Pseudocapacitive Storage in Nanolayered Ti2NTx MXene Using Mg

Subscriber access provided by Université de Strasbourg - Service Commun de la Documentation

Article

Pseudocapacitive Storage in Nanolayered TiNT MXene using Mg-Ion Electrolyte 2

x

Abdoulaye Djire, Andre Bos, Jun Liu, Hanyu Zhang, Elisa M. Miller, and Nathan R. Neale ACS Appl. Nano Mater., Just Accepted Manuscript • DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.9b00289 • Publication Date (Web): 06 May 2019 Downloaded from http://pubs.acs.org on May 7, 2019

Just Accepted “Just Accepted” manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and accepted for publication. They are posted online prior to technical editing, formatting for publication and author proofing. The American Chemical Society provides “Just Accepted” as a service to the research community to expedite the dissemination of scientific material as soon as possible after acceptance. “Just Accepted” manuscripts appear in full in PDF format accompanied by an HTML abstract. “Just Accepted” manuscripts have been fully peer reviewed, but should not be considered the official version of record. They are citable by the Digital Object Identifier (DOI®). “Just Accepted” is an optional service offered to authors. Therefore, the “Just Accepted” Web site may not include all articles that will be published in the journal. After a manuscript is technically edited and formatted, it will be removed from the “Just Accepted” Web site and published as an ASAP article. Note that technical editing may introduce minor changes to the manuscript text and/or graphics which could affect content, and all legal disclaimers and ethical guidelines that apply to the journal pertain. ACS cannot be held responsible for errors or consequences arising from the use of information contained in these “Just Accepted” manuscripts.

is published by the American Chemical Society. 1155 Sixteenth Street N.W., Washington, DC 20036 Published by American Chemical Society. Copyright © American Chemical Society. However, no copyright claim is made to original U.S. Government works, or works produced by employees of any Commonwealth realm Crown government in the course of their duties.

Page 1 of 25 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

ACS Applied Nano Materials

!"#$%&'()('*+*,#-.+&/(0#-*1-2(1&3(4#/#%-5*6257-89#1#-$"*10-80: ;&1-"=.((+/!1"?)@:)2"A>"?+)(+!0" !

!"

B"

!

7

#$%&'()*+",-."/,-0(1'%-1%"#%-)%*2"/,)'0-,3"4%-%5,63%"7-%*8+"9,60*,)0*+2":03.%-2"#;2" =!2"?@A"

C,)%*',3("@1'%-1%"#%-)%*2"/,)'0-,3"4%-%5,63%"7-%*8+"9,60*,)0*+2":03.%-2"#;2"=!2"?@A"

B&//+4C&2%.2;"#'@:&/4D"0)$%&'()*+>%-./+E2/+(>;&F1"02)@:)2>2+)(+E2/+(>;&F" " " =>"+/('+"=K+2+41")"/+()@.F+(*"2+L"G()44"&I"@L&J%.H+24.&2)("M7,N"@/)24.@.&2" H+@)("G)/$.%+4")2%"2.@/.%+41")/+".%+)("G)2%.%)@+4"I&/"4'C+/G)C)G.@&/4"%'+"@&"@:+./":.;:"+(+G@/&2.G" G&2%'[email protected].@*1" :.;:" 4'/I)G+" )/+)1" )2%" )$.(.@*" @&" 4@&/+" G:)/;+4" D'," C4+'%&G)C)[email protected]+" H+G:)2.4H4>" ?.@/.%+" =K+2+4" 4'G:" )4" O.7?OP" )/+" C/+%.G@+%" @&" :)F+" :.;:+/" C4+'%&G)C)G.@)2G+" @:)2" G)/$.%+" =K+2+4" $'@" :)F+" 2&@" $++2" +PC(&/+%" +PC+/.H+2@)((*>" 8+/+1" L+" /+C&/@" &2" @:+" 4*2@:+4.41" G:)/)G@+/.Q)@.&21")2%"C4+'%&G)C)[email protected]+"G:)/;+"4@&/);+"H+G:)2.4H".2"@:+"O.7?OP"2.@/.%+"=K+2+>" R'GG+44I'(" I&/H)@.&2" &I" 2)2&()*+/+%" O.7?OP" =K+2+" .4" G:)/)G@+/.Q+%" $*" KA,1" R"O:+".%+2@.@*"&I"@:+"4'/I)G+"@+/H.2)@.2;";/&'C4"OP")/+")44.;2+%"@&"C/.H)/.(*" S")2%T&/"S8"$)4+%"&2"A)H)21"UOVA1")2%"RO" A+H)/X)$(*1"2)2&()*+/+%"O.7?OP"=K+2+"+P:.$.@4"a7\\"U";]!" G)C)G.@)2G+"&F+/")"!>\"c"/)2;+".2" @:+"=;J.&2"+(+G@/&(*@+1")2%"@:+"G)C)G.@)2G+".2G/+)4+4"@&"!d\e"&I".@4".2.@.)("F)('+")I@+/"!\\\"G*G(+4" &L.2;"@&"@:+"7"+]"C/&G+44")2%"@:+"%[email protected]@.F+"H'(@.()*+/")%4&/C@.&2"G:)/)G@+/[email protected]"&I"@:+"=;7`"G)@.&2" &2"@:+"O.7?OP"=K+2+>"O:+4+"I.2%.2;4".%[email protected]*"O.7?OP"=K+2+")4")"2+L"C4+'%&G)C)[email protected]+"H)@+/.)(" @:)@"C&44+44+4":.;:"G)C)G.@)2G+")2%"L.%+"L&/X.2;"F&(@);+".2")"4)I+")2%"+2F./&2H+2@)((*"I/.+2%(*" =;J.&2"+(+G@/&(*@+>"" " " " ?#4@&/%"A- Z"W:"X;]!N"7>"R'C+/G)C)G.@&/41")":*$/.%"&I"G)C)G.@&/4")2%"$)@@+/.+41")/+")2"+H+/;.2;"@+G:2&(&;*" @:)@"G)2"C/&F.%+"!\"@&"!\\"@.H+4"H&/+"+2+/;*"%+24.@*"@:)2"G&2F+2@.&2)("G)C)G.@&/41"&F+/"!\\"@.H+4" H&/+"C&L+/"%+24.@*"@:)2"$)@@+/.+41")2%"G)2"$+"G:)/;+%"L.@:.2"4+G&2%4"M!]!\"4+G&2%4N[Jg>"B'//+2@(*" )F).()$(+"4'C+/G)C)G.@&/41"2)H+(*"+(+G@/.G"%&'$(+J()*+/"G)C)G.@&/4"M" #4" 4'G:1" @:+./" +2+/;*" %+24.@*" .4" /+4@/.G@+%" $*" @:+" +PC&4+%" +(+G@/&G:+H.G)("4'/I)G+")/+)>"U&/"4'C+/G)C)G.@&/4"@&")G:.+F+"$&@:":.;:"+2+/;*")2%"C&L+/"%+24.@.+41" H)@+/.)(4" H'4@" $+" %+F+(&C+%" @:)@" G)2" 4@&/+" G:)/;+4" F.)" I)/)%).G" /+%&P" /+)G@.&24" &/" C4+'%&G)C)[email protected]+"G:)/;+"4@&/);+"H+G:)2.4H4".2")%%.@.&2"@&"@:+"7"c"&F+/" !\1\\\"G*G(+4".2")_'+&'4"H+%.)N" 7h>"8&L+F+/1"@:+":.;:"G&4@"&I"C/&%'G.2;"@:.4"H)@+/.)("(.H.@4".@4" '@.(.@*".2")(("$'@"2.G:+")CC(.G)@.&24>"#(@+/2)@.F+(*1")"/+()@.F+(*"2+L"G()44"&I"@L&J%.H+24.&2)("M7,N" G)/$.%+4")2%"2.@/.%+4"G)((+%"=K+2+4":)F+"$++2"G&24.%+/+%"I&/"4'C+/G)C)G.@&/4"%'+"@&"@:+./":.;:" +(+G@/.G)(" G&2%'[email protected].@.+41" :.;:" 4'/I)G+" )/+)41" )2%" @:+" )$.(.@*" @&" $+" 4*2@:+4.Q+%" L.@:" :*%/&C:.(.G" 4'/I)G+4"@:)@"C/+4+2@")HC(+"4.@+4"I&/".&2.G")%4&/C@.&2!h17jJZd>"O:.4"2+L"I)H.(*"&I"7,"G&HC&'2%4" :)F+"@:+";+2+/)("I&/H'()"=2`!K2"M2"l"!1"71"ZN1"L:+/+"=".4")2"+)/(*"@/)24.@.&2"H+@)(1"#"/+C/+4+2@4" )2"+(+H+2@".2"@:+"H).2";/&'C1")2%"K"%+2&@+4"G)/$&2"&/"2.@/&;+21")2%")/+"C/&%'G+%"$*"+@G:.2;"@:+" m#n" ()*+/" I/&H" @:+./" G&//+4C&2%.2;" C)/+2@" =2`!#K2" C:)4+4>" O:+" 4*2@:+4.4" )2%" C/&G+44.2;" &I" =K+2+4"(+)%4"@&"$)4)("C()2+"4'/I)G+4"@+/H.2)@+%"L.@:"S1"S81")2%T&/"U1")2%"@:'4"@:+"I'(("I&/H'()" .4"%+2&@+%"=2`!K2OP"L:+/+"OP"/+C/+4+2@4"4'/I)G+"@+/H.2)@.&2"MS1"S81")2%T&/"UN>" #H&2;"@:+"H&/+"@:)2"^\"+PC+/.H+2@)((*"4*2@:+4.Q+%"G)/$.%+")2%"2.@/.%+"=K+2+41"&2(*"@L&" )/+"/+C&/@+%"I&/"2.@/.%+4ZgJZj1"I&/"L:.G:"@:+"C:*4.G)(1"G:+H.G)(1")2%"+(+G@/&G:+H.G)("C/&C+/@.+4"")/+" -'4@"$+;.22.2;"@&"$+"'2F+.(+%>"B)/$.%+"=K+2+4":)F+"4:&L2"C/&H.4+4"I&/"+2+/;*"4@&/);+!h1!j1Z^1Zd1^\J ^7 >" #H&2;" @:+" 2)@.F+" G)/$.%+" =K+2+4" +PC(&/+%" I&/" 4'C+/G)C)G.@&/41" O.ZB7OP1" :)4" 4:&L2" +PG+C@.&2)("C4+'%&G)C)[email protected]+"C+/I&/H)2G+"L.@:"G)C)G.@)2G+"+PG++%.2;"7\\"U";]!"&F+/"@:&'4)2%4" &I" G*G(+4!j1Z^>" A+G+2@(*1" G&HC&4.@+4" &I" G)/$.%+" =K+2+4" )2%" G&2F+2@.&2)(" C4+'%&G)C)[email protected]+" H)@+/.)(4".2G('%.2;"G&2%'[email protected];"C&(*H+/4^Z1^^1"&P.%+4^[1^d1")2%"4'(I.%+4^g1^h1":)F+"4:&L2"&'@4@)2%.2;" G*G(.2;" C+/I&/H)2G+1" &'@C+/I&/H.2;" 2)@.F+" G)/$.%+" =K+2+4>" B&HC)/+%" @&" G)/$.%+41" 2.@/.%+" =K+2+41".2"C)/@.G'()/"O.7?OP1")/+"C/+%.G@+%"@&":)F+":.;:+/"C4+'%&G)C)[email protected]+"C+/I&/H)2G+"@:)2" @:+./" G)/$.%+" G&'2@+/C)/@4" %'+" @&" @:+./" :.;:+/" G&2%'[email protected].@*" )2%" )II.2.@*" I&/" H&2&F)(+2@" )2%" H'(@.F)(+2@" G)@.&2" )%4&/C@.&2^jJ[!>" V2" )%%.@.&21" I&/" O.7?OP" )2%" H)2*" &@:+/" =K+2+41" @:+" G:)/;+" 4@&/);+"G)C)G.@*".4"C/+%.G@+%"@&"%+C+2%":+)F.(*"&2"@:+"4'/I)G+"@+/H.2)@.&2";/&'C"OPZ[1Zd1^jJ[^>"SI"

!

7"

ACS Paragon Plus Environment

Page 2 of 25

Page 3 of 25 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60



ACS Applied Nano Materials 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

I('&/.%+"4)(@4")/+"/+H&F+%"'4.2;")"G&2G+2@/)@+%":*%/&G:(&/.G")G.%"@&"*.+(%"2)2&()*+/+%"O.7?OP>" W+")@@/.$'@+"OP"l"S")2%T&/"S8"$)4+%"&2"UOVA1"A)H)21")2%"RO1" 4&('@.&24" &I" b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d>"U&((&L.2;"&P*;+2J)44.4@+%"H&(@+2"4)(@"/+)G@.&2"@&"+P@/)G@"@:+"#J4.@+" #("+(+H+2@".2"@:+"=#K"C:)4+1")('H.2'H"I('&/.%+"G&HC&'2%4")/+"%+@+G@+%")4"$*JC/&%'G@4"MU.;'/+" R!N>"U&((&L.2;"@:.4"/+)G@.&21"@:+"M\\7N"/+I(+G@.&2"$/&)%+24")2%"4:.I@4"@&L)/%"(&L+/")2;(+4"MU.;'/+" 7)N1"L:.G:"G&//+4C&2%"@&")2".2G/+)4+".2"@:+"GJ()@@.G+"C)/)H+@+/"MGJ6iN"$+@L++2".2%.F.%')(1"Z")@&HJ ()*+/" O.7?" 4:++@4" .2%.G)@.2;" 4'GG+44I'(" I&/H)@.&2" &I" @:+" O.7?OP" =K+2+" )I@+/" &P*;+2J)44.4@+%" H&(@+2"4)(@"I('&/.%+"+@G:.2;Z!1[71[gJd\>"B&24.4@+2@"L.@:"C/+F.&'4"/+4'(@41"@:+"GJ6i".2G/+)4+4"I/&H"!>^" 2H"MI&/"O.7#(?N"@&"!>d"2H"MI&/"O.7?OPNZh>"O:+"C+)X4")@"Zd>hp")2%"^7>gp"&2"@:+"2)2&()*+/+%"4)HC(+1" /+%"4C+G@/'H1")/+"I/&H"O.?".HC'/.@*1")2%"@:+/+")/+"2&"C+)X4"G&//+4C&2%.2;"@&"G/*4@)((.2+"$'(X"O.S7" .2" @:+" KA," C)@@+/24>" O:+" )%%.@.&2)(" $/&)%" C+)X4" G+2@+/+%" )/&'2%" Y^\p" )2%" Yd\p" )/+" I/&H" @:+" %&'$(+J4.%+%J@)C+"'2%+/2+)@:"@:+"R."4'$4@/)@+>"" " ?.@/&;+2" C:*4.4&/C@.&2" C/&F.%+4" I'/@:+/" +F.%+2G+" &I" 2)2&()*+/+%" O.7?OP" =K+2+" I&/H)@.&2" I/&H" @:+" O.7#(?" =#K" C:)4+" )4" @:+" C:*4.G)(" 4'/I)G+" )/+)" .2G/+)4+4" I/&H" !>\" @&" ![" H7;]!1" )GG&HC)2.+%"$*"@:+"C/+4+2G+"&I"2+L"C&/+"%.)H+@+/"Yg"2H"'C&2"@:+"=K+2+"I&/H)@.&2"MU.;'/+"7$N>""

!

^"


Page 4 of 25

Page 5 of 25

(

C,*$,D'*< +(E1-

8'; H'

;(,"/("#(("@:+"C+)X4" I/&H" @:+" &P*;+2J)44.4@+%" H&(@+2" 4)(@J@/+)@+%" 4)HC(+" )/+" )44.;2+%" )2%" (.4@+%" .2" U.;'/+" R!>" O:+" $/&)%"C+)X4")@"Y^\p")2%"Yd\p")/+"I/&H"@:+"%&'$(+J4.%+%J@)C+"'2%+/2+)@:"@:+"R."4'$4@/)@+>"M$N"i&/+" 4.Q+"%.4@/.$'@.&24")2%"4'/I)G+")/+)4"I&/"O.7#(?"M$()GXN")2%"2)2&()*+/+%"O.7?OP"M/+%N>"MGN"A)H)2" 4C+G@/)"G&((+G@+%"'2%+/".2+/@")@H&4C:+/+"+2F./&2H+2@"I&/"O.7#(?"M$()GXN")2%"2)2&()*+/+%"O.7?OP" M/+%N>"O:+"C/+G'/4&/"O.7#(?"$+(&2;4"@&")"7!!J@*C+"=#K"C:)4+"L.@:"I&'/")[email protected]+"A)H)2"H&%+4D" @:/++".2JC()2+"H&%+41"q!M
["



Page 6 of 25

O:+"4'$4+_'+2@".2G/+)4+".2"4'/I)G+")/+)")2%"C&/+"F&('H+".2"@:+"2)2&()*+/+%"O.7?OK"=K+2+"L&'(%" (.X+(*"/+4'(@".2":.;:"G)C)G.@)2G+")4"G:)/;+".4"4@&/+%".2"+)/(*"@/)24.@.&2"H+@)("G)/$.%+4")2%"2.@/.%+4" D',")%4&/C@.&2")2%"%+4&/C@.&2"&I"+(+G@/&(*@+".&24".2")2%"&'@"&I"C&/+4"!h17!1Zd1d!1d7>" " ?+P@1" L+" .2F+4@.;)@+" @:+" F.$/)@.&2)(" H&%+4" &I" @:+" O.7#(?" =#K" C/+G'/4&/" )2%" 2)2&()*+/+%" O.7?OP"=K+2+"'4.2;"A)H)2"4C+G@/)"G&((+G@+%"'2%+/".2+/@")@H&4C:+/+"+2F./&2H+2@")4"4:&L2".2" U.;'/+"7G>"O:+"C/+G'/4&/"O.7#(?"$+(&2;4"@&")"7!!J@*C+"=#K"C:)4+1"L:+/+"I&'/")[email protected]+"A)H)2" H&%+4":)F+"$++2"C/+%.G@+%D"@:/++".2JC()2+"H&%+41"q!M" O:+" 2)2&()*+/+%" O.7?OP" M/+%" 4C+G@/'HN" +P:.$.@4" I&'/" %[email protected]@.F+" A)H)2" I+)@'/+4" )@" ![\1" 7d[1" ^!Z1" )2%" d!\" GH]!" @:)@" )/+" $/&)%+2+%" )2%" 4:.I@+%" I/&H" @:&4+" G&//+4C&2%.2;" @&" .@4" C/+G'/4&/" O.7#(?" =#K" .2%.G)@.2;" 4'GG+44I'("+PI&(.)@.&2"&I"@:+"O.7#(?"=#K"C:)4+1Zg1Zh"G&24.4@+2@"L.@:"@:&4+"A)H)2"I+)@'/+4".2"@:+" (&2+"/+C&/@"&I"O.7?"=K+2+Zh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email protected]+")4"@:+"@:.GX2+44+4"&I"@:+"=K+2+"()*+/4".2"@:+"2)2&()*+/+%"4)HC(+")/+"H'G:"@:.22+/"@:)2" @:&4+" .2" @:+" &P*;+2J)44.4@+%" H&(@+2" 4)(@" @/+)@+%" 4)HC(+" MU.;'/+4" Z$" )2%" ZGN>" #%%.@.&2)(" R["µH"@&"["µH"MU.;'/+4"Z$")2%"ZGN>"" "

,

%&!'()"*'+

6 %&!)%."/&01"$2(034"5,(05"

!"#$

-"#$

: ),42(,73839"%&!)%.

!"#$

! B*0$/#-GD"R"O:+"()@+/)("4.Q+"&I"@:+"I()X+4".4"\>["µH"@&"["µH>" "

!

d"


Page 7 of 25 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60




S8".2"@:+"O.7?OP"=K+2+")2%".@4")$4+2G+".2"@:+"O.7#(?"=#K"C:)4+".4".2%.G)@+%"$*"@:+"S"4.;2)(" MSJbN".2"MGN1"(.;:@"F.&(+@"/+;.&2>" W+"&$4+/F+"G(+)/")2%"4@/&2;"O."MO.J671Z"+%;+N")2%"?"M?Jb"+%;+N"4.;2)(4".2"$&@:"O.7?OP"=K+2+" )2%".@4"G&'2@+/C)/@"O.7#(?"=#K"C:)4+"M(.;:@"/+%")2%"(.;:@";/++2":.;:(.;:@+%"/+;.&24".2"U.;'/+4"^G" )2%"^.1"/[email protected]+(*N1".2%.G)@.2;"@:+"4@/'G@'/)(".2@+;/.@*"&I"@:+"O.]?"$&2%"'C&2"I&/H.2;"@:+"=K+2+>" O:+" 4(.;:@" 4:.I@" .2" @:+" ?Jb" +%;+" +2+/;*" .2" )((" @:/++" /+;.&24" MU.;'/+" ^.N" )2%" .2" @:+" O.J671Z" +%;+" +2+/;*" .2" @:+" $('+" /+;.&2" MU.;'/+" ^GN" 4';;+4@4" %.II+/+2@" O." )2%" ?" 4'//&'2%.2;4" 'C&2" =K+2+" I&/H)@.&2" Zj>"V2")%%.@.&21"@:+/+".4"2&"S"MSJb"+%;+N"4.;2)(".2"@:+"O.7#(?"=#K"C:)4+1"L:+/+)4")" L+)X"S"MSJb"+%;+N"4.;2)(".4"F.4.$(+".2"@:+"O.7?OP"=K+2+"M(.;:@"F.&(+@"/+;.&2".2"U.;'/+"^GN>"O:+" C/+4+2G+"&I"SJb"+%;+"4.;2)(")2%")$4+2G+"&I"UJb"+%;+"4.;2)(".2"@:+"" O:+/+I&/+1" +(+G@/&G:+H.G)(" H+)4'/+H+2@4" L+/+" +HC(&*+%" @&" +F)(')@+" @:+" 4C+G.I.G" G)C)G.@)2G+" )2%" F&(@);+" L.2%&L" &I" @:+" 2)2&()*+/+%" O.7?OP" =K+2+" .2" F)/.&'4" +(+G@/&(*@.G" 4&('@.&24" G&2@).2.2;" #(Z`1" =;7`1" b`1" ?)`1" 6.`1" )2%" 8`" G)@.&24>" " A+C/&%'G.$(+" +(+G@/&G:+H.4@/*".4"&$4+/F+%".2")(("@:+"+(+G@/&(*@.G"4&('@.&24>"O:+"L&/X.2;"F&(@);+"L.2%&L"G'@&II4" .2"+)G:"+(+G@/&(*@+"L+/+"I.P+%"C/.&/"@&"@:+"&24+@"&I"@:+"87")2%"S7"+F&('@.&2"/+)G@.&24")4"4:&L2".2"" ! 10

.122'3$(/,(&450

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60

Page 8 of 25

5 0 -5

Al2(SO4)3 H2SO4 Li2SO4 MgSO4 Na2SO4 K2SO4 KOH

-10 -15 -1.6

-1.2

-0.8

-0.4

0.0

!"#$%&'()*+(,&-,&.#(/!0 ! ! B*0$/#-ID!" ,)@)" L+/+" G&((+G@+%")@"/&&H"@+HC+/)@'/+"'4.2;")"4G)2"/)@+"&I"[\"Hc"4]!>"O:+"F&(@);+"L.2%&L"L)4"G:&4+2"

!

h"


Page 9 of 25 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60


)I@+/" G*G(.2;" @:+" H)@+/.)(" 4+F+/)(" @.H+4" /+4'(@.2;" .2" /+C+)@)$(+" F&(@)HH&;/)H4>" O:+" F&(@);+" L.2%&L"L)4"G'@"&II"C/.&/"@&"@:+"&24+@"&I"@:+"87"+F&('@.&2"/+)G@.&2>""" " U.;'/+"[>"O:+"2)2&()*+/+%"O.7?OP"+P:.$.@4"L.%+/"F&(@);+"L.2%&L4"&I"Y!>7"c")@"[\"Hc4]!".2"2+'@/)(" +(+G@/&(*@+4"@:)2".2")G.%.G"&/")(X)(.2+"+(+G@/&(*@+4"L:+/+".@".4"(.H.@+%"@&"Y\>h"c>"#@")"4(&L+/"4L++C" /)@+"&I"7"Hc4]!1"@:+"F&(@);+"L.2%&L4"L+/+"/+%'G+%"@&"!>\"c".2"2+'@/)("+(+G@/&(*@+4")2%"\>d"c".2" )G.%.G")2%")(X)(.2+"+(+G@/&(*@+4"MO)$(+"!")2%"U.;'/+"R[N>"R.H.()/"@&"@:+4+"I.2%.2;41"(&L"F&(@);+" L.2%&L4")(4&"L+/+"&$4+/F+%"I&/"H&4@"G)/$.%+"=K+2+4".2")G.%.G")2%")(X)(.2+"+(+G@/&(*@+4".2G('%.2;" @:+":+)F.(*J4@'%.+%"O.ZB7OP"=K+2+"Mf\>d"cN")2%".@4"G&'2@+/C)/@"O.7BOP"Mf\>g"cN"7\1Z^1^71[j1d\>"=&/+" .2@+/[email protected];(*1"$/&)%1"/+F+/4.$(+"+(+G@/&G:+H.G)("/+%&P"C+)X41"G&24.4@+2@"L.@:")"C4+'%&G)C)[email protected]+" H+G:)2.4H1"g1!^1!j1d^")/+"&$4+/F+%".2"H&4@"&I"@:+"+(+G@/&(*@.G"4&('@.&241")2%")/+"+4C+G.)((*"C/&H.2+2@" .2"@:+"=;7`1"#(Z`1")2%"8`"G)@.&2J$)4+%"+(+G@/&(*@+4>"O:+4+"I.2%.2;4".2%.G)@+"@:)@"@:+"2)2&()*+/+%" O.7?OP" =K+2+" 4@&/+4" G:)/;+" D'," )" C4+'%&G)C)[email protected]+" H+G:)2.4H1" .2" L:.G:" I)/)%).G" C/&G+44+4" .2F&(F.2;" I)4@1" 2+)/J4'/I)G+" /+%&P" /+)G@.&24" &GG'/" &2" @:+" =K+2+" H)@+/.)(1" .2" )%%.@.&2" @&" @:+" +(+G@/&4@)@.G"%&'$(+J()*+/"G:)/;+"4@&/);+")4".2"G&2F+2@.&2)("G)C)G.@&/"+(+G@/&%+4>" " " "" 5(>3#-CD"R'HH)/*"&I"G)C)G.@)2G+4")2%"L&/X.2;"F&(@);+"L.2%&L4"I&/"2)2&()*+/+%"O.7?OP"=K+2+" .2"F)/.&'4"+(+G@/&(*@+4"M)(("!"="G&2G+2@/)@.&2N>" " \" \>j" \>d" !>\" !>\" !>\" \>d"

c&(@);+"L.2%&L"McN" )@"[\"Hc4]!" !>7" !>7" \>h" !>7" !>7" !>7" \>h"

" " " #"C4+'%&G)C)[email protected]+"G:)/;+J4@&/);+"H+G:)2.4H".4"@:+"X+*"G&HC&2+2@".2"H)P.H.Q.2;"@:+"+2+/;*" %+24.@*"&I"4'C+/G)C)G.@&/41")2%"L+"+PC(&/+%"@:.4"+II+G@"I'/@:+/".2"@:+"2)2&()*+/+%"O.7?OP"=K+2+>" U./4@1" L+" C/&$+%" @:+" %+C+2%+2G+" &I" @:+" G)C)G.@)2G+" &2" @:+" 4G)2" /)@+" I&/" @:+" O.7?OP" =K+2+" .2" )_'+&'4"H+%.)>"U.;'/+"d)"4:&L4"@:+"G)C)G.@)2G+")4")"I'2G@.&2"&I"4G)2"/)@+"I&/"@:+"2)2&()*+/+%" O.7?OP"=K+2+".2")_'+&'4"+(+G@/&(*@.G"4&('@.&24>",)@)"I&/"@:+"O.7#(?"=#K"C/+G'/4&/")/+".2G('%+%" M$()GX" I.((+%" G./G(+41" U.;'/+" d)N1" L:.G:" 4:&L" 2+;(.;.$(+" ;/)F.H+@/.G" G)C)G.@)2G+" MYd" U" ;]!N" G&HC)/+%"@&"@:+"O.7?OP"=K+2+"MY7\\"U";]!N".2"@:+"=;RS^"+(+G@/&(*@+>"O:+"G)C)G.@)2G+".2G/+)4+4" (&;)/.@:H.G)((*" L.@:" %+G/+)4.2;" 4G)2" /)@+" .2" )((" @:+" +(+G@/&(*@.G" 4&('@.&24" MU.;'/+" d)N1" L:.G:" .2%.G)@+4")"C4+'%&G)C)[email protected]+"G:)/;+"4@&/);+"H+G:)2.4H" 7!1d71d^>"O:+"&$4+/F+%"G)C)G.@)2G+")@"@:+" :.;:+4@"4G)2"/)@+"Ma"Y[\\"Hc"4]!N".4"(.H.@+%"$*"@:+"%.II'4.&2"&I"=;7`"G)@.&24".2@&"@:+".22+/"()*+/4" &I"@:+"O.7?OP"=K+2+"M(.X+(*"@:+"H.G/&C&/+4"I&'2%"I/&H"?7"C:*4.4&/C@.&2")2)(*4.41"U.;'/+"7$N" d[1dd >"O:+"H)P.H'H"G)C)G.@)2G+".4"&$4+/F+%")@"@:+"(&L+4@"4G)2"/)@+4"M$+(&L"!\"Hc"4]!N>"#"4'HH)/*" &I"@:+"@&@)("G)C)G.@)2G+")2%"L&/X.2;"F&(@);+"L.2%&L"F)('+4")/+"(.4@+%".2"O)$(+"!>"U.;'/+"7G"4:&L4" @:+" %+C+2%+2G+" &I" @:+" G'//+2@" &2" @:+" 4G)2" /)@+" I&/" 2)2&()*+/+%" O.7?OP" =K+2+" .2" @:+" =;RS^"

!

j"



+(+G@/&(*@+>" W+" [email protected])@+" @:+" I/)G@.&2" &I" G'//+2@" %'+" @&" 4'/I)G+" G)C)[email protected]+" +II+G@4" )2%" %.II'4.&2J G&2@/&((+%"C/&G+44"'4.2;"@:+"I&((&L.2;"+_')@.&2dgD" " !"#$% & " '( ) * " '+ ,(-+ """"""#.%" " W:+/+"F!D")2%"F7D!T7"/+C/+4+2@"@:+"G'//+2@"G&2@/.$'@.&24"I/&H"@:+"4'/I)G+"G)C)[email protected]+"C/&G+44+4")2%" @:+"%.II'4.&2JG&2@/&((+%"C/&G+441"/[email protected]+(*dg>"#@")2*";.F+2"4G)2"/)@+1"@:+"G)C)[email protected]+"G&2@/.$'@.&2" @&"@:+"@&@)("G'//+2@".4":.;:+/"@:)2"@:)@"I&/"@:+"%.II'4.&2JG&2@/&((+%"C/&G+441".2%.G)@.2;"@:)@"4'/I)G+" G)C)[email protected]+"4@&/);+"H+G:)2.4H4"M.>+>1"+(+G@/&4@)@.G1"C4+'%&G)C)[email protected]+N"%&H.2)@+"@:+"G:)/;+"4@&/);+" G)C)G.@*"&I"2)2&()*+/+%"O.7?OP"=K+2+".2"@:+"=;RS^"+(+G@/&(*@+>"

!

!\"


Page 10 of 25

Page 11 of 25 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60




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`"a"#(Z`"a"6.`"a" ?)`" a"b`"G)@.&24"&2"$)/+"O.7?"M2&"OP";/&'C4N")2%"&2"O.7?OP"L.@:"@+/H.2)@.2;";/&'C4"OP"l"S1" )2%T&/"S8"M2&")%4&/C@.&2"L)4"I&'2%"&2"O.7?"L:+2"OP"l"UN[!>"B&HC)/+%"L.@:"@:+")(X)(."G)@.&241" @:+"H'(@.F)(+2@".&24"L+/+"C/+%.G@+%"@&"%+(.F+/"H&/+"@:)2"&2+"+(+G@/&21"L.@:"@:+"=;J.&2"+(+G@/&(*@+" &'@C+/I&/H.2;")(("&@:+/4"M!>dZg"+]T=;7`N"[!>"S'/"+PC+/.H+2@)((*"&$4+/F+%"G)C)G.@)2G+JG)@.&2"@/+2%" G&2I./H4"@:.4"@:+&/[email protected])("C/+%.G@.&2")2%"I&((&L4"@:+"&/%+/D"=;7`"a"#(Z`"a"6.`"a"?)`"a"b`>"O:+"G(&4+" 4.H.()/.@*" $+@L++2" &'/" +PC+/.H+2@)(" /+4'(@4" )2%" @:&4+" 4';;+4@+%" @:+&/[email protected])((*" 4';;+4@" @:)@" @:+" 2)2&()*+/+%"O.7?OP"=K+2+".4"@+/H.2)@+%"L.@:"&P*;+2")@&H4"MOP"l"S")2%T&/"S8N"G&24.4@+2@"L.@:" @:+"A)H)21"UOVA1")2%"RO"M$N"B)C)G.@)2G+"/+@+2@.&2"F+/4'4"G*G(+"2'H$+/"I&/"2)2&()*+/+%"O.7?OP" =K+2+"M/+%"G./G(+N".2"!"="=;RS^>"B)C)G.@)2G+"/+@+2@.&2".4"G)C)G.@)2G+"2&/H)(.Q+%"$*"@:+".2.@.)(" G)C)G.@)2G+>" O:+" .24+@" .2" M$N" 4:&L4" ;)(F)2&4@)@.G" G*G(.2;" %)@)" I&/" @:+" I./4@" Z" G*G(+4>" B*G(.G" F&(@)HH&;/)H4"$+I&/+1"$+@L++21")2%")I@+/";)(F)2&4@)@.G"G*G(.2;")/+"4:&L2".2"U.;'/+"Rg>"#(("%)@)" G&((+G@+%")@"/&&H"@+HC+/)@'/+>" " =;J.&2"+(+G@/&(*@+"+PG++%4"7\\"U";]!")@"(&L"G'//+2@"%+24.@*1"\>["#";]!1".2G/+)4+4"L.@:";)(F)2&4@)@.G" G*G(.2;1" )2%" /+)G:+4" &F+/" !d\e" )@" @:+" !\\\@:" G*G(+" )@" [" #" ;]!" MU.;'/+" g$N>" O:+" .2G/+)4+" .2" G)C)G.@)2G+" I/&H" @:+" O.7?OP" =K+2+" .2" @:+" =;J.&2" +(+G@/&(*@+" G)2" $+" +PC().2+%" $*" @:+" 4@/&2;" )%4&/C@.&2")II.2.@*"&I"O.7?OP"MOP"l"S")2%T&/"S8N"I&/"@:+"=;7`"G)@.&2")2%"$*")%%.@.&2)("+PI&(.)@.&2" I/&H"=;J.&2".2@+/G)()@.&2"$+@L++2".2%.F.%')("=K+2+"()*+/4"L.@:"G*G(.2;!j>"O:+4+"&$4+/F)@.&24" G&2G'/"L.@:"@:+")I&/+H+2@.&2+%"@:+&/[email protected])("G)(G'()@.&24"4:&L.2;"I)F&/)$(+")%4&/C@.&2"+2+/;*"I&/" =;7`"G)@.&24".2"@:+"O.7?OP"=K+2+"L.@:"S")2%T&/"S8"@+/H.2)@.2;";/&'C4[!>"O:+"C4+'%&G)C)[email protected]+" H+G:)2.4H"I&/"@:+"$+2G:H)/X"G)/$.%+"=K+2+1"O.ZB7OP".2"87RS^"+(+G@/&(*@+1"L)4"&2(*"'2%+/4@&&%" /+G+2@(*")2%".4"%+/.F+%"I/&H"@:+"C/&@&2)@.&2"&I"&P*;+2"I'2G@.&2)(";/&'C4")@"@:+"4'/I)G+1"(+)%.2;"@&" G:)2;+4".2"@:+"&P.%)@.&2"4@)@+"&I"@:+"4'/I)G+"O.")@&H4Zd>"W+"C&4.@"@:)@"@:+"2)2&()*+/+%"O.7?OP" =K+2+")(4&"4@&/+4"G:)/;+4"D',")"C4+'%&G)C)[email protected]+"H+G:)2.4H".2F&(F.2;"O."&P.%)@.&2"4@)@+"G:)2;+4" +2)$(+%"$*"@:+".2@+/)G@.&2"&I"=;7`"G)@.&24")2%"&P*;+2"I'2G@.&2)(";/&'C4"&2".@4"4'/I)G+>" " 6)4@(*1"L+"'4+%""B)C)[email protected]+" $+:)F.&/"L)4"&$@).2+%".2")(("@:+"+(+G@/&(*@.G"4&('@.&24")4".2%.G)@+%"$*"@:+"4(&C+"&I"@:+"4C+G@/)g>" A+4'(@4"I/&H"@:+"=;J")2%"#(J.&2"+(+G@/&(*@+4"L+/+"I'/@:+/")2)(*Q+%")4":.;:+/"G)C)G.@)2G+4"L+/+" &$@).2+%".2"@:+4+"+(+G@/&(*@+4>"O:+"+PC+/.H+2@)("%)@)"L+/+"I.@@+%"@&")2"+_'.F)(+2@"+(+G@/&G:+H.G)(" G./G'.@" )4" 4:&L2" .2" U.;'/+" h>" W+" '4+" )" 4.HC(+" H&%+(" @:)@" G&HC/.4+4" )" AB" G&HC&2+2@" )2%" )" W)/$'/;"/+;.H+>"O:+"+//&/"I/&H"@:+"I.@"I&/"$&@:"4*4@+H4"L)4"(+44"@:)2"7e>"O:.4"H&%+(1"@:&';:" F+/*"4)HC(+1"%+4G/.$+4"@:+"+(+G@/&G:+H.G)("C/&G+44"&I"@:+"2)2&()*+/+%"O.7?OP".2"@:+"=;J")2%"#(J .&2"+(+G@/&(*@+4"_'.@+"L+((>"#@":.;:"I/+_'+2G*"MY!\\"X8QN"@:+"+(+G@/&G:+H.G)("4*4@+H".4"%&H.2)@+%" $*"@:+"4&('@.&2"/+4.4@)2G+"MA4N1"L:+/+"@:+/+".4"2&"&$4+/F)$(+"G)C)G.@)2G+>"U/&H"!\"X8Q"@&"7\\"8Q1" @:+"%&'$(+J()*+/"G:)/;+"4@&/);+"C/+F).(4"MB%(N>"#@"(&L"I/+_'+2G*1"$+(&L"7\\"8Q1"@:+"G)C)[email protected]+" 4@&/);+".4".2I('+2G+%"$*"@:+"W)/$'/;"%.II'4.&21"@:)@".41")"G&24@)2@"C:)4+"+(+H+2@"L.@:")"C:)4+")2;(+" $+@L++2" Z\¡" )2%" d\¡1" .2%.G)@.2;" @:)@" @:+" 2)2&()*+/+%" O.7?OP" =K+2+" 4*4@+H" $+:)F+4" )4" )" 4'C+/G)C)G.@&/")4"+PC+G@+%"$)4+%"&2")(("@:+"+(+G@/&G:+H.G)("/+4'(@4>""

!

!^"


Page 14 of 25

Page 15 of 25 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60




@:+"G)C)[email protected]+"$+:)F.&/".2"+PI&(.)@+%"O.7?OP"=K+2+1"L:.G:"H)*"+P:.$.@"+2:)2G+%"G)C)G.@)2G+")2%" G:)/;+T%.4G:)/;+"/)@+4"@:)2"2)2&()*+/+%"O.7?OP"=K+2+>" " #RRSBV#O

Pseudocapacitive Storage in Nanolayered Ti2NTx MXene Using Mg

Recommend Documents