Hoff equation appears in a complicated example treating the ammonia synthesis reaction. This example includes effects due t o non-ideal gas behavior and temperature dependence of theenthalpy af reaction. On the other hand, topics such as the electronic specific heat of metals and the thermodynamics effects of the structure of water are discussed in some detail. The third part. Physical and Chemical Kinetics, begins with a lengthy and detailed discussion of collision processes, including a discussion of the probabilities for energy exchange between differentdegres of freedom. Integrated rate laws are covered in two wellwritten naees. . followed immediatelv bv a discussion of potential energy surfaces and the internal energy of product molecules. The discussion of the connection between observed rate law and mechanism follows fifty pages later. In summary, this is a very wide ranging, well.written text that requires considerable mathematical sophistication and ability to interwlate and extra~olateon the oart of the studints. The seven'hundred oroblems indude iew that involve s ~ m p l erahstttutions and many that involve cunsidrrahlc decision making by the student. This book includes many topics not discussed in other physical chemistry texts-mechanical action, thermodynamics of nonequilibrium processes, oscillatory reactions, symmetry rules for chemical reactions, for example-hut it leaves laree eaos .. .. . between its theoretical discussimr and nclunl applirntwns. I t is eertatnly weighted in favor ofchemical physics and ihe mirn~seop~r puint of \.icw, devoting minimum space to the connection between microscopic models and laboratory abservations. The reviewers have two minor quibbles. In discussing the particle in a one-dimensional box. the authors state (on o. 97). that neeative values of n are reieeted because .,would - - ~,~~ -~~~~~ thcv cmrerpond tu thr same energies as the corresponding positwe values of n . Energy d r generacy wcurs frequently in chemistry; the negative ns are rejected here because they correspond to wavefunctions indistinguishahle from those for corresponding positive values of n. Thus, no new states occur. Secondly, a name better than the "thermochemistrv of ohvsical orocesses" could have heen found f& the appitmtm of the lint law of t h e r m d y n a m ~ r ~phnsechangw H. H. Carmichael and T. C. C a v e s N& C a r o l i ~State University Raleigh. NC 27650
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lntroductlon to Macromolecular Chemistrv.. 2nd Edltlon H. Batzer. F. Lohse. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 1979. xiv 297 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 23.5 cm. $34.50.
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According to its preface, the text by H. Batzer and F. Lohse, translated from the German edition (1976) by W. Good, is inA314
Journal
of Chemlcal Education
tended for use a t an introductory level, either in asuitable formalcourse, or in an informal reading program. The bonk is divided into three major sections plus a general introduction. The latter (18 pp.) provides a qualitative comparison among the properties of macromolecules, colloids and small molecules, and presents definitions and terms used elsewhere in the book. The major sections involve polymer synthesis (128 pp.). characterization (54 pp.), and processing and physical properties (80 pp.). The treatment throughout is a t a qualitative, introductory level, as might be suitable, for example, in some terminal one-semester undergraduate COUrSe6. The preparation of a number of technically important monomers and polymers is described in the section on synthesis. In general the approach is to present the relevant reactions, with minimal treatment of their mechanistic aspects or of the statistical and kinetic features of polymerization reaction. For example, neither the relations for effects of impuritieson chain length, nor for the gel point in multifunctional condensations are given in the treatment of step growth polymerizations. Similarly, the kinetic chainlength concept is not discussed. and the analytical consequence on chain length of solvent, monomer, and chain transfer reactions is not given in the treatment of radical polymerization. Following a brief discussion of molecular weight distributions, a number of important methods for molecular weightdetermination are introduced in the section on characterization. The underlying physical chemistry is treated lightly. For example, the reason that large second virial coefficients often obtain with polymer solutions is not discussed. The suggested procedure for analysis of data on size exclusion chromatography (GPC) is outdated, and the most useful extrapolation method for osmotic pressure is not given. Nearly a third (Ifi pp.) of the section concerns the viscosity. Nonetheless, the basic relations among the intrinsic viscosity. chain dimensions, and molecular weight are not presented. Rather, several empirical representations of the concentration dependence of thespecifie viscosity aregiven along with a qualitative discussion of the effect of :hain length and solvent on the intrinsic viscosity. The section is mostly concerned pith dilute solutions, but some data on the viscosity of a melt are also presented. With :he latter the dominant role of interchain intanglements is not mentioned. The section on processing and physical sroperties contains 38of the88Tables in the look. and 18 of the 54 Figures. Many of the brmer are used to demonstrate qualitative ,elations among the characteristics of polyners and their d u t i o n s and the physical )roper%iesof the proces~edmaterial. Several echnicslly important methods to process ~olymersare discussed. A brief section on ~hysicaltesting (13 pp.) introduces a few of he important concepts on the viscoelastic )roperties of polymers. Although serious typographical errors are ew in number, equations 8 6 % each contain In error; for example, B in eqn. 84 should ead B/RT. The authors present a bibliography of 32 lntries consisting of texts and reference ources-a number of recent introductory eve1 textsare not included. Original work is nentioned throughout the text, hut this is of
limited use to the student since no references are given.
G. C. Berry CamegiaMellon University Pinsburgh, PA 15213
Prlnclples ot Instrumental Analysis. 2nd Edition D. A. S k c q . D. M. West, Saunders College.. Philadelphia. PA. 1980. iii 769 pp. Figs. and tables. 24.2 X 19.4 cm.
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This textbook is a new edition of that published and reviewed in THIS JOURNAL (p. A362; 1972) nine yearsago. During that time the metamorphosis of instrumental analysis has been great and as a result substantial revisions have heen made in the text. A few chapters have been combined to makemam for six new ones, bringing the total t o twenty-six. New chaptersare two covering an elementary treatment of electronics and computers, one on components of instmments for optical spectroscopy, and chapters on thermal methods, general theory of chromatography and liquid chromatography. No laboratories are included, but these are usually institution specific. As was the first edition, this one is well written and in general student oriented. De. tailed explanations and examples are included t o clear up possibly difficult points. Figures are descriptive and further exnlained in the text. Nowaftereachehapter there isa mare extensive problem set including both computational and conceptual exercises. Special mentinn of the electronics treatment is in order. In two chapters (90 pp.) a t thestartofthe text, theauthorscover DCand AC electrical circuits, transistors, operational amplifiers, microprocessors. and computers in acceptable detail. Students with a general physics background should have little problem with this material; however, it is this reviewer's opinion that because substantial laboratory time is required for proper treatment they are best left out and offered in an elective course. Still, the inclusion of the chapters along with comments throughout the text on how instruments are automated make it complete. The title and the introduction point out that the text is principle oriented and this is so. It is very inclusive of descriptions of how many different instruments function, but only short mention is given to sample preparation, specific applications, and intermethod comparisons. The authors' contention that principles must come beforeappli:ntion is well taken, and with usually only a semester it would seem impossible to teach both. It should he mentioned that same dudication exists between the authors' "Analytical Chemistry" text and this one in the weas of introductory electrochemistry and rpeetroscopy. In summary, "Principles of Instrumental 4nalysis" is a strong text and should be coniidered by those starting or updating their nstrumentation course. Bruce 0.Pollard Marqwrne University
Mikaukee. WI 53233
