PRINCIPLES AND MFPHODS OF CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Homld F. Walton, Department of Chemistry, University of Colo. rado. Prentice-Hall, Inc., New York, 1952. ix 435 pp. Illustrated. 14.5 X 22 em. $6.50.
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THISbook is well designed as an advanced text in the more classical forms of quantitative analysis, or, as the author puts it, in "conventional" analysis. Considerable attention is given to the newer methods such as ion exchange, the "compl&nes," and nanaqueous titretions. Noninstmmental methods, in thc presentdav usace of the term. are stressed. althoueh the author reali~es t,hP diffihies of suoh's. distinction ~husooulometricmet,horis nod high in.quertcj titration\ :jrr inrluded, nrnl poteutionwtry ir thorotrghly discussed ns Iwing grmmmr In,nII tlrr*tlon proredures. The general plan is to discuss the fundamentals of the various methods and then to present practical exampl3s taken from useful procedures and, in some cases, the techuiqus involved. Prohlem m e included in all but the introductory chaptem. The emphasis is not on the procedures or an explicit directions; however, a. wide variety of determinations are mentioned. Enough practical information is contained in the book that its value as a eeneral reftwncr is enl.unevd. l'hc t e x t presupposes n knoulwl~eof phyiiiral chmristr!. in the ~levelopmentof the theoretivnl puts, and mmaitlerilblr organic rllrn~istrvis irrcluded tlrrouglrout. The hook fills a need for texts or references between the usual undergraduate material and more specialized graduate-level courses. I t would fit best as a senior undergraduate test, hut since our programs do not generally allow room for such a course, it can serve in a beginning graduate course. Roughly the first half of the hook treats gravimetric anslysis and separations. This includes electrolytic methods (with coulometric work incorporated here), organic precipitants, complex ions (especially as applied to separations), ion exchange, distill& tion, and solvent extraction. The remainder is devoted tovolu~~
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systems is in error in attributing absorption to the "o~cillatian" of electrons among resonance forms. The finel chapter is some what mmo difficult to justify in the field of noninstrumental analysis than the other topics, but it is well written and defended on the basis of indicating newer methods as well as other techniques in somedifficult systems. The only topic which t,hereviewer feels was slighted is a. more detailed discussion of the colloidal state. Much of this material is implicit in the treatment, but the mechanism of coagulation and peptisation is berely mentioned. JOAN A. WISE
Smmono U ~ V E B ~ T P S T A N P ~ ~CD*.L I ~ ~ N - I *
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are d h ~ s s e d . Acid-base titrations, inciuding a brief review of nonsqueous solvents,,and acid-base indicators are then presented. Oxidation-reduction methodsfrom the point of view of the specific reagents, applications of oxidation-reduction in organic chemistry (including the Karl Fischer reagent), and oxidation-reduction indicatom are treated in order. Precipitation methods, from the point of view of the indicators, and complex-forming titrations, including chelating agents or "complexones," are then discussed. Finslly, a chapter on eondnctometrio titrations, inoluding brief descriptions of high frequency and smperometric titrations, is given. The appendixes include a bibliography of texts, a tenpage table of selected methods for determining the elements, numerical data, and answers to some of the problem. The material is conveniently documented, particularly far the period 194040, although later as well as earlier references are given. The number or errors in printing seems high, some of them of a troublesome nature. Thus the potential of the chromouschromic couple has the wrong sign, a necessary pH on page 319 is missing, a reaction with LiAIH, is not balanced, a potentiometric titration of LiAIH, uses two reference electrodes, and acetic anhydride and henzaldehyde are confused in s reaction on page 326. The reviewer objects somewhat to the dl-inclusive implication of the statement "...which we shall use as an example to show how all acid-base indicators work" appearing on page 248. The subsequent discusion on the origin of color in indicator 26
PRACTICAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
F. G. Mann, Trinity College, Cambridge, and B. C. Sounders, Magdalene College, Cambridge. Third edition. Longmans, 466 pp. Green and Co., London and New York, 1952. xrr 76 figs. 14.5 X 22 cm. 53.75.
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BECAUSE some teachers of organic chemistry may not be acquainted with earlier editions of this laboratory manual, it seems in order to describe briefly the organization of this third edition. Part I Methods and Manipulations (46 pages), is a brief but comprehensive description of the more common manipulative processes used in the e l e m e n t a ~organic laboratory. Part IS, Preparations (187 pages), contains a varied fare of the common syntheses usually found in most elementary mrtnusls. There are approximately 35 preparations of aliphatic compounds and 65 preparations of aromatic compounds. For the most part these are sepssated in the text, that is, aliphatic from aromatic. The quantities of reagents used me usually as small as is practicable for the hands of elementary students. A few semimicro preparations are included. Examples of reactions illustrating the beneidene rearrangement, Ullmann condensation, beneilic acid rearrangement, Reformatsky reaction, Clemmenson reduction, Fischer indolizatiotion, Msnnich reaction, and the Diels-Alder reaction have been added in this revision. The experimental directions are exoeptionally clear and concise. Their character prompted Sir William Pope to state in the foreword of the first edition. "The student who fails in anv of the res scribed exveriments khould look for the csuse of the mishap in his own-disregard of the meaning of the printed word." Part 111, Reactions and Identification of Organic Compounds (85 pages), is an elementary approach to qualitative organic analysis in which no attempt is made to include more than a cursory experience in the identification of organic compounds. The authors have felt that students should be thoroughly familiar with the reactions of the more common classes of compounds hefore attempting more elahorate procedures. The main scheme involves such tests as pyrolysis with and without soda lime, identification of elements, solubility in acidic and basic solutions and in concentrated sulfuric acid, carhanyl reactions, and reactiom with ferric chloride. There is no formal classification as to solubility behavior. The treatment seems quite adequate for use in conjunction with the work in the elementary course. Part IV, Quantitative Analysis (87 pages), isan excellent prea, entation of the common procedures used in the analysis of organic compounds. There is one section of macroanalyses and snobher The latter section was~ written ~ ~ of semimicro ~ - anrtlvses. ~ ~ ~ ~ by Dr. P. Sykes of ~amb;idge. The section of macroanalysis includes the Cariuius methods for halogen and sulfur, exceptionally ~
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