It is a matter of great pride to the Water Purification Division that the number of customer complaints in Chicago on tastes and odors in the finished water from both filtration plants has been at a minimum. Selected additional reading
Annual Reports for Central Water Filtration Plant and South Water Filtration Plant (1966). Bartuska, J. F., “Ozonation at Whiting-26 Years Later,” Public Works, Vol. 98, No. 5 . August 1967. Baylis, J. R., “An Improved Method for Phenol Determinations,” JAWWA, Vol 19, No. 5, May 1928. Baylis, J. R., “Elimination of Taste and Odor in Water” (Engineering Societies Monographs), McGrawHill Book Company, Inc., 1935. Baylis, J. R.. “Taste and Odor Elimination,” JA W W A , Vol. 24, No. 5, May 1932. Baylis, J. R. and Gullans, O., “An Improved Odor Test on Water,” JAWWA, Vol. 28, No. 4, April 1936. Baylis, J. R. and Vaughn, J. C., “Pollution Loads and Their Effect on Plant Operations,” PIN^ Water, Vol. V, No. 3, March 1953. Besozzi, L. and Vaughn, J. C., “Experiences with Activated Carbon at Hammond. Indiana,” JA W W A , Vol. 29, No. 10. October 1937. Besozzi, L. and Vaughn, J. C., “Experimental Studies of Odor Control at Whiting, Indiana,” JAWWA, Vol. 41, No. 11. November 1949. Cherry, A. K.. “Use of Potassium Permanganate in Water Treatment,” JAWWA, Vol. 54, No. 4, April 1962. Hager, D. G. and Flentje, M. E., “Removal of Organic Contaminants by Granular Carbon Filtration,” JAWWA, Vol. 57. No. 11, November 1965. Vaughn, J. C.. “Laboratory Control and Operating Experiences at the Hammond. Indiana Filtration Plant,” JAWWA, Vol. 31, No. 12, December 1939. Vaughn, J. C., ”Studies of Water Quality at the Southern End of Lake Michigan.” Pure Wnter, Vol. IX, No. 12. December 1957.
QUOTE . . . TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE, A NATIONAL NECESSITY The alteration of the physical as well as the social environment is not a recent phenomenon. Our so-called ecologic crisis has historical roots. We are all aware that the virgin forests of North America which greeted settlers two centuries ago have now largely given way t o cultivation or t o urbanized settlement. But, as Lynn White of the University of California has recently pointed out, we can look further back into history a t decisive alterations i n man‘s environment. [But] what is it in the process of environmental change which is fundamentally different? Why are we concerned now rather than 100 or 1000 years ago? I suggest that the problems today are not necessarily different i n kind but are so much more widespread and grow in severity so much more rapidly that we can no longer afford t o respond passively only after they become obvious. In the past, people slowly became adjusted t o a polluted river here and a smokey valley there. These became facts of life for man t o live with as best he could, or t o move t o a more salubrious environment. Now, the pace of change results in dramatic environmental changes over a decade rather than a century. We all know from personal experience that the air pollution in many large cities has gotten significantly worse i n the last few years. Many of us are familiar with streams once clear in our youth which are now virtually unrecoverable. Within a man’s lifetime the automobile has changed social patterns, land usage, the fundamental nature of the community and the family. What is new is the scale, variety, and speed of change, both in man’s physical and his social environment. When studying pollution problems, traffic congestion, and needs for recreation areas i t is tempting t o recommend a moratorium on change-at least until we catch our breath on the 20th Century treadmill. But we all realize that this is out of the question-we would not want to pay a fraction of the price of technological stagnation. Technological change is a national necessity i n a modern world. Continuing, pervasive advance in the way we do things and in the products and services we consume is the engine which permits us t o satisfy the most critical needs of an expanding population characterized by continually rising aspirations. It is not true, as is sometimes said, that we have mastered the problems of production. Unless we manage t o sustain or increase our present rates of increase in per capita gross national product, and t o improve the distribution of the product, we will be unable as a nation t o find the resources necessary to: Maintain security. Overcome poverty a t home. 0 Reduce the gap between rich and poor countries. Improve our environment. Find solutions t o pressing problems of natural resource and food supply.
Dr. Donald F. Hornig Director, Office of Science a n d Technology, Executive Office of t h e President, before t h e S u b c o m m i t t e e on Intergovernmental Relations, Senate C o m m i t t e e on Government Operations
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