C&EN
COMMERCIAL CHEMICALS
PROGRESS REPORT
These items have all been mentioned editorially in C&EN in the past month. If you haven91 already sent for9 information on them, just check the appropriate key numbers on the coupon on page 50, and C&EN s Readers9 Information Service will forward your request to the manufacturer. Company Alfa Inorganics Beverly, Mass. Dow Chemical Co. Midland, Mich. Evans Cosmetics, Inc. New York, N.Y. Hynes Chemical Research Corp. Durham, N.C. Materials Research Corp. Orangeburg, N.Y.
Product
Transition metal chlorides
C 60
Chloracetic acid
C 61
Thioacetic acid
C 62
1,3,5,-Trifluoro-S-triazine
C 63
Metal crystals
C 64
Metal carbonyls
C 65
Pressure Chemical Co. Pittsburgh, Pa.
Dicyclohexyl carbodiimide
C 66
Upjohn Carwin Organic Chemicals North Haven, Conn.
Features For use as catalysts for chemical intermediates and as molten salt systems Purity has been increased from 98.5 to 99.5% For use as a reagent Available in research and development quantities for use as an intermediate Crystals of molybdenum, tantalum, niobium, vanadium, and nickel for research studies Carbonyls of chromium, iron, molybdenum, tungsten, and manganese for use as intermediates For use as an intermediate in synthesis of a wide range of chemicals
Available in commercial quantities unless otherwise noted.
reaches equilibrium and is controlled at 70° C. The mixing volume and associated plumbing are the key to P-E's SimonCondon system. The mixing volume is, in effect, a pneumatic integrator for the system. The mixing volume with its inlet and outlet plumbing ensures complete mixing of the combustion products and the helium gas and also makes complete purging of the system between samples possible, according to P-E. Sample Expanded. After equilibrium is attained the gases are expanded into the distributed sample coil. The coil, a 10-ft. length of copper tubing, effectively stretches the sample gases into a 10-ft. column of equal-composition gas. This 10-ft. column is then displaced through a short length of detector plumbing, creating an essentially steady-state measuring system. The unbalanced signal produced in the thermal conductivity bridge is proportional to the concentration of the component removed. This unbalanced signal is displayed on a potentiometric recorder. Three straight lines represent the voltage which is proportional to the concentration of the component present. The firm plans to supply digital display equipment later. Generally an analysis can be run in about 13 min. 42
C & E N AUG. 16, 1965
Refractory Compounds Stable at 2250° C. Refractory compounds which are stable at temperatures to 2250° C. while in contact with metallic tungsten are being developed at Tem-Pres Research, Inc., of State College, Pa. This brings closer to realization the oxidation-resistant surface coatings needed to make tungsten suitable for specific aerospace, military, and superspeed-aircraft applications. Although tungsten has a higher melting point than does any other pure metal (about 3400° C ) , its applications have been limited because tungsten has a tendency to form volatile oxides in oxidizing environments at temperatures as low as 700° C. Coatings now in use can protect tungsten for short periods at temperatures near 1700° C , according to Dr. Bert Phillips, director of the research program at Tem-Pres. However, no coating has been found which protects tungsten adequately at or above this temperature— the temperature where the use of tungsten is required. In fact, Dr. Phillips adds, there doesn't seem to be much published work concerned with basic studies of metal-metal-oxygen systems at temperatures above 1500° C. And no data at all of this type were available on metal-tungsten-oxy-
gen systems before this study was initiated in July 1963. A variety of metal-tungsten-oxygen systems have been investigated by Tem-Pres. So far, Tem-Pres has studied the condensed-phase relationships of ternary tungsten-containing systems using, as the second metal, cobalt, titanium, samarium, lanthanum, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, zirconium, and hafnium. The most promising systems for high-temperature coatings applications have been those of calcium, strontium, samarium, and lanthanum. Calcium tungstate is a single-phase refractory compound with the general formula 3 C a O W 0 3 . Although tungstates are not usually high-melting, calcium tungstate has a melting point of 2225° C. ± 20° C. A ceramic coating based on calcium tungstate would be relatively inexpensive to prepare, Dr. Phillips says, because the starting materials are lime and tungsten. The basic metal-tungsten-oxygen relationship of the high-melting calcium system was also characteristic of strontium tungstate, 3 S r O W 0 3 . This system has a melting phase of about 2225° C. Samarium tungstate, 3Sm 2 0 3 -W0 3 , melts at 2240° C. ± 20° C. The analogous lanthanum compound, 3 L a 2 0 3 # W 0 3 , melts at about 2050° C , Dr. Phillips says.
Thread your needle with glue Chem-Stitch does CHEM-STITCH®, patented process of Hicks & Otis Prints, Inc., creates a three-dimensional quilted effect—without t h r e a d . Without stitches. The process bonds fabrics to a thin foam or fiberfill lining, with glue. Specifically, an adhesive system based on VITEL® polyester resin. Bonds quickly, strongly. Stays
flexible. Holds up to washing and dry cleaning in outerwear, lounge wear, home furnishings and industrial uses. Most important, the process is ten times faster than stitching. The things you can do with adhesives! Replace stitches. Replace the nails, rivets, staples, bolts or solder on your
product. Ask us about VITEL for adhesive systems. Or other VITEL polyester resins for wash 'n wear fabrics; monofilaments for bristle, seat covers, furniture, rope. Whatever your market, we may be able to help you sew it up. Try us. Goodyear Chemical Data Center, H-16. Box 9115, Akron, Ohio 44305.
GOOD YEAR
CHEMI GAI_S
Formulation your problem?
Atlantic can help solve it— with a complete line of UltrawetR surfactants . . . all biodegradable! Atlantic has your answer. A complete line of Ultrawet linear alkylate sulfonates. One just right for your formulation. And now, the complete Atlantic line is biodegradable. Atlantic was the first company to make soft LAS commercially available. We have the experience! So, if your product is not yet biodegradable, the conversion should be greatly simplified. Quantity alone is not enough! A complete line is fine . . . but it's not enough for Atlantic. Each product must meet and pass
rigid tests during the manufacturing process. It must possess the one constant Atlantic ingredient—quajjty. The result! Linear alkylate sulfonates that are extremely low in unreacted oil content, have high detergency, superior foam, and outstanding wetting ability. In addition, color and odor stability insures longer shelf life. Liquids, slurries, flakes, or beads . . . they're all available from Atlantic. Why not discuss your formulation with your nearby Atlantic chemical sales engineer. He has unique, practical experience in assisting with commercial formulations and conversions to biodegradable syndets. Or write to The Atlantic Refining Company, 260 South Broad Street, P h i l a d e l p h i a , Pennsylvania 19101. Formulation your problem? Atlantic can help solve it!
The Atlantic Refining Company Philadelphia, Pennsylvania · Revere, Massachusetts · Charlotte, North Carolina Chicago, Illinois · Los Angeles, California In Canada, Naugatuck Chemicals, Division of Dominion RubberCompany, Ltd. In South America, Companhia Atlantic ue Petroleo, Rio de Janeiro.
Transparent ABS Resins Marketed in Japan Japan's Toyo Rayon Co., hoping to strengthen its hand in ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) resins, has be gun commercial sales of a new trans parent-grade called Toyolac 900 series. The firm thus joins Hamano Resin Co., which was first on the Japanese market in June 1964, with a transparent ABS resin trade-named ABS Hamano 500. At least two other firms—Kanegafuchi Chemical Industry Co., and AsahiDow, Ltd.—have been testing similar products. Toyo Rayon's transparent resin cur rently comes in three grades: 900 for injection molding, 920 for injection molding where high stiffness is needed, and 960 for extrusion molding. Trans parency of all three grades is about the same and varies with wave length of the incident light, reaching a peak of about 80% transmission at 700 m/x. This is less than that of polycarbonate, whose light transmission curve peaks at about 82% of 700 m^. However, Toyo Rayon hopes to market an "ultratransparent" grade later this year that will have a transparency of about 83 to 84% at 700 πΐμ. In their natural color, standard ABS resins are opaque and range from dark to light ivory. They can be pigmented to match almost any color and have a very high inherent gloss. Mechanical properties of the trans parent grades are similar to those of Toyo Rayon's standard ABS resins, though tensile and impact properties are somewhat lower. Type 900, for example, has a tensile strength of 5110 p.s.i. Impact strength of type 900 is 29 in.-lb. per inch notch at 23° C , 19.8 in.-lb. at 0° C , and 15.6 in.-lb. at - 2 0 ° C. Types 920 and 960 have higher tensile properties but generally lower impact properties. Heat distor tion temperature is 81° to 82° C. Transparent ABS shows up well in comparison with polycarbonate and polym ethyl methacrylate. Polycar bonate has better impact strength and heat distortion characteristics, but is harder to process, Toyo Rayon says. It also has a higher price tag. Polymethyl methacrylate is generally cheaper, but is inferior in mechanical properties. ABS Content. Toyo Rayon isn't saying how it makes its new ABS. About the only information the firm will divulge for now is that ABS con tent is about the same as in normal
buying a pump in a poke? No need, really — when you can send for the new Bulletin 130 from Eastern Industries and make sure! If you need a centrifugal pump with pressures up to 70 psi, with flow rates to 70 gpm, this catalog is for you. Whether you are thinking of labora tory, pilot plant, or chemical processing, one or more of these high-efficiency pumps is likely to be just right for you. And the new centrifugal pump bulletin gives you all the details you want: choice of motors · enclosures · drives · seals · materials · installations. All told, here a r e fifty models, which you ought to look over before you specify a n o t h e r p u m p . Send for this handy guide to better p u m p s now — and find out why this lit tle pump went to market.
EASTERN A
^>
DIVISION
ΟΓ
INDUSTRIES LABORATORY
FOR
ELECTRONICS.
INC.
lOO SKIFF STREET · HAMDEN 14. CONNECTICUT BRANCH OFFICES: Topsfield, Mass., Lyndhurst, N. J., Wilmington, Del., Chicago, III., Torrance, Calif. IN CANADA: ENTERPRISE AGENCIES, INC., Montreal,CUiebec
AUG.
16,
1965
C&EN
45
CHEMICAL* POWER/ helping you meet the challenge of marketing change through research . , . truly applied . in lubrican
WANT TO MANUFACTURE LUBRICANTS durable enough for automatic transmissions and delicate enough watches?
SWIFT'S SPERM OIL is the starting point in the manufacture of lubricants that can be durable enough for automatic transmissions, yet delicate enough for watches. The primary reason is its superb lubricity. But there are others! As a base for automatic transmission fluid for which it is usually sulfur/zed or chlorosu/fonated. Swift's Sperm Oil is less susceptible to temperature than almost any other oil. It also displays excellent resistance to oxidation and age. At the other end of the lubrication spectrum. Swift's Sperm Oil is used for lubricating watches because of
its low constant viscosity. Additionally, it exhibits exceptional metal-wetting, penetrating, and rust preventative qualities. Swift's Sperm Oil is insoluble in water and alcohols, but soluble in petroleum oils and most organic solvents. It also sulfonates very well. When so treated, it can be blended with mineral oil for good, extreme pressure characteristics. Swift manufactures many other lubricants (see list at right). For help with your lubrication problem, see your Swift Specialist. Or write direct
Other Lubricants in the Long Line from Swift VERSATILE ESTERS . . . Swift's ESTREX. . . methyl, butyl, propyl esters of animal and vegetable fatty acids. Also glyceryl, polyethylene glycol esters. Find uses in metalworking, cosmetics, rubber products, textile finishes . . . many areas. METALLIC SOAPS . . . Swift's F/exichem products . . . calcium stéarate, zinc stéarate, sodium stéarate, potassium stéarate, and other specialty products are used in a range of applications from cosmetics to impact extrusion. DEPENDABLE SOAPS . . . timeproven lubricants from the industry's widest line of industrial soaps with applications too numerous to list. TRULY M U L T I P U R P O S E OIL . . . Swift's LAREX. . . mixture of refined animal oils (basically soft triglycerides). Its many uses include lubricating, cutting, and metal processing oils, textile oils, metal and clay mold releases. Can be sulfonated. . . . a f e w more of the many ways Swift can help you meet the challenge of marketing change through "Chemical Power"
grades and that the key to transparency is use of a small molecular size butadiene latex in controlling refrangibility. The Japanese firm has a Firestone license for making its standardgrade ABS resins, but developed the transparent product on its own. Typical uses include pipe and ducts where transparency is required, bottles, and decorative applications (particularly when electroplated). Price of the resin in Japan is about 50 cents a pound, compared to 25 to 31 cents a pound for standard resin (natural). Polycarbonate goes for about 73 cents a pound, while polymethyl methacrylate sells for about 44 to 50 cents a pound. Domestic Use. Toyo Rayon says it has no present plans either to market the new grades in the U.S. or to license its technical know-how, though a company representative says that this may later be reconsidered. The firm's main aim right now is to capture a larger slice of its domestic market. The Japanese market is highly competitive these days with seven producers having a total annual capacity for ABS, including the transpaient grades, of about 45 million lb. There are also three firms that import resin. But last year's production was only about 11 million lb., and this year's demand may reach only 16 or 17 million lb., according to one producer. Meanwhile, total capacity may double during 1966. Among the major U.S. producers of ABS resins, Monsanto, Naugatuck, Marbon Chemical, and B. F. Goodrich Chemical have looked into the transparent, or near-clear, variety. According to ABS producers, production is technically feasible, but the market potential of these plastics in the U.S. doesn't make their production attractive considering the solid position of polycarbonate and methacrylate resins in competing uses.
11B5
BRIEFS
SWIFT & COMPANY Chemicals for Industry Department 115 WEST JACKSON BLVD. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60604 In Canada: Swift Canadian Co., Limited Guelph, Ontario
In-line blending control instruments which feature automatic electronic temperature compensation have been developed at Waugh Controls Corp., of Van Nuys, Calif. According to Waugh, the Ratiodyne instruments automatically allow for varying component stock temperatures, thus eliminating the greatest single source of inherent error in systems for in-line blending control. The instruments accomplish this by using a resistance
thermometer to measure temperature of each component stream. A computing circuit in each blend control station then corrects the flow signal to provide on-specification ratios. The Radiodyne line includes instruments designed for two-component or for multicomponent blending.
Continuous-wave operation of a laser that has an optical cavity external to the crystal has been demonstrated at Sperry Rand Corp.'s electro-optics group in Great Neck, N.Y. The external cavity of the neodymium-doped calcium tungstate laser makes it possible to adjust mirrors and insert irises in the cavity, Sperry Rand says. This eliminates unwanted traverse modes which, until now, have upset the laser's coherence and caused the beam to spread more rapidly. According to Sperry Rand, previous attempts at mode control in continuouswave crystal lasers have been largely unsuccessful. As the new laser is improved, the company plans to employ it as an oscillator in a study of coherent optical array techniques currently under way for the Air Force. The aim of the study is to develop a three-laser-in-tandem radar.
A new process for recovering carbon disulfide from exhaust gases from viscose rayon plants has been developed by Lurgi Gesellschaft Fuer Chemotechnik, m.b.H., of Frankfurt, Germany. According to the company, the process, based on an activated carbon called Sulfosorbon, separates hydrogen sulfide and recovers carbon disulfide in one step.
NEW CHEMICALS Polymercaptan resins for use by the sealant and caulking compound industry are available from Diamond Alkali Co., of Cleveland, Ohio. Prices of the resins range from 93 cents per hV/in drums in less than carload lots to 84 cents per lb. in bulk shipments, the company says. C 67
Inhibitor-sweetening catalyst for sweetening sour gas at cooler stock temperatures is available from Eastman Chemical Products, Inc., of Kingsport, Tenn. Tenamene 7 is a blend of dialkyl-p-phenylenediamine and its AUG. 16t 196 5 C & E N
47
now, at low cost, the new ASCO "50" enables you to compare your present processing costs with those of MOLECULAR D I S T I L L A T I O N Fields of investigation heretofore made prohibitive through use of highly expensive investigative tech niques can now be explored with this simple-tooperate molecular-still. Since the " 5 0 " still is the , laboratory counterpart of the large commercial ) Rota-Film Still, results obtained may be duplicated on a commercial scale of any magnitude.
hundreds now in use.. .
ASCO "SO" ROTAFILM STILL
complete for only
$43900
With this simple-to-operate still you may... • explore falling agitated film evaporation and dis tillation · distill materials with molecular weights ranging from 200 to 1250 weight (hydrocarbons) and some materials to 4000 molecular weight (silicones and halocarbons) · deglycerinate and distill mixtures of mono-, di- and tri-glycerides • distill tall oil · distill paraffin from slack wax or petroleum residue · deodorize oils · remove color bodies from materials of high molecular weights. FEATURES
write for free folder
• • • • •
Batches from 10 ml to 20 liters Vacuum range from atmospheric to 1 micron Hg. Temperature range to 450°C. Teflon or carbon rotor-wiper blades Stainless-steel (18-8 type 304) wiper-holders (Available with Hastelloy B) • Continuous or batch feed • All parts made of glass except wiper-holders and top plate • UMTS MAY BECOUPLED FOR FRACTIONATION.
ARTHUR F. SMITH, INC. .201 S.W. 12th Ave., Pompano Beach, Fla.
Specializing in
ORGANIC DIVALENT SULFUR COMPOUNDS...
DILAURYL THI0DIPR0PI0NATE StabUizer-Antioxidant for
POLYPROPYLENE POLYETHYLENE EDIBLE FATS and OILS
Indicative of highest quality are MELTING RANGE — 39-40°C ACID No.—LESS THAN 1 FREE ALCOHOL — LESS THAN 1 % I
F.D.A. APPROVED -^MiwrmmsrsMrMErMrPMTTisr
ΕΙ/ΛΛ/S
48
C&EN
A U G . 16, 1 9 6 5
250 East 43rd Street New York 17, Ν. Υ. Phone 212 MU 3-0071
ortho isomer. The ortho constituent contributes sweetening, ability to Tenamene 7 while the para constituent maintains inhibitor efficiency, the com pany says. C68
Hydroxybutyl methylcellulose for con trol of viscosity of methylene chloridebase paint remover systems is avail able from Dow Chemical Co. of Mid land, Mich. According to the com pany, Methocel HB was designed for use in low methanol and low alcohol systems. C 69
Three diglycol ethers for use as oxy genated solvents have been developed by Enjay Chemical Co., of New York, N.Y. The three products are desig nated Jaysolve DM (diethylene glycol monomethyl ether) Jaysolve DE (di ethylene glycol monoethyl ether), and Jaysolve DN (diethylene glycol monobutyl ether). C70
Polyvinylpyrrolidone-based
products
with varying degrees of lipophilic char acter and a high degree of surface activity have been developed by Gen eral Aniline & Film Corp. According to the New York, N.Y., company, the products, called Ganex, are a modi fied form of PVC and vary in form from viscous liquids to waxy and gran ular solids. C 71
Metallo-organic thixotropic agents for
use in formulating vinyl organosols and plastisols are available from Lubrizol Corp., of Wickliffe, Ohio. Accord ing to the company, Ircogels pour easily and can be incorporated into a formulation by simple mixing. In addition, Ircogels improve fusion char acteristics and heat stability of plasti sols, the company says. C 72
NEW EQUIPMENT ^ m i n o acid analyzer that makes analy s i s of samples as small as 0.02 micromole possible has been developed by Spinco Division of Beckman Instru ments, of Palo Alto, Calif. The Model 120C features automatic reprograming at the touch of û button, timing that is exact to 0.1 min. with all timers coordinated, and a conveniently organized control panel, the company says. Ε 30
Portable oxygen analyzers for moni toring controlled environments and hazardous areas are available from Analytic Systems Co., of Pasadena, Calif. All models feature a galvanictype detector cell which responds in stantaneously to changes in oxygen concentration and has a life span of up to eight months depending on oxygen level of the environment and duration of use, the company says. Ε 31
ance, it is insensitive to moderate tem perature changes and has a high zero stability, the company says. Ε 32
Thermal
conductivity
instrument
Further information on keyed Chemical and Equipment items is readily available . . .
Ose handy coupon on page 50
Readers' Information Service
August 16, 1965
Use this handy self-mailer to obtain further furthei information or literature. Simply mark requested, clip the coupon, fold, staple, and the items desired, fill out the information req mail. Name:
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YOUR FUNCTIONS (Maximum of 2, pleas please.) G Η Ι J Κ
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Analysis/Testing Marketing/Sales Purchasing Consulting Teaching—Student
CLIP COUPON—Fold along this line- -fasten (staple, tape, glue) MAIL Your Industry:
A ( ) Engineering and Construction Β ( ) Food and Kindred Products C ( ) Textile Mill Products D ( ) Paper and Allied Products Ε ( ) Government F ( ) Chemicals and Allied Products G ( ) Elastomers, Polymers, Plasticizers H ( ) Drugs I ( ) Detergents, Cosmetics, Specialties J ( ) Paints, Varnishes, etc.
FOR HOT MELT AND HEAT SENSITIVE
ADHESIVES Comprehensive information, just off the press, is available on Picco's water white, thermoplastic copoly mer, PICCOTEX®. For folding cartons
Company:
Management Process Research & Development Product Research & Development Basic Research Plant Operations Engineering Design & Construction
for
determining thermal conductivity of ceramics, metals, plastics, and com posites has been developed at Thermo-Physics Corp., of Cambridge, Mass. According to the company, the instru ment has an accuracy of 4% from 100° to 1500° F. and an accuracy of 6% from 1500° to 2200° F. E 33
Microbalance of fused quartz for thermogravimetric work or other mass change measurements has been devel oped at Worden Quartz Products, Inc., of Houston, Tex. According to the company, the balance can be baked out at high temperatures for high-vacuum work. Being a true bal
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Κ ( ) Petroleum Réf., Asphalts, Lubricants L ( ) Rubber and Plastic Products M ( ) Independent Laboratories Ν ( ) Consultants 0 ( ) Primary Metal Industries Ρ ( ) Fabricated Metal Products Q ( ) Machinery and Equipment R ( ) Transportation Equipment S ( ) Instruments and Controls Τ ( ) Education
and form and fill bags—this low cost hydrocarbon resin offers excellent hot tack properties in wax-EVA for mulations for instant bond strength and heat sealability through a wide range of temperatures and pressures. For heat sealable labels—PICCOTEX offers formulation of dry, tack-free adhesive coatings for heat activated application to the finished package. Tofindout more about how PICCOTEX can provide better heat sealing in your own adhesive application, mail the coupon below for your free copy of PICCO Technical Bulletins PPN064 and PPN-067 with starting for mulations.
PENNSYLVANIA INDUSTRIAL CHEMICAL CORPORATION 170 state Street · Clairton, Pennsylvania Please send Technical Bulletins PPN-064 and PPN-067. Name Position Company Type of business Address City
State
AUG.
16,
1965
C&EN
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