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N-Acyldithieno[3,2-b:2’,3’-d]pyrrole-based Low Bandgap Conjugated Polymer Solar Cells with Amine-modified [6,6]-Phenyl-C61- Butyric Acid Ester Cathode Interlayers Deng Hong, Menglan Lv, Ming Lei, Yu Chen, Ping Lu, Yanguang Wang, Jin Zhu, Haiqiao Wang, Mei Gao, Scott E. Watkins, and Xiwen Chen ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, Just Accepted Manuscript • DOI: 10.1021/am4032289 • Publication Date (Web): 15 Oct 2013 Downloaded from http://pubs.acs.org on October 21, 2013
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Hong, et al. N-acyldithienopyrrole-based low bandgap conjugated polymer solar cells…
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
N-Acyldithieno[3,2-b:2’,3’-d]pyrrole-based Low Bandgap Conjugated Polymer Solar Cells with Amine-modified [6,6]-Phenyl-C61- Butyric Acid Ester Cathode Interlayers Deng Hong1, 3‡ Menglan Lv,2,3,5‡ Ming Lei,1,3* Yu Chen,3,4 Ping Lu,1 Yanguang Wang,1 Jin Zhu,2* Haiqiao Wang,4 Mei Gao,3 Scott E. Watkins,3 Xiwen Chen3* 1
Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China. 2Chengdu Institute of
Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China. 3CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia. 4State Key Laboratory of OrganicInorganic Composites, Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, P. R .China. 5
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences，Beijing，100049，China.
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Hong, et al. N-acyldithienopyrrole-based low bandgap conjugated polymer solar cells… ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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Abstract
Efficient low bandgap polymers are one key component for constructing tandem solar cells with other higher bandgap materials to harvest wide absorption of the solar spectrum. The Nacyldithieno[3,2-b:2’,3’-d]pyrrole (DTP) building block is used for making low bandgap polymers. It is attractive because of its strong donating ability and relatively low highest occupied molecular orbital level in comparison with N-alkyl DTP building block. However, additional solublising groups on the accepting units are needed for soluble donor-acceptor polymers based on the N-alkanoyl DTP building block. Combining N-benzoyl DTP with a 4,7dithieno-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole building block, a polymer with a low bandgap of 1.44 eV delivers a high short circuit current of 17.1 mA/cm2 and a power conversion efficiency of 3.95%, which are the highest for the devices with DTP-containing materials. Herein, an alcohol soluble diamine-modified fullerene cathode interfacial layer improved the device efficiency much higher than the mono-amine analogue.
Keywords: polymer solar cells, low bandgap polymers, N-acyldithienopyrrole, amine-modified fullerene, interfacial materials
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Hong, et al. N-acyldithienopyrrole-based low bandgap conjugated polymer solar cells… ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
Introduction Polymer solar cells have been attracted broad interests both in academic and industry as renewable energy sources because of their unique advantages of light weight, flexible and low cost fabrication.1 The highest efficiency solar cells reported recently are tandem solar cells with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 10.6 %2 and single inverted solar cells with an alcohol soluble conjugated polymer cathode interfacial layer or a fullerene modified ZnO cathode interlayer with PCE of 9.2 % and 9.35%, respectively.3 Tandem solar cells provide an effective way to harvest a broader spectrum of solar radiation by combining two or more solar cells with different absorption profiles to achieve higher PCEs.2,5-7 Other ways to harvest wide light absorption include the use of ternary blend comprising two donors with different but complementary absorption properties to the solar spectrum,8-10 and reflective tandem solar cells.11 One of the significant features of the record tandem solar cell is the novel low bandgap polymer.2 There are very few highly efficient low bandgap polymers (
