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Preface to L. T. Fan Festschrift t is a great honor to dedicate this special issue of Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research (I&ECR) to Professor Fan’s enormous lifelong contribution in chemical and process systems engineering. Professor L. T. Fan, a native of Taiwan, received a B.S. from National Taiwan University (1951), an M.S. from Kansas State University (1954), and a Ph.D. from West Virginia University (l957), all in Chemical Engineering, and an M.S. in Mathematics from West Virginia University (1958). He returned to the Department of Chemical Engineering at Kansas State as an Instructor in 1958, became a Full Professor in 1963, served as Department Head for 30 years, and beginning in 1968 was appointed University Distinguished Professor in 1984. He also occupies the Mark H. and Margaret H. Hulings Chair in Engineering. He continues to be active in both teaching and research. Besides spending sabbatical leaves in Cambridge, England, and Sydney, Australia, Prof. Fan has traveled throughout the world in connection with conferences and collaborative research and as a consultant to governmental agencies and private corporations. Prior to assuming the headship, Prof. Fan was a primary player in launching the Ph.D. program in Chemical Engineering, establishing the Institute for Systems Design and Optimization, and modernizing the chemical engineering curriculum at Kansas State. As Head, he was instrumental in securing funding for the construction of Durland Hall, the current home of the Department, and he initiated the establishment of the Center for Hazardous Substance Research and Great Plains/Rocky Mountain Hazardous Substance Research Center at Kansas State.
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Professor Fan has supervised over 50 Ph.D. and 80 M.S. candidates, as well as 50 postdocs and research associates. His theoretical and experimental research encompasses process system engineering, reaction engineering, biochemical engineering, transport phenomena, particle technology, and environmental engineering. Professor Fan has authored or coauthored 7 books, some of which have been translated into foreign languages; more than 600 refereed journal articles; and many nonrefereed articles. He is credited with 21 patents. Professor Fan’s publications are widely referenced, as evident from nearly 6000 citations listed in the Science Citation Index. Moreover, many of the technologies invented and patented by him have been put into practice. Notable among the numerous awards and honors bestowed on Prof. Fan are the Iinoya Award of the Society of Powder Technology, Japan (1986); an honorary doctorate from the University of Pannonia (formerly the University of Veszprém), Hungary (1990); an honorary membership in the Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan (1996), for which he was the fourth non-Japanese person to receive this honor in the Society’s history; the Taiwanese−American Foundation Achievement Award in Science and Engineering (2001); the Computing and System Technology Award of the American Institute of Special Issue: L. T. Fan Festschrift Received: December 10, 2012 Accepted: December 12, 2012 Published: January 9, 2013 1
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Chemical Engineers (2003); and the Particle Technology Forum Award of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (2007). Professor Fan is a Fellow of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. Currently, Prof. Fan maintains his academic position on a half-time basis. He devotes the rest of his time serving as a Co-chairman of Green Source Energy, a joint-venture company; he is a lead inventor in developing several innovative, patented green technologies, which are at various stages of commercialization. On behalf of all his colleagues and former students, it is a great honor to dedicate this special issue of I&ECR to Professor L. T. Fan, an inspiring researcher, dedicated teacher, leading engineer, and wonderful person.
(16) Takamatsu, T.; Naito, M.; Fan, L. T. Environmental Systems Engineering (in Jpn.); Nikkan Kogyo Shinbun: Tokyo, Japan, 1977. (17) Wang, K. B.; Fan, L. T. Mass transfer in bubble columns packed with motionless mixers. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1978, 33, 945−952. (18) Fan, L. T.; Fan, L. S.; Nassar, R. F. A stochastic model of the unsteady state age distribution in a flow system. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1979, 34, 1172−1174. (19) Fan, L. T.; Shin, S. H. Stochastic diffusion model of non-ideal mixing in a horizontal drum mixer. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1979, 34, 811−820. (20) Hsu, E. H.; Fan, L. T. Solvolysis liquefaction of Texas lignite. Ind. Eng. Chem. Prod. Res. Dev. 1979, 18, 72−75. (21) Fan, L. S.; Fan, L. T. Transient and steady state characteristics of a gaseous reactant in catalytic fluidizedbed reactors. AIChE J. 1980, 26, 139−144. (22) Tojo, K.; Chang, C. C.; Fan, L. T. Modeling of dynamic and steady-state shallow fluidized bed coal combustors. Effects of feeder distribution. Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1981, 20, 411−416. (23) Fan, L. T.; Shieh, J. H.; Ishimi, T.; Graham, T. Practical application of process systems engineering to energy and resource conservation and management. Comput. Chem. Eng. 1983, 7, 493−528. (24) Fan, L. T.; Hiraoka, S.; Shin, S. H. Analysis of pressure fluctuations in a gas−solid fluidized bed. AIChE J. 1984, 30, 346−349. (25) Hiraoka, S.; Shin, S. H.; Fan, L. T.; Kim, K. C. Pressure fluctuations in a gas−solids fluidized bed effect of external noise and bubble residence time distribution. Powder Technol. 1984, 38, 125−143. (26) Hsu, E. H.; Fan, L. T. Experimental study of deep bed filtration: A stochastic treatment. AIChE J. 1984, 30, 267−273. (27) Too, J. R.; Fox, R. O.; Fan, L. T.; Nassar, R. Stochastic modeling of a fluidized-bed reactor. AIChE J. 1985, 31, 992−998. (28) Lai, F. S.; Chen, Y. M.; Fan, L. T. Modeling and simulation of a continuous fluidized-bed dryer. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1986, 41, 2419−2430. (29) Neogi, D.; Chang, C. C.; Walawender, W. P.; Fan, L. T. Study of coal gasification in an experimental fluidized bed reactor. AIChE J. 1986, 32, 17−28. (30) Fan, L. T.; Gharpuray, M. M.; Lee, Y. H. Cellulose Hydrolysis; Springer−Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany, 1987. (31) Ho, T. C.; Ko, K. N.; Chang, C. C.; Fan, L. T. Dynamic simulation of a shallow-jetting fluidized-bed coal coimbustor. Powder Technol. 1987, 53, 247−256. (32) Yutani, N.; Ototake, N.; Fan, L. T. Statistical analysis of mass transfer in liquids−solids fluidized beds. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1987, 26, 343−347. (33) Chou, S. T.; Fan, L. T.; Nassar, R. Modeling of complex chemical reactions in a continuous-flow reactor: A Markov chain approach. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1988, 43, 2807−2815. (34) Fox, R. O.; Fan, L. T. Application of the master equation to coalescence and dispersion phenomena. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1988, 43, 655−670.
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SELECTED PUBLICATIONS OF L. T. FAN The following is a partial list of published work involving L. T. Fan. These have been selected from 21 patents, 7 books, and more than 600 articles in refereed journals. (1) Fan, L. T. Continuous stirred tank reactors. Ind. Eng. Chem. 1960, 52, 921−924. (2) Bailie, R. C.; Fan, L. T.; Stewart, J. J. Uniformity and stability of fluidized beds. Ind. Eng. Chem. 1961, 53, 567− 569. (3) Fan, L. T.; Wen, C. Y. Mechanics of semifluidization of single size particles in solid−liquid systems. AIChE J. 1961, 7, 606−610. (4) Fan, L. T.; Wang, C. S. The Discrete Maximum Principle; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1964. (5) Fan, L. T. The Continuous Maximum Principle; John Wiley & Sons: New York, 1966. (6) Hwang, C. L.; Fan, L. T. A discrete version of Pontryagin's maximum principle. Oper. Res. 1967, 15, 139−146. (7) Hwang, C. L.; Fan, L. T.; Erickson, L. E. Optimum production planning by the maximum principle. Manage. Sci. 1967, 13, 751−755. (8) Chen, M. S. K.; Erickson, L. E.; Fan, L. T. Consideration of sensitivity and parameter uncertainty in optimal process design. Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1970, 9, 514−520. (9) Chen, S. J.; Fan, L. T.; Watson, C. A. The mixing of solid particles in a motionless mixerA stochastic approach. AIChE J. 1972, 18, 984−989. (10) Ichikawa, A.; Fan, L. T. Optimal synthesis of process systems necessary condition for optimal system and its use in synthesis of systems. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1973, 23, 357−373. (11) Fan, L. T.; Wang, R. H. Probability models in reaction path synthesis. AIChE J. 1975, 21, 1233−1234. (12) Lai, F. S;. Fan, L. T. Application of a discrete mixing model to the study of mixing of multicomponent solid particles. Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1975, 14, 403−411. (13) Wen, C. Y.; Fan, L. T. Models for Flow Systems and Chemical Reactors; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1975. (14) Chen, H. T.; Fan, L. T. Multiple minima in a fluidized reactorheater system. AIChE J. 1976, 22, 680−685. (15) Fan, L. T.; Aldis, D. F. Optimal synthesis of a power plant cooling system. Nucl. Technol. 1977, 32, 222−238. 2
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(55) Huang, Y. L.; Fan, L. T. Analysis of a work exchanger network. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1996, 35, 3528− 3538. (56) Feng, G.; Fan, L. T. Degree of difficulty of separation for fluid flow-facilitated particle separations systems. Powder Technol. 1997, 90, 169−172. (57) Otawara, K.; Fan, L. T. Enhancing the performance of spontaneously oscillatory chemical reactions. J. Phys. Chem. A 1997, 101, 9678−9680. (58) Peng, Y.; Fan, L. T. Hydrodynamic characteristics of fluidization in liquid−solid tapered beds. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1997, 52, 2277−2290. (59) Zeng, J.; Fan, L. T.; Schlup, J. R. Critical thermodynamic analysis of differential scanning calorimetry for studying chemical kinetics. J. Therm. Anal. 1998, 51, 205−218. (60) Chen, W.-Y.; Kulkarni, A.; Milum, J. L.; Fan, L. T. Stochastic modeling of carbon oxidation. AIChE J. 1999, 45, 2557−2570. (61) Brendel, M. H.; Friedler, F.; Fan, L. T. Combinatorial foundation for logical formulation in process network synthesis. Comput. Chem. Eng. 2000, 24, 1859−1864. (62) Zeng, J.; Schlup, J. R.; Fan, L. T. Synthesis and mechanical properties of leather−epoxy interpenetrating polymer networks. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2000, 78, 1224− 1232. (63) Fan, L. T. Bulk-solids mixing: Overview. In Handbook of Conveying and Handling of Particulate Solids; Levy, A., Kalman, H., Eds.; Elsevier Science: Amsterdam, 2001; pp 647−658. (64) Otawara, K.; Fan, L. T. Increasing the yield from a chemical reactor with spontaneously oscillatory reactions by a nonlinear feedback mechanism. Comput. Chem. Eng. 2001, 25, 333−335. (65) Diao, Y.; Walawender, W. P.; Fan, L. T. Activated carbons prepared from phosphoric acid activation of grain sorghum. Bioresour. Technol. 2002, 81, 45−52. (66) Fan, L. T.; Bertok, B.; Friedler, F. A graph− theoretic method to identify candidate mechanisms for deriving the rate law of a catalytic reaction. Comput. Chem. 2002, 26, 265−292. (67) Otawara, K.; Fan, L. T.; Tsutsumi, A.; Yano, T.; Kuramoto, K.; Yoshida, K. An artificial neural network as a model for chaotic behavior of a three-phase fluidized bed. Chaos, Solitons Fractals 2002, 13, 353−362. (68) Schlup, J. R.; Fan, L. T.; Johnson, R. A. Fluid flow through cattle hide: An experimental permeability study. J. Mater. Sci. 2002, 37, 795−799. (69) Yashima, M.; Neogi, D.; Kang, Y.; Fan, L. T.; Omatsu, S. Diagnosis of chaotic pressure fluctuations in a threephase fluidized bed. J. Signal Process. 2002, 6, 49−55. (70) Chen, W.-Y.; Annamreddy, P.; Fan, L. T. Modeling growth of heterogeneous tumor. J. Theor. Biol. 2003, 221, 205−227. (71) Feng, G.; Fan, L. T.; Seib, P. A.; Bertok, B.; Kalotai, L.; Friedler, F. Graph−theoretic method for the algorithmic synthesis of azeotropic−distillation systems. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2003, 42, 3602−3611. (72) Zhang, T.; Walawender, W. P.; Fan, L. T.; Fan, M.; Daugaard, D.; Brown, R. C. Preparation of activated carbon from forest and agricultural residues through CO2 activation. Chem. Eng. J. 2004, 105, 53−59.
(35) Singh, K.; Schlup, J. R.; Fan, L. T.; Sur, B. Modeling of thermal oxidation of silicon. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1988, 27, 1707−1714. (36) Chern, S. M.; Fan, L. T.; Walawender, W. P. Analytical calculation of equilibrium gas composition in a C−H−O−inert system. AIChE J. 1989, 35, 673−675. (37) Fan, L. T.; Singh, S. T. Controlled Release: A Quantitative Treatment; Springer−Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany, 1989. (38) Singh, S. K.; Fan, L. T. Anomalous transport of penetrants in glassy polymers: Amended equations. Math. Comput. Model. 1989, 12, 947−957. (39) Fan, L. T.; Chen, Y.-M.; Lai, F. S. Recent developments in solids mixing. Powder Technol. 1990, 61, 255−287. (40) Fan, L. T.; Neogi, D.; Yashima, M. Elementary Introduction to Spatial and Temporal Fractals; Springer− Verlag: Heidelberg, Germany, 1991. (41) Friedler, F.; Tarjan, K.; Huang, Y. W.; Fan, L. T. Graph−theoretic approach to process synthesis: Axioms and theorems. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1992, 47, 1973−1988. (42) Yashima, M.; Nassar, R.; Fan, L. T.; Kang, Y. Stochastic modeling of pressure fluctuations in a threephase fluidized bed. AIChE J. 1992, 38, 629−634. (43) Zhao, H.; Fan, L. T.; Chee, C. S.; Walawender, W. P. Control of a downdraft gasifier for biomass conversion with a fuzzy controller. Powder Technol. 1992, 69, 53−59. (44) Chen, Y.-M.; Fan, L. T. Synthesis of complex separation schemes with stream splitting. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1993, 48, 1251−1264. (45) Fan, L. T.; Kang, Y.; Neogi, D.; Yashima, M. Fractal analysis of fluidized particle behavior in liquid− solid fluidized beds. AIChE J. 1993, 39, 513−517. (46) Friedler, F.; Tarjan, K.; Huang, Y. W.; Fan, L. T. Graph−theoretic approach to process synthesis: Polynomial algorithm for maximal structure generation. Comput. Chem. Eng. 1993, 17, 929−942. (47) Huang, Y. L.; Fan, L. T. A fuzzy-logic-based approach to building efficient fuzzy rule-based expert systems. Comput. Chem. Eng. 1993, 17, 181−192. (48) Kovacs, Z.; Friedler, F.; Fan, L.T. Recycling in a separation process structure. AIChE J. 1993, 39, 1087− 1089. (49) Chen, Y.-M.; Fan, L. T. Separation sequence synthesis with linearly dependent products: A problem simplification approach. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1994, 33, 1188−1196. (50) Chen, W.-Y.; Nagarajan, G.; Zhang, Z.-P.; Shen, B.C.; Fan, L. T. Stochastic modeling of devolatilizationinduced coal fragmentation during fluidized-bed combustion. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1994, 33, 137−145. (51) Kwon, H. K.; Kang, Y.; Kim, S. D.; Yashima, M.; Fan, L. T. Bubble−chord length and pressure fluctuations in three-phase fluidized beds. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1994, 33, 1852−1857. (52) Fan, L. T.; Shen, B. C.; Chou, S. T. Stochastic modeling of transient residence−time distributions during start-up. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1995, 50, 211−221. (53) Friedler, F.; Varga, J. B.; Fan, L. T. Decisionmapping: A tool for consistent and complete decisions in process synthesis. Chem. Eng. Sci. 1995, 50, 1755−1768. (54) Feng, G.; Fan, L. T. On stream splitting in separation system sequencing. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 1996, 35, 1951−1958. 3
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(73) Fan, L. T.; Argoti, A.; Walawender, W. P.; Chou, S. T. Stochastic modeling and simulation of the formation of carbon molecular sieves by carbon deposition. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2005, 44, 2343−2348. (74) Lee, D.-Y.; Fan, L. T.; Park, S.; Lee, S. Y.; Shafie, S.; Bertok, B.; Friedler, F. Complementary identification of multple flux distributions and multiple metabolic pathways. Metab. Eng. 2005, 7, 182−200. (75) Zhang, T.; Walawender, W. P.; Fan, L. T. Enhancing the microporosities of activated carbons. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2005, 44, 247−249. (76) Liu, J.; Fan, L. T.; Seib, P. A.; Friedler, F.; Bertok, B. Holistic approach to process retrofitting: application to downstream process for biochemical production of organics. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2006, 45, 4200−4207. (77) Fan, L. T.; Zhang, T.; Liu, J.; Seib, P.; Friedler, F.; Bertok, B. Price-targeting through flowsheeting in developing novel processing equipment: Pervaporation. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2008, 47, 1556−1561. (78) Fan, L. T.; Kim, Y.; Yun, C.; Park, S. B.; Park, S.; Bertok, B.; Friedler, F. Design of optimal and nearoptimal enterprise-wide supply networks for multiple products in the process industry. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2009, 48, 2003−2008. (79) Barany, M.; Bertok, B.; Kovacs, Z.; Friedler, F.; Fan, L. T. Solving vehicle assignment problems by process− network synthesis to minimize the cost and environmental impact of transportation. Clean Technol. Environ. Policy 2011, 13, 637−642. (80) Fan, L. T.; Argoti, A.; Chou, S. T. Stochastic modeling for the formation of activated carbons: Nonlinear approach. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2011, 50, 8836−8841. (81) Fan, L. T.; Zhang, T. Estimation of exergy dissipation and cost: The foundation for sustainability assessment in process design. In Recent Advances in Sustainable Process Design and Optimization; Foo, D. C. Y., El-Halwagi, M. M., Tan, R. R., Eds.; World Scientific Publishing Company: Singapore, 2011; Chapter 1. (82) Fan, L. T.; Zhang, T. Life cycle assessment (LCA). In Recent Advances in Sustainable Process Design and Optimization; Foo, D. C. Y., El-Halwagi, M. M., Tan, R. R., Eds.; World Scientific Publishing Company: Singapore, 2011; Chapter 2. (83) Fan, L. T.; Argoti, A.; Maghirang, R.; Chou, S. T. Non-linear stochastic model for bacterial disinfection: Analytical solution and Monte Carlo simulation. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2012, 51, 1697−1702. (84) Fan, L. T.; Lin, Y.-C.; Shafie, S.; Bertok, B.; Friedler, F. Exhaustive identification of feasible pathways of the reaction catalyzed by a catalyst with multiactive sites via a highly effective graph−theoretic algorithm. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2012, 51, 2548−2552. On behalf of all his colleagues and former students, it is a great honor to dedicate this special issue of I&ECR to Professor L. T. Fan, an inspiring researcher, dedicated teacher, leading engineer, and wonderful person.
Miguel Bagajewicz* University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma (E-mail:
[email protected])
Ferenc Friedler University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
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