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BOOK REVIEWS Geschichte des Elektroeisens mit besonderer Beriicksichtigung der zu seiner Erzeugung bestimmten elektrischen Ofen. By OSTWALD MEYER. 206 illus. Published by Julius Springer, Berlin, 1914. 187 pp. Price, 8 Marks. This book deals with the history of the development of the electric furnace as applied t o the iron and steel industry, and is the most comprehensive treatise on the subject in book form t h a t the reviewer has seen. It is a valuable reference book as it embraces much of the subject matter which heretofore has appeared only in the different scientific journals and periodicals, and in addition i t presents a broad view of the whole subject in the order of its development. The treatise is divided into four parts. Part I, entit1ed“History of the Development of Electric Iron and Steel and the Electric Furnaces for the Same,” is by far the most important and is so recognized by the author as he devotes over 7 0 per cent of his space to its treatment; it is subdivided chronologically into six periods starting a t the beginning of the 19th century. The first three periods are of historical importance only, aside from what value they may have from a patent standpoint. From a technical standpoint, only from the fourth period on is of interest. This fourth period (1898-1904) is from Stassano’s invention to the Report of the Canadian Commission, and embraces the important early work of Girod, Hkroult, Stassano, and other pioneers. The f i f t h period (1904-1909) extends from the Report of the Canadian Commission to the first real success of the Raw Iron Development in Sweden. This is perhaps the most important period of development of the commercial types of furnaces and is adequately treated by the author, the work done in other countries, particularly in America, France, and Italy being presented in accordance with their respective importance. The last period is from 1900 t o the present time (1914) and presents the latest developments and inventions as applied t o the industry and also a summary of the present status of electric iron and steel smelting and refining. Part I1 deals with the economic aspects of the subject, and presents a complete report of the number, size, kind, capacity, current, and location of electric iron and steel furnaces throughout the world. The data are very complete and well arranged. P a r t I11 gives a classification of known electric furnaces for the iron and steel industry and presents a review and summary of the whole subject, special attention being given t o induction furnaces. P a r t IV is a supplement and deals with the SchatzlKrieger Electric Furnace System and also with the literature on the subject. The book is well illustrated and is a valuable addition to the knowledge on the subject of electric furnaces as applied t o the iron and steel industry. ALCAN HIRSCH
ment is made to Bausch & Lomb Optical Co. for permission t o use their book on “Use of the Microscope” in its preparation. The coloring of the plates illustrating the organisms does not seem t o be a n improvement. Students have complained to the writer t h a t the colors are incorrect and more confusing than helpful. They prefer the uncolored plates of the earlier editions. The introduction of photomicrographs is a n especially good feature of this edition. A . M. BUSWELL Van Nostrand’s Chemical Annual. Edited by JOHN C. OLSEN. Third Issue. Revised. D . Van Nostrand Company, 2 5 Park Place, New York. 669 pages. Price, $ 2 . 5 0 . Dr. Olsen has been assisted in the revision and extension of the material in this well known handbook by a numher of special contributors. A. F. Seeker, U. S.Department of Agriculture, prepared the material on Oils, Fats and Waxes, and the Chemical Constants of Essential Oils; M . C. Whipple, of Harvard, the tables of Gravimetric Factors and Logarithms; E. E. Ried, of Colgate & Co., and C. A. F. Kahlbaum, of Berlin, the tables on Physical Constants of Organic Compounds; A Seidell, of U. S. Public Health Department, the table on the Physical Constants of Alkaloids; and R. H. Ashley and C. H. Lips the chapter on Stoichiometry. All tables have been carefully revised and corrected t o date. hTew tables, such as the solubility of gases in water, the Bureau of Standards alcohol tables, refractometer tables, tables giving the heats of formation of solutions, etc., have been added. The new chapter on Stoichiometry defines the usual physical constants and outlines and illustrates typical problems often encountered in industrial work. This book contains a large amount of valuable material arranged in a most accessible form. Each revision shows great improvement and approaches more nearly t o that urgently needed Chemical Engineers’ Handbook corresponding in quality and density of material t o the well known handbooks for Mechanical Engineers. I n addition to the text changes noted in the third issue of the Chemical Annual, the publishers have made radical changes in the physical form of the book. A thin strong paper has been adopted so t h a t the entire 669 pages occupy less than seveneighths of an inch, and the whole is held in a soft flexible red leather binding. All of this greatly improves both the appearance and utility of the book as a working volume. M . C. WHITAKER
Practical Handbook for Beet-Sugar Chemists. Rapid methods of technico-chemical analyses of the products and by-products and of materials used in the manufacture of beet sugar. B y WERNERMOELLER-KRAUSE, Sugar Chemist. The Chemical The Microscopy of Drinking Water. By GEORGECHANDLER Publishing Co., Easton, Pa. 1914. 132 p. 19 figs. Price, $1.25. WHIPPLE. Third edition, rewritten. John Wiley & Sons, publishers. avo. xxi - 409 pages, 73 figures and 6 plates in The purpose of the author, as stated in his preface, has been the text and 19 full page plates in colors. Cloth, $4.00 net. “to condense the selected practical information obtained from This work, now in its third edition, is so well known among standard works and other sources to a small convenient form.” After a brief account of the common sugars, the author gives engineers and chemists whose interests are along the lines of water supply and water examination t h a t a general review a short description of the polariscope and a n outline of the manufacture of beet sugar. I n succeeding chapters methods are dewould be superfluous. I n the present edition the first part of the book has been rewritten. New material has been inserted scribed for the analysis of sugar beets, juices, massecuites, in almost every chapter, and several new chapters added, the molasses, sirups, waste waters, press cake, saccharates, water, most important being those on the copper treatment, the stripping limestone, kiln and chimney gas, coal, coke, etc. Methods are of reservoir sites, the purification of algae-laden water, and the given for preparing solutions and reagents, and a final chapter use of the micr‘oscope and photomicrography. The last named gives a number of the more commonly used tables. While the material selected for description is upon the whole chapter pas written by Dr. J. W. M . Bunker and acknowledg-
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well-chosen, it is t o be regretted t h a t more care was not given to its accurate presentation. I n a number of places the author’s meaning must obviously differ from his text as for example on page 4 where it is stated t h a t the glucosates of calcium and barium “are decomposed into sucrose and the carbonate of the respective metal by carbon dioxide.” I n other places the author has not made his ideas clear, as on p. 7, where it is stated that compensation is secured “by varying the concentration or length of the interposed polarizing light.” The author has adhered throughout his book t o the old Mohr normal weight and unit of volume, notwithstanding the fact that these were rejected by the International Coinmission in 1900 for the present metric standards. The statement on p. 1 2 that the hfohr cc. “is now the unit of volume generally adopted in this country for all sugar tests” is incorrect. Many of the most important sugar-testing laboratories in the United States employ only the metric cubic centimeter and the 2 6 g. normal weight. It is time t h a t the obsolete Mohr standard be once for all rejected.
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Opinions will also differ regarding the author’s preference in certain matters of technique. The statement on page 6 2 t h a t “the best way is to first dissolve all the sugar in the scoop before it is transferred t o the flask’’ is open to question. A quicker, and for many purposes a far better, method is to wash the sugar from the scoop into the flask through a funnel and t o dissolve on a shaking machine. 6 While i t is of course impossible in a small work of 132 pages to present the entire subject of beet sugar analysis with any degree of fulness, the description of methods should have been made a little more complete in a number of instances. The influence of concentration upon the Clerget factor (pp. 5 8 ) , for! example, is too important a matter to leave unnoticed. The typography of the book is upon the whole excellent, but the illustration of the filter tube on page 67 is upside down. As a compendium or vade-mecum for the beet-factory chemist, the new work will no doubt meet with a kind reception and as such i t is cordially recommended. C . A. BROWNS
NEW PUBLICATIONS By
JOHN
F.
h70RTON.
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston
Atoms : Elektrische Spektralanalyse Chemischer Atoms. By J . STARK.8vo. 158 pp. Price, $1.25. Leipzig. Calculations: Chemical Calculations. H. W. BAUSOR. 8vo. 144 pp. Price, $0.75. London. Drugs: -The Detection of Poisons a n d Powerful Drugs. By WILHELM AUTENRIETH. Translated by William H . Warren. 4th Ed. 8vo. 320 pp. Price, $2.00. P. Blakiston’s Son & Co., Philadelphia. Dyestuffs: T h e M a n u f a c t u r e of Organic Dyestuffs. By ANDRB WAHL. Translated by F. W. Atack. 12mo. 338 pp. Price, $1.60.. The Macmillan Co., New York. Electrochemistry: Principes e t applications de J’Electrochimie. By 0. DONY-HENAULT, H. GALLA N D P. A. GUYE. 8vo. Price, $6.50. Paris. Food: Cocoa. By C. 1. J. VAN HALL. 8vo. 515 pp. Price, $3.50. The Macmillan Co., New York. Gas: Le Gaz. By R. MASSE. 8vo. 785 pp. Price, $15.00. Beranger, Paris. General C h e m i s t r y : Chemistry of C o m m o n Things. By RAYMOND B. BROWNLEE, ROBERTW. FULLER, W. J HANCOCK, JESSE E. WHITSIT. 12mo. 616 pp. Price, $1.50. Allyn and Bacon, Boston. I r o n : Some Considerations Regarding Cast I r o n a n d Steel Pipes. By JOHN SHARP.8vo. 142 pp. Price, $1.50. Longmans, Green & Co., New York. Microscopy : E l e m e n t a r y Chemical Microscopy. By EMILE M . CHAMOT. 8vo. 350 pp Price, $3.00. John Wiley & Sons, New York. M i n e r a l s : Lea pierres precieuses. By J. ESCARD. +to. 372 pp. Price, $6.00. Dunod et Pinat, Paris. Organic C h e m i s t r y : I n t r o d u c t i o n t o t h e S t u d y of Organic Chemistry. By H. T. CLARKE. 8vo. 492 pp. Price, $2.00. London. P a p e r : Paper a n d i t s Uses. By E. A. DAWE. 8vo. 170 pp. Price, $1.25. C. Lockwood, London. P o t a s h : Die AbwLsser d e r Kaliindustrie. By J. H. VOGEL. 8vo. 139 pp. Price, $2.00. Berlin. Technology : T h e Application of Physico-Chemical Theory t o Technical Processes a n d M a n u f a c t u r i n g Methods. By R. KREMA”. Translated by H. E . Potts. 8vo. 227 pp. Price, $2 50. D. Van Nostrand Co., New York. Textiles: J u t e a n d L i n e n Weaving. By T. WOODHOUSE AND T . MILNE. 2nd Ed. 121110. 590 pp. Price. $3.00. The Macmillan Co., New York. Textiles: Les Apprets textiles. By A. CHAPLET. 8vo. 357 pp. Price, $2.00. Paris. V e n t i l a t i o n : T h e Theory a n d Practice of H e a t i n g a n d Ventilation. By ARTHURH. BARKER, 8vo. 656 pp. Price, $8.00. D. Van Nostrand Co., New York. Water : Water Supplies, t h e i r Purification, F i l t r a t i o n a n d Sterilization. By SAMUEL KIDEAL A N D ERIC K. RIDEAL. 8vo. 250 pp. Price, $2.50. D. Appleton and Co.. New York.
RECENT JOURNAL ARTICLES Carbon Dioxide : Ueber die B e s t i m m u n g der freien KohlensYure i n T r i n k - u n d Nutzwassern. By L. W. WINICLER. Zeitschrift fur analytische Chemie, Vol. 53, 1914, No. 12, pp, 746-55. Carbon Dioxide : Z u r B e s t i m m u n g der KohlensYure i n Mineralien u n d Gesteinen. By LEON K. BORGSTROM.Zeitschrift ,fur analytische Chemie. Vol. 5 3 , 1914, No. 11, pp. 685-7.
Concrete : Permeability Tests o n Gravel Concrete. By MORTON 0. WITTSEY. Jouvnal of the TVeslern Society of Engineers, Val. 19, 1914, NO. 9, pp. 813-58. Dyes : Ueber die Verbessung der L i c h t e c h t h e i t von FLrbungen. By KURT GEBHARD. Farbev-Zeitung, Vol. 25, 1914, S o . 21 and 22, pp. 393-7 and 405-10. Electric Conductors : Comparisons of Electric Resistivities a t High T e m p e r a t u r e s . By CARL HERIXG. Metallurgical and Chemical Engineering, Vol. 13, 1915, No. 1. pp. 23-8. Fertilizers: Die Verwendung des Luftstickstoffs fiir Dungeweckr. By A. KRAISY. Zeitschrift des Vereins der Deutschen Zucker-lndustric, 1914, No. 706, pp. 911-26. F l o u r : Notes o n F l o u r : 1. Acidity of F l o u r ; 2. N a t u r a l a n d Arti5cial Bleaching of F l o u r ; 3. Sulfates a n d Lime in Flour. By R . T. THOMSON. The Analyst, Vol. 39, 1914, No. 465, pp. 519-29. F u e l : A Comparison of t h e Economy of Powdered Coal, Oil a n d Water Qas for H e a t i n g Furnaces. By C. F. HERINGTON. Engineering News, Vol. 72, 1914, No. 24, pp. 1156-8. Garbage Disposal : Emergency Garbage Disposal i n Chicago. By GEORGE B. YOUNG. Engineering Record. Vol. 70, 1914, No. 25, pp. 666-7. Gas : Allgemeines u n d Besonderes iiber Gasreinigung. By OSKAR NAGEL. Chemische A p p a r a t u r , Vol. 1, 1914, No. 20, pp. 269-71. H e a t : Ueber FiillkSrper fiir R e a k t i o n s t i i r m e u n d WSrnespeicher. By FRIEDRICH LUDWIG. Chemische A p p a r a t u r , Vol. 1, 1914, No. 20, pp. 271-2. I r o n : H a n d l i n g I r o n a n d Cinder a t t h e Blast F u r n a c e . By J. E. JOHXSON, JR. Metallurgical and Chemical Engineering. Vol. 13, 1915, KO.1, pp. 43-50. I r o n : Note o n Crystal Twinning a n d t h e Martensitic S t r u c t u r e . By C. H . DESCH. Chemical N e w , Vol. 110, 1914, No. 2873, pp. 299300. I r o n : T h e Corrosion of I r o n . By L. C. WILSON. The Engineering Magazine. Vol. 48, 1915, No. 4, pp. 517-23. I r o n : Weitere U n t e r s u c h u n g e n iiber die massanalytische Eisenb e s t i m m u n g in salzsauer Ltjsung. By I,. BRANDT. Zeitschrift fur analylische Chemie, Vol. 53, 1914, No. 12, pp. 729-45. M e a t : Coloring M a t t e r of Raw a n d Cooked Salted Meats. By RALPH HOAGLAND. Journal of Agricultural Research. Vol. 3, 1914, NO. 3, pp. 21 1-25. Milk: S t u d i e s in t h e Expansion of Milk a n d Cream. By H. W. BEARCE. Journal of Agricultural Research, Vol. 3, 1914, No. 3, pp. 25 1-68. M i l k : T h e Freezing P o i n t of Milk. By J. BROWNLIEHENDERSON, A N D L. A. MESTON. Chemical N e w s , Vol. 110, 1914. Nos. 2871-2. pp. 275 and 283-6. Milk: Ueber d e n Eisengenalt der K u h m i l c h . By F. E. NOTTBOHM A N D G. D ~ R R .Zeitschrift fiir Unfersuchung der Nahrunps- und Genussmittel, Vol. 28. 1914, No. 9, pp. 417-24. 8 Oils : Two Rapid Methods of E s t i m a t i n g Water i n Crude P e t r o l e u m , Oil-Fuel a n d Similar Substances. By HERBERTS. SHREWSBURY. The Analyst, Vol. 39, 1914, h’o. 465, pp. 529-32. Oleomargarine : Ueber die Verwendung des g e h g r t e t e n T r a n s i n der Margarinebutter-Fabrikation. By J. KLIMONTA N D K. MAYER. Zeitschrift fur angewandte Chemie, Val. 2 7 , 1914, No. 96, pp. 645-8.
