CHEMICALS Reference Bank for Isotopes Bureau of Standards program minimizes uncertain ties in measuring natural abundance of isotopes IVEFERENCE
T h i s is not a facetious question . . . r a t h e r a very s a l e s - s e r i o u s o n e . Impressions a r e created by o u r senses a n d r e t a i n e d in t h e m e m o r y often long a f t e r t h e s h a r p n e s s of actual e v e n t s h a v e f a d e d . T h e space deodorant that scents a theater, hotel, r e s t a u r a n t , lobby, factory o r home i s quietly a n d u n o b t r u s i v e l y m a k i n g either p l e a s a n t o r unpleas a n t a s s o c i a t i o n s in t h e m i n d s of your c u s t o m e r s . If t h e m a s k i n g a n d and r e o d o r i z i n g a g e n t h a s been carefully selected a f t e r e x h a u s t i v e developmental w o r k i n a n Aerosol T e s t i n g L a b o r a t o r y . . . chances a r e excellent t h a t your " s i l e n t sales man'* i s m a k i n g f r i e n d s . Such a service is available t o you in t h e D&O Aerosol D e p a r t m e n t . L e t o u r Aerosol T e c h n i c i a n s a n d expert p e r f u m e r s help p u t t h e right at mosphere in your s p a c e d e o d o r a n t !
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search on natural a b u n d a n c e of iso topes a r e now b e i n g p r e p a r e d a n d dis tributed b y t h e National Bureau of Standards a t t h e request of t h e U. S . Geological Survey. T h e program is sponsored b y t h e Atomic Energy Com mission a n d seeks to set common stand ards to which all measurements in r e search on the natural abundance of iso topes c a n b e referred. Samples will b e available on a n in ternational basis and will consist of ele ments a n d compounds i n forms suit able for mass spectrometer analysis. As a part of t h e program, t h e Bureau is determining t h e suitability of n e w chemical compounds for isotope meas urements a n d is developing convenient preparation techniques. It will also serve as an international clearing house for data on t h e n a t u r a l a b u n d a n c e ratios for these samples. For t h e first time, says t h e Bureau, ail labs doing research o n a particular element will be working with t h e same material. Use of t h e b a n k a n d com pilation of different labs' results are ex pected to minimize the uncertainty i n present-day measurements a n d lead t o increasingly accurate a n d reliable values for the isotopic abundances of elements issued as reference samples. Response to a questionnaire asking laboratories both in t h e U . S. a n d abroad w h a t elements they were inter ested in indicated that there is interest in nearly all of t h e polyisotopic ele ments, particularly lead a n d t h e light elements. Standards of deuterium ox ide and deuterium were also requested. The Bureau currendy has 25 differ e n t chemical elements i n 3 0 different compounds; t h e list of elements a n d compounds is continually increasing. Small samples suitable only for mass spectrometer analyses a r e sealed i n glass tubes for distribution. Bases a n d volatile liquids are in internal breakseal tubes. T h e Bureau says mass spectrometer a n d spectroscopic analy ses confirm that t h e materials are of suitable purity. Solid samples are care fully ground and mixed t o assure homo geneity. Most of the reference samples have been obtained from commercial sources; in a few instances the Geologi
cal Survey h a s supplied natural min erals. T h e lead is from galena mixed in Lvigtut, Greenland; the limestone is from a quarry in Bavaria; d i e sulfur is from a sulfur dome in Texas. Sulfur reference samples a r e supplied both as native sulfur and as sulfur dioxide; samples of the air used to make tlie sul fur dioxide a r e also available. This is because isotopes of the S 0 2 ion are commonly measured. Other samples include water, hydro gen, deuterium oxide (heavy water) a n d deuterium gas, rare gases, carbon, alkali a n d alkali earth carbonates or salts, silica sand, compounds of copper, silver, a n d cadmium. T h e Bureau says t h e samples -will subsequently b e sold for a nominal fee, with all users asked t o report their measurements.
Indoor-Outdoor Color Film Eastman Kodak has developed a new color film which it says will have an important impact on amateur photog raphy. T h e film, says company, is a striking improvement on Kodacolor Roll Film. An outstanding feature of t h e film i s its sharpness. W h e n printed on Kodak's n e w T y p e C paper, t h e prints a r e said t o h a v e a brilliance and clarity approaching results obtained dirough t h e use of such advanced color print making techniques as tJhe Kodak D y e Transfer Process. Advanced amateur photographers, in their own darkrooms, will be able t o produce high quality color prints a n d enlargements with t h e s a m e basic darkroom equipment tbat i s used for making black and white prints and enlargements, says Kodak. The n e w film c a n b e used indoors Avith clear flash or outdoors with natural light without need for compensating filters. CS 1
Alkaryl Sulfonate Series Ninol Laboratories is offering for t h e first time an unusually broad range of alkyl aryl sulfonates for use in aqueous detergent systems, emulsifiers, lube oil additives, a n d corrosion inhibitors. Molecular weights increase from sodium xylene sulfonate (Ninex 3 0 3 ,
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There's something new in D T T O L Alcohols W i t h its h i g h lauryl c o n t e n t , D V T O L J-68 promises to b e especially v a l u a b l e as a n intermediftJ— ""tF '| Ά a t e for synthetic detergents. This new fatty alcohol means t h a t the D Y T O L family now Tffryj... ."-rTyrVJf offers the answer to a wide range of product problems. You'll w a n t to investigate these fatty alcohols if you m a k e cosmetics, polymerization regulators, lubricating oil additives, textile finishing a n d softening agents, q u a t e r n a r y a m m o n i u m c o m p o u n d s , emulsifiers and detergents. D Y T O L alcohols a r e available in quantity, a r e known for t h e i r high uniform quality. T h e y u n d e r g o the reac tions typical of alcohols: ethoxylation, sulfation, esterification, halogenation, d e h y d r a t i o n a n d oxidation. W r i t e to D e p a r t m e n t SP t o d a y for m o r e d a t a .
Chemicals for Industry
R O M 101 £- H A A S D Y T O L is a trade-mark, Reg. U. S. Pat. Off. and in principal foreign countries.
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molecular weight 208) at the low e n d of the scale to oil soluble amine sul fonates (Ninate 430, molecular weight 480) at the high end. This series is said to make possible the selection of a sulfonate with t h e proper hydrophobe or hydrophile balance for any given application. I n emulsification, for example, t h e m e m bers may b e blended with each other to obtain the correct polarity. Blends of these sulfonates with nonionic types may also b e m a d e for special applica tions. The water spluble Ninex products a r e used as coupling agents, foamers, dish washing detergents, a n d shampoos; t h e "nil soluble Ninates are valuable a s water-in-oil emulsifiers, corrosion inhib itors for oils or gasoline, a n d drilling mud additives. In addition to the members of this series offered commercially, Ninol also offers experimental samples of tailormade sulfonates with unique cations such as zinc, nickel, ôr complex amines. These m a y have such special applications as in paints, resins, or catalyst systems. CS 2
Apple tungicîde This simplified d r a w i n g of a n experimental homogeneous t y p e p o w e r reactor, n o w in the final assembly stage, shows o n e o f five rruclëur fêâCtôf projects currently under w a y a t Los A l a m o s , w h e r e the w o r l d ' s first h o mogeneous reactor w a s designed a n d built a n d is still in operation. Indicative of the importance o f these e x p e r i ments is the Laboratory's thirteen y e a r record in active research, design a n d development in this major field of basic scientific interest. M a n y challenging projects in nucleonics, physics, chemistry, metallurgy, mathematics a n d engineering support these a s well as other of t h e Laboratory's diverse activities. Top-level scientists a n d engineers interested in l o n g - r a n g e career opportunities a t o n e of the nation's foremost scientific l a b o r a tories can secure complete information b y writing DEPARTMENT OF SCIENTIFIC PERSONNEL Division 601
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A light-colored apple fungicide based o n thiram (tetramethyl thiuramdisulRde) is being readied by E>u Pont for the 1956 season. T h e company's petition for residue tolerance and application for registration of t h e thiram fungicide, Thylate, h a v e b e e n accepted for review b y federal authorities. T h i r a m has been under test as a n apple fungicide in Connecticut for 1 1 seasons a n d has been evaluated in trials by investigators in 16 other states a n d by commercial growers in still others. Tests have shown t h a t in addition t o being a n excellent control for apple scab, it has given good control of cedarapple rust. Additionally, says company, thiram leaves t h e fruit with a fine quality finish at harvest time. Subject to registration for commercial use a n d establishment of a residue tolerance, D u Pont is making plans t o market Thylate thiram fungicide in 5 and 50-pound bags. CS 3
ί M o n s a n t o Chemical has added a medium-flow, medium-setup formula tion to its line of general purpose sty rène molding materials. It is offered to injection molders in both pelleted and granular crystal form u n d e r n a m e Lustrex Hi-Flow 66. N e w material is said to b e an in-between formulation
Everybody's doing i t . . . with aluminum Strategic industrial material, aluminum has a bright future in the rapidly expanding do-it-yourself market. Every day, new uses are found for this versatile metal that account for increased demand for soda ash, caustic soda, and sulphuric acid . . . chemicals essential to aluminum production. To anticipate and provide for the growing chemical requirements of the aluminum industry, Olin Mathieson has a forward-looking program of coordinated planning and production. This assures aluminum producers of the availability of chemical raw materials regardless of changing market conditions or
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I N O R G A N I C C H E M I C A L S : Ammonia · Bicarbonate of Soda · Carbon Dioxide · Caustic Potash - Caustic Soda · Chlorine - Hydrazine a n d Derivatives · Hypochlorite Products · Nitrate of Soda · N i t r i c Acid · Soda Ash · Sodium C h l o r i t e Products · Sulphate of Alumina · Sulphur (Processed) · Sulphuric Acid O R G A N I C C H E M I C A L S : Ethylene Oxide · Ethylene Glycols · Polyethylene Glycols · Glycol Ether Solvents · Ethylene Dichloride - Dichloroethylether · Formaldehyde · Methanol · Sodium M e t h y l a t e · Hexamine · Ethylene D i a m i n e · Polyamines * Ethanolamines · Trichlorophenol · Trichlorobenzene.
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Physical Properties of Chemical Compounds
2, NEW Y O R K , U . S . A.
N u m b e r 15 i n Advances Chemistry
in Sériels
e d i t e d b y t k e staff o£ A systematic tabular presentation of accu r a t e d a t a on the physical properties of 511 organic cyclic compounds compiled by R. R. Dreisbach of the Dow Chemical Co. These comprehensive and basic data were deter mined for specially prepared, high purity compounds. In addition to the precisely measured properties the author has cal culated new values for many constants based upon his new experimental values.
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which fills t h e gap t h a t existed between company's regular-flow a n d soft-flow, general purpose compounds. Monsanto h a s also redesignated its Lustrex L, a regular-flow, fast-setup material, as Lustrex Hi-Flow 7 7 . CS 4 • Aluminum-silicone paint produced by Atech promises relief for h o t pipes on aircraft and automobile exhaust systems, says company. Called Alumicone, paint is said t o withstand temperatures in excess of 1500° F . Atech says paint is also practical for other uses such as on furnaces, stove or heater doors, a n d for high temperature smoke stacks. CS 5 • Photolith emulsion, Ortho A, offered by Du Pont's photo products department is said to have extended sensitivity for better halftone performance a n d improved background drop-out. Photolitri Ortho A replaces Type 700 and is said to retain the high contrast characteristics of Type 700 but to have improved dot-etch performance. CS 6 • Plastic foam-in-place p o w d e r , Eccofoam G L , is offered by Emerson & Cuming. It is suppMed as a finely divided, free flowing powder which cures to a low density foam which can then be used u p to 175° C , says company. Applications include embedment of electronic assemblies and the core of radome wails. CS 7 • S o l v e n t cement for joining polyvinyl chloride pipe fittings and flanges h a s been developed b y T u b e Turns Plastics. It i s said to make possible joints as strong or stronger than pipe itself. w es s ί Glucose o x i d a s e - c a t a l a s e e n z y m e system, D e e O , has been introduced b y Takamine Laboratory to canners of carbonated soft drinks. Company says the enzyme promotes reaction between oxygen a n d glucose a n d consequently removes oxygen from products when glucose is present. I t is thus said t o improve shelf life, stability, a n d color of c a n n e d carbonated beverages. CS 9 • Black high h e a t p a i n t offered b y Spec ο is said to offer maximum protec tion for surfaces subjected to tempera tures up to 750° F . Known as H S E Black, it is composed of a black pitch base bolstered with a special silicone additive. CS 1 0
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