book reviews Editor: W. F. KIEFFER College of Wooster Womter, Ohio
Quantitative Chemical Analysis
I. M . Kolthoff, E. B. Sandell, and E. J . Meehan, all of the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, and Stanley Bruckm s t ~ i nState , University of New York at Buffalo. 4th ed. Macmillan Co., New 1199 pp. Figs. York, 1969. xii and tables. 17 X 25 cm. $12.95. Many of today's t,eachers owe much of their sound grounding in analytiosl chemistry to Kolthoff and Sandell. This rightly-famous "Textbook of Quantitative Inorganic Analysis" passed through many printings and three editions, the last being that of 1952. Much must, therefore, be expected of the Fourth Edition, retitled "Quantitative Chemical Analysis," in the production of which the original authors have been joined by their associates of long standing, Professors E. J. Meehan and S. Bruekenstein. The shortening of the tille has been accompanied by an increase of approximately 50 per cent in the number of pages. The length of the text, for which the authors express some regrets, is certainly not due to the cramming in of sections that purport to deal with last month's mop of new analytical tools and techniques. Nor is it due to the unbridled inclusion of illustrations. Although adequately illustrated, the work employs figures to provide real support for the q an exhibition of printed line, and not a science-oriented artwork. Itather, the size of the book reflects the growth of analytical chemistry, together with the need to supply essential matatid for the serious student and optional reading for the superior student.
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Four main sections suffioed for the Third Edition, but more than twice this number make up the present text. The sectional divisions are Theoretical Funds, mentals, Practical Fundamentals, Gravimetric Analysis, Theory of Volumetric Analysis, Volumetric Determinations, Theory of Eleetrosndytical Chemistry, Theory of Optical Methods of Analysis, Other Physical Methods, Physicochemical Methods of Analysis: Practical Pmt, and Analysis of Complex Materials. An appendix containing 20 tables provides useful coverage of ionization, formation, and solubility constants, standard potentials, buffer compositions, and the like. In their preface to the First Edition, Kolthoff and Sandell stressed the value of a rational and intelligent application of principles to the solution of analytical problems. However, the significance of theory should not be exaggerated at the expense of practical work; theory and practice should go hand in hand. This down-to-earth approach has been retained in the present edition. Grest care has been taken to maintain a. proper balance between theory and practice, and between the old and the new in analysis. The treatment of acid-base equilibria has been extended to s. more advanced level and now includes an introduction to such eauilihria, in nonaaueous svstems. New
successful analyses, now require no less than four chapters for coverage. As is to he expected, the treatment of physiwchemical methods of analysis has been greatly expanded. The utility of cur-
in this /sue
I. M . Kolthoff,E. B. Sondell, E. J . Meehan, and Stanley Bruckmtein, Quantitative Chemical Analysis
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Ira N . Levine, Quantum Chemistry Volume I: Quantum Mechanics and Molecular Electronic Structure
...A595
Jay Martzn Anderson, Introduction to Quantum Chemistry James S. Swinehad, Organic Chemistry: An Experimental Approach Royslon M . Roberts, John C. Gilbert, Lynn B. Rodewald, and Alan 8. Wingroue,An Introduction to Modern Experimental Organic Chemistry
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Robert H.Shapiro, Spectral Exercises in Structural Determination of Organic Compounds
...A598
Harland D. Embree and H a d d J . DeBey, Introduction to the Chemistry of Life
...A598
rent-voltage curves in providing an understanding of electroanalytical methods is well brought out. There sre numerous references to papers and to general or collected works. As in earlier editions, answers are appended to the numerical problems at the ends of the various chapters. This is not a book to he used for a semester and then discarded. I t is one that will be retained long after the student hns joined the ranks of practicing chemists. Many of the latter will want to replace the well-thumbed Kolthoff and Sandell with this latest version, which combines firstclass treatment of theory with a plentiful supply of andyticd "knowhow" and provides really useful leads to the more specialized aspects of andytioal chemistry.
JOHN T. STOCK University of Connectioul Stows, Conn. 06868 Quantum Chemistry Volume I: Quantum Mechanics and Molecular Electronic Structure
Ira N . Levinc, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York. Allyn and Bacon, Inc., Boston, 1970. xxi 591 pp. Figs and tables. 15 X 23.5 cm. $14.25.
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I n the last three decades quantum mechanics has made a tremendous impact on many fields of science. The importance and extent of the many applicat,ions of quantum mechanics in various areas of science are well appreciated and well known. The result is that now all students of physics and chemistry and some students of biochemistry, biology, electrical engineering, mathematicq, e t a , are required to study the subject. However, physicists, chemists, biologists, engineers, etc., are usually not using the same texthooks. This is because they are interested in different parts of quantum mechanics and they have different mathematical backgrounds. The former reason affects the choosing of topics for the textbook while the latter reason affects the presentation. A great number of textbooks on quantum chemistry have been published in the last five years. However, only a few of them are outstanding in both choice of topics and presentation. The present hook is one of these. The author begins his presentation with s discussion of the historical background of quantum mechanics, the uncertainty principle, the time-dependent and the tim-independent Schrodinger equations, probability and complex numbers. Then treated in detail are standard introductory topics such as the particle in a box, the harmonic oscillator, angular momentum, the hydrogen atom, quantum mechanical operators, the postulates of quantum mechanics and electron spin and the Prtuli Principle. The variation method and perturbation theory are introduced in quite an extensive manner. Perturbation theory for a degenerate energy level is also discussed and the first excited states of helium are treated by degenerate perturbation theory. The essential topics
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book reviews of quantum chemistry are discussed such as the many-electron atom, the HartreeFoek self-consistent-field method, electron correlation, spin-orbit interaction, molecular symmetry, the Born-Oppenheimer approximation, valence-bond and molecular orbital treatments of diatomic molecules, the SCF MO treatment of polyatomic molecules, valence-hond treatment of polyatomic molecules, semiempirical MO treatments of planar conjugated molecules and nonplanar molecules. The viral theorem and the Hellman-Feynman theorem are also presented. The topics chosen me of interest to chemists and the presentation is clear to the average chemist. Current literature references in quantum chemistry are widely quoted throughout the text. The author introduces the necessary mathematics as the physical and chemical considerations require. However, the a& tempt is not quite successful. Sometimes it interrupts the flow of thought on the physical questions and makes for a disconnected presentation of the msthematics. Some mathematics and some steps of derivations are presented in an unnecessarily detailed manner. I t may he useful for self-teaching but it may bore the student with a better mathemsticd hackground. Some important topios are presented in a terse style (e.g., comparison of the variation and perturbation methods, techniques of perturbation theory, the SCF MO treatment of polyatomic molecules, semiempirical MO treatments of nonplanar molecules, computer and quantum chemistry, the future of quantum chemistry, etc.). Despite these minor shortcomings, I still highly recommend this hook for use as an introductory quantum chemistry textbook far advanced undergraduate students and first-year graduate students with relatively poor mathematical backgrounds. I also recommend it as a reference for self-teachine. But I
backgrounds. YUHKANGPAN Boston College Chestnut Hill. Mass. 0,9167
Introduction 80 Quantum Chemistry
Jay Martin Anderson, Bryn Mawr College. W. A. Benjamin, Inc., New York, 445 pp. Figs. and tables. 1969. xiv 16 X 23.5 cm. $14.95.
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This text represents a significant contribution to the new generation of quantum mechanics texts for senior m d graduate students in chemistry and chemical physics. It has a number of very attraotive features such as the extensive use of exercises and problem. These form an integral part of the development and suoceed in their purpose because the suthor has provided a remarkable 90 pages of answers, including a large section on ~olutionswith a digital computer.
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Journal of Chemiml Edumfion
Because both matrix mechanics and wave mechanics are developed from a fundamental postulate basis, the reader must possess a good grounding in linear algebra, and matrix manipulations. For those without this background a 30 page appendix on the subject is provided (taken largely from the author's 1966 hook "Mathematics for Quantum Chemistry"). After a brief semi-historicel introduction to the need for quantum mechanics (13 pages of Chapter 0) and an even briefer review of classical mechanics, the following topics are covered (pages are given in parenthesis): the postulates (16); application to particles in potential wells, rigid rotors and harmonic oseillatars (75); hydrogen atom (12); perturhation theory and variation methods (40); polyelectronic atoms (17); molecules (27); spectroscopy (23); scattering (10). Some of the treatments w e novel and interesting and many lecturers and students will undoubtedly find the text a pleasure to work through. The word "Introduction" in the title is well chosen since the hook does provide . a rigorous and well written introduction to thelanguage and techniques of quantum mechanics. Some readers may, however, consider that the author hasn't quite made it to the "Chemistry" in his title since few applications are discussed in detail (only 8 pages are devoted to polyatomic molecules). However, such criticism is somewhat unfair. This hook does not attempt to review current work on molecular structure calculations which was done so well in a similar hook by F. L. Piler ("Elementmy Quantum Chemistry," McGraw-Hill, 1968). It does not present group theory either. However, other books do cover these topics well and there is no need for them to appear under a single cover. What is important is that Anderson has written an excellent text on the more fundamental aspects of quantum chemistry.
parstus is diagrammed, and the more than a few instrumental descriptions. However, there are some inoonsisteneies and omissions. Far example, there is no mention of KBr pellet preparation in the initial ir discussion; this is found in the appendix. In thin layer chromatography, no mention is given of the visualization procedures, though this is one of the key steps in this technique. In most quslitative organic schemes, the clsssifieation of the substance by solubility is the first step. Swinehart places this in Chapter 32, though there are several chapters devoted to the subject of qualitative analysis befare thia. The most surprising omission is that no mention of nmr occurs. There are no references to the literature in the entire hook. In view of the extensive use of ir, the fact that there is no discussionof the essential steps in analysis of ir spectra is a surprise. The book has much to recommend it if the instructor is willing to make some essential additions.
J. D. REINHEIMER College of Wooster W~osler,Ohio An Introduction to Modern Experimental Organic Chemirtry
Roysta M . Roberts, John C. Gilbert, Lynn B. Rodmald, and Ahn S. W6ngrove, all of the University of Texas, Austin. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 388 pp. Inc., New York, 1969. xii Figs. and tables. 18.5 X 26 om. $7.50.
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The authors state their intention that the book has been designed to provide the basis for a lahoratorv course which empha-iiree both the thrrnetirsl a d pntrtical uqkcti of wuuuic drcnii,rry, nhilr at the snmc t m r iutnducinl: : I I ~ernp1uyi1.gthe more recently developed spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques. E. A. OQRYZLO The hulk of the hook, 246 pages to he University of B~itishColumbia exact, concerns itself with specific lahoraVancouver, Canada tory preparations which cover a wide range of resction types and includes free radical halogenation, elimination to and addition of dkenes, electrophilic aromatic substitution, the Diels-Alder reaction, S N ~ and S N rextions, ~ earbenes and arynes, Organic Chemirtry: arganwnetallics, oxidations, the reactions An Experimental Approach of carbonyl containing compounds, as well James 5.Swinehart, Perkin-Elmer Corp., as three multistep sequences leading to Appleton-Century-Crofts (educational polystyrene, sulfathiasole, and l-hromo-3division of the Meredith Corp.), New chloro-5-iodobennene. The section con599 pp. Figs. York, 1969. xiv cludes with a. prepamtion of tropylium and tables. 22 X 28 cm. Softbound. iodide and some carbohydrate chemistry. $8.95. Each experiment is preceded by a, detailed discussion of the theoretical prineiThis book, witb a plastic ring binder, is pals relating to it and an outline of the a laboratory manual which contsins both practical aspects which the experiment is synthetic and qualitative organic experidesigned to convey. I n addition to this a ments. The techniques of gas, thin layer, series of well conceived exercises after the paper and column chromatography and experimental write-ups insures that the ir spectroscopy are discussed, as well as student has thaueht about and understood the classical techniques of distillation, thr t1teor.v HMI prn(.tm c-onrkin~dill the extraction, etc. The hook is well-illuscxpc~imer.t. Both i r nnd i l m r spectra of trated with diagram of apparatus, stxrting tnarrriul-. a r d produet* arr rlmrly schemetics of instruments and a. large presented for each synthetic sequence, number of ir spectra. There are quesand this innovation presents the instructor tions with each experiment and answers (who for pedagogical considerations, or^ to selected exercises in an appendix. lack of student. time or instruments, does The strengths of this book are its versatility, the care with which special ap(Continued on page A598)
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