T H E J O U R N A L O F i I N D U S T R I A L A N D ENGINEERING C H E M I S T R Y .
212
May, 1910
TABLE111 Sample of commerNumber a n d description. cia1 m i l k . N . Y . Bd. of H . lactometer reading at 60' F . . . .. 112 . . . . . . . . , . . 1 ,0325 Corresponding specific gravity.. F a t b y Babcock test. . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . 4 . 3 . .. . . , . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 1 3 . 2 3 T o t a l solids.. 0.755 Ash Per cent. b y weight.. 0.163 Sodium chloride by direct ashing 0.168 Grams per 100 cc.. 0.169 Sodium chloride b y ashing with Per cent. b y weight.. . , Grams per 100 cc.. , . 0,175 sodium carbonate.. 0,171 Sodium chloride b y author's Per cent. b y weight.. method. To volume of 100 cc. Grams per 100 cc.. . , 0 , 1 7 7 Per cent. b y weight.. , 0.169 Sodium chloride ' b y author'. method. To volume of 200 cc. Grams per 100 cc.. . , 0 . 1 7 5 .. ( By direct ashing.. .. (I)
.. . . . . . . ... . .
. .. . . .
. .. .... . . . .. . .
.................................................
. .. . . . .. . . . . . . . { . . . .. with 'Odium Added sodium chloride found. By carbonate.. . . . . . . . . Grams per 100 cc.. . . . . . . . . . . .
1
i
BY author's m e t h o d . . T, volume of 200 cc.
., ..
0,098 0.104 0.097
.,
TABLEIV Sodium chloride bv a s h i n g w i t h Sodium chloride by sodium carbonate. author's m e t h o d . P
c
0"
Ql
F
0
0
----p"
(31 S a m p l e (I) ( 4 ) SRmple ( 1 ) plus 0.2000 plus 0.3000 e r a m s NaCl p e r -g r a m s NaCl pet I00 cc. IC0 cc. 116 118 1.0336 1 ,0342 4.3 4.3 13.43 13.53 0.949 1.037 0.347 0.442 0.359 0.457 0.361 0.453 0.373 0.469 0.366 A. 0.466. B. 0 . 4 6 4 0 . 3 7 8 Average 0 . 4 6 5 , A. 0.482. B. 0 . 4 8 8 0.363 Average 0 . 4 3 1 , 0.458 A. 0 , 3 7 8 , B. 0 , 3 7 2 A. 0.475, B. 0.472 Average 0 . 3 75 Average 0.474.
(2) S a m p l e ( I ) p l u s O.IOO0 g r a m s NaCl p e r IO0 cc. 114 1.0331 4.3 13.36 0.848 0.258 0.266 0.270 0.279 0.272 0.281 0.263 A. 0 . 2 7 1 . B. 0 . 2 7 3 Average 0.272
0
0,
0.191 0.198 0.200
0.289 0.294 0.299
4.33. Blyth' gives the ratio 3.74. According to Fleischmann and Schrott* the ratio is 4.15. Konigs gives the ratio 4.52. Through the courtesy of Dr. Deghuee, of the Lederle laboratories, i t is hoped to extend the study of this ratio. TABLEV.
45768 45769 45770 45771 45772
106 110 108 111 108
1.0307 3 . 6 1.0319 3 . 7 1.0313 3 . 7 1.0322 3 . 9 1.0313 3 . 6
11.83 12.23 12.09 12.54 11.97
45773 45774 45775
110 107 111
1.0319 1.0310 1.0322
12.83 12.50 12.30
45776 45777 45778 45779 45780 45781 45782 45783 45784 45785 45786 45787
110 112 108 113 111 109 110 113 114 106 113 111
1.0319 1.0325 1.0313 1.0328 1.0322 1.0316 1.0319 1.0328 1.0331 1.0307 1.0328 1.0322
4.2 4.1 3.7 3.3 3.7 3.2 3.6 3.9 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.3 3.5 4.0 3.3
11.75 12.37 11.52 12.32 12.54 12.16 12.11 12.20 12.11 11.71 12.80 11.94
a.0.204 0 . 2 1 0 a.0.197 a.0 . 2 0 3 b.0.201 0.207b.0.197 b, 0.203 0.169 0.166 0.171 0 , 1 6 4 0.186 0.177 0.183 0 . 1 8 0 0.193 0.187 0.193 0.187 0.236 0.221 0,228 0,229 a.0.185 a.0.191 0.183 b. 0.185 b . 0 . 1 9 1 0 . 1 7 7 0.188 0.177 0 , 1 8 3 0.182 0.173 0.170 0,175 0 , 1 6 8 a.0.207 a.0.214 b.0.201 b . 0 . 2 0 7 0.200 0.206 0.240 0.248 0.241 0.249 0,200 0 . 2 0 6 0.202 0.208 0.185 0.191 0.182 0.188 0.188 0.183 0.182 0.177 0,174 0.174 0.169 0.169 0.188 0.191 0.182 0,185 0.188 ' 0.192 0.182 0.186 0.178 0.183 0,172 0.177 0.168 0.164 0.163 0.159 0.174. 0.180 0.168 0.174 0.188 0 . 1 8 4 0.182 0.178
From the results in Table 111, i t will be seen that the figures by ashing with sodium carbonate and the author's method show reasonably close agreement, but that by direct ashing quite a loss of chlorine OCcurs. It is interesting to note that the addition of 0.1000 gram of sodium chloride to, IOO cc. of milk causes a n increase of z o in the lactometer reading or 0.0006 in the specific gravity. I n judging whether a sample of milk contains added sodium chloride] the ratio of total ash to sodium chloride can be depended upon to show such addition. I n this connection, the figures given in Table V, taken from Table 111, show the effect on this ratio when sodium chloride has been added. From the composition of milk ash, as given by RichmondI2 the ratio of ash to sodium chloride is 1 2
N. Y . Bd. of H. lact. "Dairy Chem ," p. 32.
Number and description. (1) Sample of commercial milk. (2) Sample (1) pIus 0.1000 gram NaCl per 100 cc. . . (3) Sample (1) plus 0.2000 gram NaCl per 100 c c . . . , (4) Sample (1) plus 0.3000 gram NaCl per 100 c c . . . .
.
Ash, per cent.
Sodium chloride, per cent. b y weight.
Ratio of ash to sodium chloride.
0.755
0.169
4.47
0.848
0.263
3.23
0.949
0.363
2.61
1.037
0.458
2.26
LEDERLELABORATORIES 3941
nrEST 3
S E W YORK.
[CONTRIBETIOX
8 S T~ . , ~
?;. Y .
FROM
THE
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY
O F THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI.]
PHOSPHORUS IN FLESH. (SECOND
PAPER.)^
By P. F. TROWBRIDGE AND LOUISESTANLEY. Received March 11, 1910.
H a r t and Andrews5 were among the first to show that the phosphorus in foods was present to a considerable extent in the organic form. They claimed that in precipitating the phosphorus from the water solutions in the usual way with the ordinary acid molybdate, a sufficient quantity of acid was present to cause a splitting of the soluble organic phosphoruS and a precipitation of i t along with the inorganic forms. They proposed to remedy this defect by precipitating with neutral molybdate in the presence of the smallest necessary amount of nitric acid. I n their method, as finally worked out, they used I O grams of ammonium nitrate and 2 cc. of nitric acid. Under these conditions only a very small amount of the "Foods," 1903, p. 201. "Agric. A n a l . , " Vol. 111. p. 167. 3 Chem. Nahr. u . Gemussin.. 11, 227. 4 THIS JOURNAL, 1, 675 (1909). 5 A m . Chem. J . . 30, 470 (1903). 1
* See Wiley's
TROWBRIDGE A N D S T A N L E Y ON PHOSPHORUS I N FLESH.
213
molybdate precipitate of inorganic phosphorus was precipitate could get at either the organic or inorganic obtained, and upon this they base their assertion phosp horns. Per cent. Per cent. that practically all the water-soluble phosphorus total inorganic in vegetable feeding-stuffs is in the organic form. Sample. phosphorus. phosphorus. As a test of this method a solution of inorganic 8270 Lean and f a t of beef, composite.. . . . . . . q 0.1225 q 0.1205 h 0.1139 h Lost phosphorus was made up, equal definite amounts. i 0.1180 i 0.1144 .were taken and the above method of precipitation -4verage.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0,1203 0.1163 tried in comparison with the usual methods. The 8271 Leanbeef ........................... CJ 0.1609 g 0.1615 h 0.1620 h 0.1629 results are noted in the table below. I t is quite evident i 0.1615 i 0.1668 __ ~that the H a r t and Andrews method fails to preAverage., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.1615 0.1637 cipitate all the phosphorus even when i t is present 8272 Sample of beef f a t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . g 0.0312 q 0 0388 h 0.0351 k 0.0462 in the inorganic form. If this be true with simple i 0.0329 a 0.0206 -~ water solution of inorganic salt, i t is not surprising Average. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.0330 0.0352 that under the retarding conditions usually present A comparison of these two methods gave such strikin the water extracts of flesh one should fail to get a complete precipitation with the neutral molybdate. ingly different results that we were led to investigate PRECIPITATION OF PHOSPHORW BY XEUTRALAMMONIUM MOLYBDATE. more thoroughly. Acid added Yield of P I n the preparation of the cold water extracts of the Ammonium HXOs (sp. as Mg2P20j, raw meats or of the cooked meats the following method Molybdate used. nitrate. gr. 1.42). gram. was followed : Acidified. 0.076 25 cc. of usual acid. . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 a s . 2 cc. 0,0461 25:cc. of n e u t r a l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I O '' 1 2 0 grams of finely ground lean meat (180 grams 25 #' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3 0.0615 25
