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Remodeling of a Cell-Free Vascular Graft with Nanolamellar Intima into a Neovessel Zihao Wang, Chungeng Liu, Yi Xiao, Xiang Gu, Yin Xu, Nianguo Dong, Shengmin Zhang, Qinghua Qin, and Jianglin Wang ACS Nano, Just Accepted Manuscript • DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04704 • Publication Date (Web): 04 Sep 2019 Downloaded from pubs.acs.org on September 5, 2019
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Remodeling of a Cell-Free Vascular Graft with Nanolamellar Intima into a Neovessel Zihao Wang1,2,#, Chungeng Liu3,#, Yi Xiao4, Xiang Gu1,2, Yin Xu1,2, Nianguo Dong3, Shengmin Zhang1,2, Qinghua Qin4*, Jianglin Wang1,2* 1Advanced
Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Center, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China 2Department
of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China 3Department
of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China 4College
of Engineering and Computer Science, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601,
Australia
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ABSTRACT: Advances in cardiovascular materials have brought us the improved artificial vessels with larger diameters for reducing adverse responses that drive acute thrombosis and the associated complications. Nonetheless, the challenge is still considerable when applying these materials in small-diameter blood vessels. Here we report the biomimetic design of an acellular small-diameter vascular graft with specifically lamellar nanotopography on the luminal surface via a modified freeze-cast technique. The experimental findings verify that the well-designed nanolamellar structure is able to inhibit the adherence and activation of platelets, induce oriented growth of endothelial cells, and eventually remodel a neovessel to maintain long-term patency in vivo. Furthermore, the results of numerical simulations in physically mimetic conditions reveal that the regularly lamellar nanopattern can manipulate blood flow to reduce the flow disturbance compared with the random topography. Our current work not only creates a freeze-cast smalldiameter vascular graft that employs topographic architecture to direct the vascular cell fates for revasculature, but also rekindles confidence in biophysical cues for modulating in situ tissue regeneration. KEYWORDS: small-diameter vascular grafts, nanolamellar structure, freeze-cast, numerical simulation, revascularization.
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Many vascular surgical procedures, including coronary artery bypass graft surgery,1 arteriovenous shunts,2 and the treatment of congenital heart disease and pulmonary tracts,3,
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require biologically responsive
vascular substitutes when autografting, the gold standard, is unavailable due to the patient’s poor vasculature.5 Constructing vascular grafts with the properties of anti-thrombosis and inducible endothelialization has always been a major challenge, but is considered a promising method when applied to the treatment of vascular diseases.6 Until now, although large-diameter (ID>6 mm) vascular grafts have been successfully commercialized and are widely used clinically, no satisfactory products for the replacement of small-diameter (ID
