. Sci. Technol. A 1987, 5 , 914. (F68) Comelii, G.; Stohr, J. Surf. Sci. 1988, 200, 35. (F69) Arvanitis, D.; Wenzel, L.; Baberschke, K. Phys. Rev. Left. 1987, 5 9 , 2435. (F70) Lambie, G. M.; Brooks, R. S.; King, D. A.; Norman, 0. Phys. Rev. Lett. 1988, 6 1 , 1112. (F71) Incoccia, L.; Baierna, A.; Cramm, S.;Kunz, C.; Senf, F.; Storjohann, I . Surf. Sci. 1987, 789/ 190, 453. (F72) Crapper, M. D.; Riley, C. E.;Woodruff, D. P. Surf. Sci. 1987, 184, 121.
Water Analysis Patrick MacCarthy* and Ronald W. Klusman Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401
James A. Rice Department of Chemistry, South Dakota State University, Brookings, South Dakota 57007
INTRODUCTION This is the twenty-third biennial review dealing with the inorganic and organic analytical chemistry of water. The format of this review is essentially the same, but with some minor additions, as that of the previous review in this series which was published in Analytical Chemistry in 1987 ( I ) . The references used in preparing this review were compiled by a computer-search of Chemical Abstracts covering the period from the previous review (October 1986) through Vol. 109 (24), Dec 12, 1988; these references represent a selection of the approximately 4300 citations examined for this period.
I N O R G A N I C ANALYSIS Alkali and Alkallne-Earth Metals
Barium. Sun ( A l )determined Ba in waters by utilizing a Ta-lined graphite furnace and atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Sensitivity was improved by 20-fold over the standard graphite tube. A technique for the preparation and operation of the Ta-lined tubes is described. Dehairs et al. (A2)describe a method for the routine determination of Ba in seawater by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Barium is separated from major cations by collection on a cation-exchange resin. The Ba is removed from the resin with HNOBwith recoveries >99%. Beryllium. Tao and Xue (A3) present a catalytic polarographic method for the determination of Be in natural waters. The Be is determined in a substrate solution composed of ",OH, NH4C1, EDTA, and a test reagent. The detection limit is 0.002 pg/mL and the concentration-peak current linearity range is 0-0.04 pg mL. Ueda and Kitadani (A4) coprecipitated Be with Hf(0 )4 from a sample in the 100-400 mL range. The Be is solubilized in NaOH, which eliminates A1 interference, and subsequently determined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The method has been used in the range of 0.4-8 ng/mL Be. Tao et al. (A5) describe a unique method combining gas chromatography and inductively cou led plasma emission spectrometry. Beryllium is extractel from a water sample with acetylacetone into CHC1, and concentrated by evaporation.
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0003-2700/89/036 1-269R$06.50/0
The Be acetylacetonate is separated in a gas chromatograph and injected into the He plasma emission spectrometer. The detection limit is 10 pg in a 30-mL water sample and the standard deviation was 4.1 % a t 10 ng of Be. Kostadinov et al. (A6)determined radiogenic 'Be by adsorption of the Be complex with Eriochrome Cyanine R on activated charcoal. The method permits measurement of as little as 0.01-0.05 Bq L with an average error of
